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Behaviour of Drivers on the Roads and Efficiency of Preventative Actions Focused on Traffic Participants.
VEČLOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor thesis is focused on troubled behaviour on the roads, or behaviour of drivers on the roads. In the theoretical part, drivers´ behaviour and most frequent offenses are described, as well as other road users. Traffic accidents and their most frequent causes, proved by the statistics of Police of the Czech Republic, are also mentioned in this part. Last but not least, there are the chapters devoted to accidents and inappropriate behaviour prevention. The traffic preventive actions are designated not only for drivers, but also for children, who are road users as well and, sadly, frequent participants in traffic accidents. Thus, in the last chapter I focus on description of traffic education from the perspective of an elementary school experience. In the practical part I asked drivers both about the traffic preventive actions and the traffic situation on the roads from their subjective point of view. To be more specific, I asked about what influences their attention, the way they perceive current situation and whether they would like to change anything or not.
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Present nursery school in a town and in a village
STAŇKOVÁ, Kateřina
This work discusses the differences of the rural and the urban lifestyle and their influence to the behavior and approve themselves of children and teachers in nursery schools. In the theoretical part I write about the factors, which have the greatest influence to the behavior of children, in the practical part I watch the behavior of children in the preselect activities in 5 rural and 5 urban nursery school.
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Does butterfly mating behaviour change with phenological condition of populations?
VLAŠÁNEK, Petr
The optimization theory assumes that males of insects with separate adult generations should preferentially invest into the mating if there are the most fresh females; in other times they should save energy and focus on maintenance activities. Based on this assumption, butterfly behaviour should change with season, population density (mainly the sex ratio) and day time. To explore these assumptions, we used mark recapture data obtained from several mark-recapture studies, which contained records of behaviour of each handled individual. In total, we analysed data on 14 species, 24 ``butterfly-seasons{\crqq}, 21 737 individuals (14 228 males, 7 509 females). We subjected the behavioural data to ordination analyses controlled for weather effects. For daily patterns, morning and afternoon activities comprise mainly of maintenance activities, while mating seems to occur in middays. Regarding seasonal patterns, males of most of the species switched from mating behaviour to maintenance behaviour. No prevailing trend applied to females, in which we found both transitions from mating behaviour to maintenance activities and opposite patterns. Density predictors (sex ration, daily population size) revealed changes in mating behaviour of one sex with changing the abundance of the other sex. In conclusion, exploring mark-recapture data for behavioural patterns proved to be fruitful, but cannot fully replace studying behaviour via more traditional ethological methods.
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Origin of sociality in mongooses (\kur{Carnivora, Herpestidae})
MICHÁLKOVÁ, Jana
The origin, evolutionary polarity and possible causes of sociality in Herpestidae (Carnivora) are not clear. In this study, I compiled data matrix of 48 ontogenetic, reproductive, ecological and behavioural characters of mongooses. I used parsimonny optimization of the character states onto phylogenetic tree for reconstruction of the ancestral condition , and I examined the role of ecological factors and changes in body mass in social evolution in mongooses.
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Population structure and survival of (\kur{Melitaea didyma}) in National Natural Reserve Mohelno Serpentinite steppe
VOČADLOVÁ, Martina
The presented thesis deals with habitat requirements, population size and survival of the Spotted Fritillary (Melitaea didyma) in national nature reserve The Mohelno Serpentinite steppe. The estimated population size is about two thousands of individuals, and the individuals frequently migrate between habitat patches. The optimal habitat structure is characterized by grassy pasture steppe with occurrence of larval host plant and abundant nectar plants for adults. The most frequent male behaviour is searching for females, while the females spend most time by nectaring. Caterpillars were found on two species of family Scrophulariaceae.
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An analysis of the basic behaviour in herd of sheep
JINDROVÁ, Miloslava
The subject of my bachelor thesis is the analysis of the basic manifestation of behaviour in flock of sheep. The herd which was the focus of the ethological study belongs to farmer Ing. Jana Vejčíka from Dlouhé Stropnici in the region of Novohardské mountains. The herd comprise of 96 sheep, 8 of which were šumavka kind and 88 of valaška. The observation took place over the course of 3 seasons.
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Bionomics, diurnal behaviour and habitat selection of a vulnerable butterfly \kur{Erebia aethiops} in South Bohemia Bohemia
KLEČKOVÁ, Irena
Erebia aethiops (Esper, 1777) is a lowland representative of prevailingly mountain butterfly genus Erebia (Dalman, 1816). As many other butterfly species, it is declining in Central and Western Europe. I carried out an extensive mark-recapture study of its large population inhabiting Vyšenské Kopce Natural Reserve, the largest complex of calcareous grasslands in South Bohemia, Czech Republic. This thesis relates the demographic parameters to behavioral information, which indicate its habitat use. It also provides original observations of diurnal behaviour and bionomics of this little-studied and ecologically unusual species.
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Personality of common vole (\kur{Microtus arvalis}): behaviour in new environment
ROUBOVÁ, Veronika
This thesis is focused on intraindividual variations. 96 common voles have been searched in Open-field test. I measured total duration, frequency and latency of behavioral components. Following analysis of datas discovered behavioral differences between voles. I assessed some individuals either as extremely shy or extremely bold but most individuals can be clasified between this extreme values.
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Political culture in the Czech Republic
Čadová, Naděžda
In May 2007 CVVM realized a survey,where the questions about political culture were included.Respondents were asked to evaluate political culture of public active people, their behaviour and performance. Respondents also expressed their opinion how should be morality of public active people evaluated.
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