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Analýza životních projevů dojnic ve volném kotcovém ustájení
Surmová, Lucie
Bacholor thesis is focused on the analysis of vital sings in the pens. The aim is to these vital sings analyze and evaluate the results. The first half is devoted to the theoretical basis of the issue. The introductory part introduces the concepts of Holstein cattle, milk yield, lactation, ethology and technology cattle housing. The practikal part is processed by a specifict analysis. Observations took place in the summer, in July and August one a month. Followed mainly the following activities: eating, drinking, chewing, urine, standing, lying down. Attention was also paid to the efficiency of dairy cattle and lactaion. From the rusults it was found that the yield was higher, the content of milk components was lower. And this was recorded for lactation with increasing lactation yield going up, but the lower the value of dairy ingredients. Dairy cows on the second higher lactation lay more than cows at first lactation.
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Preference boxové řady v závislosti na aktuální mléčné užitkovosti dojnic holštýnského plemene
Trněná, Iva
The aim of this study was to clarify the preference of the pit row based on the current milk yield of cows of Holstein breed. Experiment took place in a particular breeding station in winter and summer. The factors included: current milk yield (kg milk), order of lactation (n) and stage of lactation (days). The object of observation was one section with 59 pits arranged in two rows. Row 1 - closer to the feeding table (n = 29), row 2 - situated closer to the perimeter wall of the stable (n = 30). Dairy cows located in pits were monitored for frequency of standing and lying down. Lying dairy cows, were then monitored for the preferences of lying on the left or right side (laterality). Entry was done during a direct monitoring of dairy cows to a precise diagram of the section by group photoshots. The results demonstrated statistically high probative value that all cows most filled the row located closest to the feeding table. Furthermore, it was found that cows with the yield of 30.1 - 40 kg of milk preferred the row that was closer to the perimeter wall of the stable (P <0.01). For cows with milk yield below 15 kg and over 45 kg of milk was then observed balanced preference of both rows. The order of lactation had statistically significant effect on the preference of the pit row when the row 1was preferred by a greater extent by the cows at first, second and third lactation. On the contrary cows in 5th lactation occupied this row the least. Dairy cows above the 90 days of lactation prefered statistically higher the row closest to the feeding table and the least a row located closer to the perimeter wall of the stable (P < 0,01). Next, in all studied factors (efficiency, order and stage of lactation) was detected a higher prioritization ratio to lay down on the right side (P < 0,01).
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Vliv technologie ustájení dojnic holštýnského skotu na parametry mléčné užitkovosti ve vybraném chovu
Zapletalová, Lenka
The topic of the diploma thesis focuses on the effect of housing technology of Holstein dairy cows on the parameters of milk yield in selected breeding. The aim of the work was to analyze the effect of two different housing technologies in one company, on the parameters of milk yield during one calendar year. The analysis took place from January 2020 to December 2020 in the Dubicka agricultural joint-stock company. For technology A, it was a binding housing with the medium stand. For technology B, it was a free box housing. Data on the number of animals, milk yield, fat content, protein content, order of lactation, lactation phase, and somatic cell number were all obtained and subsequently evaluated. When comparing housing technology A and B, in terms of amount of milk produced, it was found that the housing technology did not have a large effect of milk yield, protein content, and fat. However, it had a major effect on the number of somatic cells in the milk. Compared to Technology B, Technology A showed lower milk yield, higher fat and protein content, lower average lactation order, and higher somatic cell counts for the average annual performance control values. The values from the pool milk samples differed only in the number of somatic cells when technology A showed a higher number. Overall, technology B seems to be promising as it provides animals with better living conditions as well as production conditions, and is more advantageous in terms of labor intensity.
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Zhodnocení výsledků reprodukce dojnic holštýnského a českého strakatého skotu ve vybraných chovech
VÁCA, Vít
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of reproduction of dairy breeds of cattle, specifically Holstein and Czech pied cattle. The first part of the work includes a general acquaintance with breeds of Holstein cattle and Czech pied cattle, their basic characteristics and history. Another part of the work is focused on cattle reproduction. This chapter covers the main reproductive indicators, factors affecting reproduction and problems related to dairy reproduction. The following chapter deals with a detailed description of the estrous cycle of cows. The aim of the work is to evaluate the level of fertility and other selected indicators of dairy cow reproduction (especially insemination interval, service period, pregnancy after the first insemination, etc.) breeds Holstein cattle and Czech pied cattle in selected farms. Data from selected breeds were obtained from the database of the breeding organization for the breeding year 2020/2021. This data was then processed into tables and graphs and evaluated.
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Vliv vybraných faktorů na dlouhověkost dojnic
ŠLEGLOVÁ, Lucie
This diploma thesis deals with the influence of selected factors on the longevity and milk yield of Holstein cattle in the company ZOD Mrákov. The company provided data on culled dairy cows from the period from 1 January to 31 December 2021, when a total of 316 dairy cows were culled. The causes of culling were found in the-se dairy cows, which were then processed into tables and graphs. In addition, 102 culled dairy cows were randomly selected, which were divided according to breed, age at first calving, lactation order and cause of culling. Of the total number of 102 dairy cows, 60 were red-spotted and 42 were black-spotted dairy cows. In dairy cows, lifetime performance in kg, performance in kg on individual lactations, age at first calving in months, order of lactation and reasons for exclusion were monitored. The data were processed by appropriate statistical methods using MS Excel and Statistica 12. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated from the collected data. Baseline characteristics and differences between groups were evaluated using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-tests were used to evaluate the level of signifikance. In the statistical survey, only the influence of the breed and the order of lactation on the performance of dairy cows at the level of significance p < 0,01 was found to be conclusive, which is taken as a statistically highly significant difference. Other statistical surveys were statistically insignificant. Nowadays, breeders are more inclined to problem-free, long-lived dairy cows, which have excellent milk production and can withstand more lactations in the herd. Optimally, the dairy cow should conceive regularly, i.e. one calf a year, have good mobility and be durable so as not to require the special care of a caregiver or veterinarian.
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Vybrané vlivy na mléčnou užitkovost dojnic
MICHÁLKOVÁ SUDOVÁ, Klára
The diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of selected effects on the milk yield of dairy cows of the monitored herd of Holstein cattle. Evaluation and data collection It took place in the Miller farm in Svrkyně. The performance control data were subsequently processed and statistically evaluated.
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Funkční stav mléčné žlázy v závislosti na způsobu zaprahnutí dojnic
KOSOVÁ, Vendula
The method of dry off therapy dairy cows significantly affects the overall course of the dry period, the functional state of the mammary gland and the occurrence of mastitis in the first phase of lactation. Concerns about antimicrobial resistance have been growing in recent years, leading to demands for antibiotic reduction in livestock farming. Efforts to reduce antibiotic consumption also affect the way cows are milked. The selective method of thresholding seems to be a suitable alternative to surface antibiotic plating, which was a common practice on most farms in the Czech Republic. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to process the recorded data on dry dairy cows and their subsequent comparison in order to evaluate different methods of drying off. The data, used in this thesis, was taken in the agricultural enterprise Agrodam Hořepník, in the period from September 2020 to October 2021 and deals with a total of 398 dairy cows. The methods of drying off compared were: drying off using the antibiotic preparation Orbenin and Orbeseal teat plugs, a combination of the Orbenin antibiotic preparation, Orbeseal teat plugs and the Herba Dry herbal supplement, dryin off with the help of the Orbeseal teat plug with the Herba Dry herbal supplement and a variant of the Orbeseal teat plug itself. Antibiotic dry cow therapy had the most effective results when comparing PSB before farrowing and after calving. However, the fact that alternative methods did not achieve the same favorable results as antibiotics, their use in dairy cows with low PSB appears to be effective.
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Předpoklady realizace reprodukční schopnosti skotu z hlediska podmínek chovu
VACHOUŠKOVÁ, Jana
The objective of this thesis is a creation of an overview of different factors affecting reproduction performance of dairy cattle, obtaining data concerning reproduction performance of dairy cattle and reviewing reproduction performance in the year 2019. Data used in this thesis was gathered in Úněšovský statek, a.s. at farms in Pernarec and Chrančovice. Zootechnological archive and the records of Českomoravský Svaz Chovatelů were used to process the data and the information about the company was provided by Úněšovský statek, a.s. The main focus of the work is observation of the way in which a heat stress affects reproduction performance of dairy cows at Pernarec farm with milk utility of 11 877 kg and dairy cows at Chrančovice farm with milk utility of 12 103 kg. A THI-Cooper meter was installed in stables of mentioned farms in order to monitori temperature and humidity and produce temperature-humidity index values from 10.6.2019 to 14.9.2019. These values showed if/when the stabled cattle experienced heat stress. Results of this observation were later divided into three categories by severity of heat sress. Pernarec farm showed highest pregnancy rate (60%) during the time without heat stress. Chrančovice farm showed highest pregnancy rate (58%) during the time with medium heat sress. The overall results of the measuring imply that high pregancy rate was kept in Pernarec and Chrančovice farms even during high heat stress periods because of synchronization program used.
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Onemocnění paznehtů u holštýnského skotu
KLABOUCHOVÁ, Taťána
The health status of dairy cows has a direct impact on milk production and the related breeding economy. Any disruption of the health of the dairy cows reduces milk yield and negative affects the economy of breeding. Maintaining good limb health in dairy cows i sone of the most important tasks of production and preventive veterinary medicine. The bachelor's thesis is focused on the occurence of hoof diseases on three dairy farms breeding Holstein cattle. Monitoring took place in the years 2018 - 2020. A total of 2 163 dairy cows were included in the follow-upm divided into 5 groups according to the order of lactation. The most common diseases were specific-traumatic inflammations of the hoof joint, where their incidence ranged from 7,9 % to 14,8 %. Another disease assessed was digital dermatitis, which occured from 7,28 % to 14,24 % during the monitored years. The last disease studied was necrobacillosis. This occured on farms ranging from 1,22 % to 4,74 %. The work also decribes the characteristics of the Holstein cattle, the anatomy of the hoof, treatment and prevention of individual diseases, as well as the factors influencing the development of hoof disease.
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Vliv tepelného stresu na produkci a chování dojnic holštýnského skotu v letních měsících ve vybraném chovu
Zavadilová, Kristýna
The aim of the bachelor thesis was to deal with the literature concerning the influence of the heat stress on the behaviour and production of the dairy cows of the Holstein cattle during summer at the selected breeding. The practical part of this thesis was carried out at the agricultural cooperative in Hříšice during July, August, and September 2016. The temperatures and relative humidity of stable environment were acquired with the use of temperature-humidity sensor Onset HOBO. Daily milk yields were recorded using the system AfiFarm. The results of milk efficiency were compared with the production efficiency. Moreover, changes in behaviour of the dairy cows were observed. It was noticeable, that there were fewer dairy cows lying in the boxes at higher temperatures. Moreover, they spent more time at drinking devices. According to the results, July was the warmest month. Average temperature reached 21,19 °C. Nevertheless, the influence of the heat stress on the milk production has not fully been proved because of the small scale of data. Most of milk yields were carried out at 22 °C, which misrepresented the evaluated results.
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