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The Development of the Basic Body Measurements of Infants 6-12 months old.
BÖHMOVÁ, Kateřina
The aim of this diploma is to study the development of basic body measurements of infants 6 to 12 months old being exclusively breastfed up to 4 months of age, with continued breastfeeding along with appropriate complementary foods up to one year of age or beyond. The monitored physical parameters were the body length, weight, and head circumference. The anthropometric data were collected according to a standardized (Martin-Saller?s) method or its modification. For statistical comparison sorting of the age categories according to the WHO recommendation was made. Our data were compared (t-test, Z-score) with the results of the previous surveys of Czech children. Comparison of results of our study and previous anthropological survey showed lower mean values of weight-height ratio in our file. The questionnaire of mothers? somatic and further characteristics was evaluated. The part of this study involves also the evaluation of Life Satisfaction Questionnaire of primiparous mothers. It has been found that general life content of primiparous mothers is influenced by positive assessment of financial situation particularly. Researched somatic data about children are a part of the national anthropological survey of the National Institute of Public Health (NIPH) in Prague. The collected data sets can serve as a tool to creating standards for the current population of breastfed children.
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Midwife as a lactation adviser
TOMÁNKOVÁ, Veronika
Breastfeeding is the best and, at the same time, the cheapest nutrition for babies. Current trends are in favour of breastfeeding and its support. Support of breastfeeding can be viewed as a preventative way of care, since a mother?s decision against breastfeeding her baby may have material adverse impact on the health of both the baby and the mother. Organisations devoted to support of breastfeeding can be found across the Czech Republic and the whole world. The theoretical part of this paper summarises findings concerning breastfeeding and lactation consultancy.The practical part of it is focused on gathering data from lactation consultants. For the purposes of this paper, I have set 3 objectives and 3 related questions. Objective 1: To map midwifes who provide lactation consultancy in the South Bohemian region. Objective 2: To establish the type of employment relationship under which lactation consultants provide their services. Objective 3: To define specific aspects of a lactation consultant?s job. I have chosen qualitative research as my method and conducted non-standardised interviews consisting of 28 open questions. My research group included 5 midwifes who provide lactation consultancy in the South Bohemian region. The research was performed through March and April 2011. Answers to the questions comprise the output of the research. Research Question 1: Are there enough midwives providing lactation consultancy in the South Bohemian region? Research Question 2: What type of employment relationship do the lactation consultants work under? Research Question 3: What are the specific aspects of a lactation consultant's job? The research questions have been answered. The research indicates that lactation consultants provide this service either as private midwifes or in their free time when off work, whilst employed in hospitals. Lactation consultancy is a specific type of job in that it's fieldwork. I have mapped lactation consultants in the South Bohemian region. 3 of my respondents stated that there was a lack of lactation consultants, however, that, for the time then being, the offer was meeting the demand. Students of midwifery, midwifes, but also nurses who work at hospital puerperium units can find this paper useful. It provides findings which may help to improve this type of work and may be useful for midwives who are interested in providing lactation consultancy.
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Lactation consultants in the District of Jindřichův Hradec
HANTOVÁ, Lucie
The title of thesis is Lactational Consultancy in the district of Jindřichův Hradec and this is also the main topic of the thesis ? the meaning of the term and the general principles of becoming a good consultant in the field of brestfeeding. Lactational consultancy is supported by the lactational league and that is why this organization is mentioned in the thesis; it is an independent and non profit-making organization but it is the most important one in the field of this consultancy. The thesis contains also lactational physiology such as anatomy of breast glands and the influence of human hormones on the glans. It also contains the description of mother´s correct nutrition because it is of the same importance in the lactational period. Further chapters are about breastfeeding ? preparation, advantages both for the infant and the mother, the procedure of the first giving the breast to the infant. The following part of the thesis introduces the breastfeeding technique which describes general principles of giving the breast to the infant. The next chapter is about positions used while breastfeeding. But breastfeeding is not only the matter of advantages, principles and positions while breastfeeding. Therefore there is also chapter about breast care in the lactational period. The thesis describes the correct breast hygiene, care after each breastfeeding and also how to massage the breasts. In the course of breastfeeding many various problems may occur; the most important ones are mentioned in the last part but one of the theoretical section of the thesis. Two objectives were set up at the beginning of the thesis, and two hypotheses. One objective was focussed to the level of acquaintance with lactational consultancy among women, the other on the level interest in the service. Hypothesis No. 1 was that women know about the possibility of lactational consultancy and this hypothesis was well supported in the course of us research; thus the objective was completed successfully. The other hypothesis was that women are interested in using lactationaly consultancy. On the basis of the same principle this hypothesis was supported and the objective No. 2 completed. All the data were archieved by anonymous questionnaires which had been submitted to mothers in lactational period at local gynaecologists in policlinics and to pregnant women attending course preparing for birthgiving. The main objective was collect data for founidng a lactational centre or non-stop telephone line in the district of Jindřichův Hradec where such a service is badly missing.
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The Development of Standaros of Proper Nutrition for Children to The Age of Three
KILBERGEROVÁ, Jana
The target of the thesis was to find out the way of alimentation of the child up to the age of three years in the family, if the nurses inform the mothers of the children up to the age of three years about the principles of the correct alimentation of their child and to create the education and information in the field of principles of correct nutrition of the child up to the age of three years. These targets were achieved. In the quantitative research examination, the research complex consisted of a general and children nurse, and mothers of children up to the age of three years from all 123 consulting rooms of physicians for the children and young people (pediatrists) in the South Bohemian Region. 123 questionnaires for nurses and 1230 questionnaires for mothers of children up to three years of age were distributed. 85 questionnaires for nurses and 360 questionnaires for mothers were used for the research. It follows from the results of the research examination that mothers are well informed about the correct way of alimentation of their child in the consulting rooms of practical physicians for children and young people and they observe the recommended principles of the correct nutrition of their child. It follows from the research examination of nurses that there are not unified opinions in introducing some kinds of food into the nutrition of sucklings and toddlers, first of all concerning the pasteurised cow milk, fat and cholesterol. The answers of nurses and mothers in the research examination were the base for elaboration of the educational manual for the parents ? especially for mothers and a standard for the nutrition of children up to there years.
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Nurses´ Influence on Regimen of Breast-Feeding Mothers
HARANTOVÁ, Klára
Abstract Breastfeeding has been given a close attention in the last decade so the awareness of nursing mothers and health care staff seem to be sufficient. However, latest surveys have disclosed the necessity of further education of both groups and the need to cooperate closely. This Bachelor work is focused on healthy diet of nursing mothers as well as the impact of education and midwives´ behaviour towards the mothers on making healthy food choices while breastfeeding. The aim of this work was to find out the ways of nursing mothers´ nutrition and to map the benefits of education centred on healthy diet. The work is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The first one deals with historical views of postpartum and lactation periods, the trends in nursing mothers´ nutrition, the education provided by midwives and lactation consultancy. The latter part analyses survey information. A quantitative research technique, an anonymous questionnaire, was used for getting required information. There were 128 questionnaires given to respondents and 103 of them were brought back. The survey was carried out in the paediatric consulting rooms in Strakonice, Volyně and an obstetric department in Strakonice. The findings confirmed the hypothesis that nursing mothers maintain healthy diet while breastfeeding, mostly thanks to information provided by midwives. The findings of the research survey, as a source of appropriate information, could be afforded to midwives of in-patient and out-patient departments so that the education of nursing mothers can be spread and improved.
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Factors affecting suckling behaviour in Bovids
OLLÉOVÁ, Michaela
This thesis summarizes factors affecting suckling characteristics behaviour in Bovids. I focused on those main suckling characteristics: Suckling frequency, duration of suckling bout,total time spent suckling, suckling attempts, termination and initiation of suckling bouts and incidence of allo-suckling. I discussed those findings in the view of sociobiological theories such as parent-offspring conflict and Trivers-Willard model.
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Exercise for Women after Giving Birth.
ŠVECOVÁ, Lucie
ABSTRAKT The topic of my thesis is women?s physical exercise after childbirth. Physical exercising is a close topic to me, which is the reason I have chosen it as the content of my thesis. Physical exercises dutiny confinement play an important role. The body recovers faster and it prevents after-birth difficulties, such as backache, incontinention disorders, descensus uteri, pelvic floor muscles release or abdominal muscles diastasis. The aim of these exersices is to remove the changes that occured in the woman?s body during pregnancy, at childbirth or in the period of confinement. Exercises can be started as early as 12-14 hours after the childbirth. In the thesis I have set two goals and two related hypothese. The first one was to determine the women?s knowledge concerning exercises after childbirth. The other one was to find out what are the sources women get the information concerning exercises after childbirth from. Hypothesis nr. 1: Women have information about exercises after childbirth. Hypothesi nr. 2: Women obtain information concerning exercise after childbirt from midwives at the confinement ward. The research file was made up by women both after a spontaneous childbirth and after caesarotomy, from the period of beány released home from hospital until half a year after childbirth. Quantitative research was performed randomly and furhter in the paediatrician?s surgery of MUDr. Rudolf Láznička in the municipality of Olešník, whit help of anonymous questionnaires. The questionnaire contained 33 questions. In total, 100 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 80 returned. The research part showed that nr.1 hypothesis was confirmed and nr.2 hypothesis was disproven. The thesis could be used as educational material concerning exercise after childbirth for women, midwives and students of the midwife specialization.
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Brestfeeding and its most frequent problems
SOUKUPOVÁ, Simona
The undergraduate thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical and contains overview of current knowledge concerning breastfeeding; the other part presents the survey. In the theoretical part, most frequent problems related to breastfeeding are outlined and correct breastfeeding technique described, which is important for the prevention of these problems. Also other aspects related to breastfeeding are described, such as positions, regimen of a breastfeeding woman etc. The first objective was to find out whether women get enough information about breastfeeding from the prenatal care. The second objective was to find out whether the nursing staff educates women on correct breastfeeding techniques in the postnatal ward. The third objective was to ascertain the most frequent problems related to breastfeeding in women in the postnatal ward, and the last objective was to find out whether breastfeeding women know how to resolve difficulties with breastfeeding. The first hypothesis was that women get information during the prenatal care. The second hypothesis was that nursing staff instructs women on correct breastfeeding techniques. The third hypothesis was that the most frequent problem in breastfeeding is sore and cracked nipples. The last hypothesis was that women are aware of solutions of their problems while in the postnatal ward. All the objectives were met. The survey showed that women were informed about breastfeeding during the prenatal care. They get most information from journals, books and internet. Some of them attended the breastfeeding course and others were instructed by medical staff. Thus the first hypothesis, that women get information during the prenatal care, was confirmed. The second objective was to find out whether the nursing staff educates women on correct breastfeeding techniques in the postnatal ward. The survey proved that women were educated in this way and the staff instructed them on steps leading to successful breastfeeding. The results confirmed the second hypothesis, that nursing staff instructs women on correct breastfeeding techniques. The third objective was to ascertain the most frequent problems with breastfeeding in women in the postnatal ward. The most serious problem ascertained was painful swelling of breasts. The third hypothesis, that the most frequent problem in breastfeeding is sore and cracked nipples, thus was not confirmed. Ascertaining the scope of women{\crq}s knowledge on ways to solve difficulties in breastfeeding was the fourth objective. It was proved that women have sufficient knowledge leading to the removal of a potential problem, and thus the fourth hypothesis, that women are aware of solutions of their breastfeeding problems while in the postnatal ward, was confirmed. In order to verify the hypotheses and fulfill the objectives the quantitative research was used in the form of anonymous questionnaires. We handed out 127 questionnaires, of which 112 returned to us. The survey was implemented in Thomayer University Hospital in Prague, which has been the holder of Baby Friendly Hospital certificate since 1993. The survey results could be used as a source of information for timely education on the most frequent problems in breastfeeding aimed at their prevention and at the same time serve as an information source for the improvement of nursing care. More attention should be paid to the issues of breastfeeding, as these are problems, which may make mothers{\crq} most beautiful period of life more difficult.
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