|
|
Analýza příčin vyřazování a vlivů na dlouhověkost dojnic ve vybraném chovu holštýnského skotu
JANOUŠKOVÁ, Marie
This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the causes of culling of Holstein dairy cows from a particular farm. The main aim of the thesis is to analyse the individual causes of culling and their frequency in the breed. The monitoring took place at the DZV Nova a.s. company in the VKK Petrovice stable of the Agrofert holding, between 2020 and 2022. According to the culling code list, in which the individual causes of discarding are listed, the frequency of these individual causes was analysed. The most common reasons for culling dairy cows in the VKK Petrovice stable include culling due to mammary gland diseases, fertility disorders, and recently dairy cows have also been discarded in large numbers due to unsuitability for a robotic milking parlour. The measures consist of mastitis prevention management, monitoring the health of dairy cows, balancing the feed ration in critical periods of the reproductive cycle and lactation phases, and a breeding program.
|
|
|
Vztah mezi průběhem dojení a dojivostí a zdravotním stavem mléčné žlázy
SEZIMOVÁ, Kateřina
The thesis deals with the relationships between the course of milking and the order of milking during the day, milk yield, stage of lactation, breed affiliation of cows and changes in the course of milking and other monitored indicators in cows with masti-tis. The literature review discusses current trends concerning the milking process, milk flow, monitoring of milking parameters, management software and factors that affect the whole milking process. The overview, which focuses mainly on mastitis and the risk factors associated with it, also covers various udder diseases. Data from each milking was collected for two farms and then the effect of the different grading cri-teria on the observed milking parameters were assessed. These were milking order, number of days in lactation on milking day, milk yield, average milk flow (in the first 15 s, 15 to 30 s, in the second 30 s and in the 2nd min of milking), proportion of milk yield in the first 2 min of the total milk yield, maximum and average milk conductivi-ty and temperature, average and maximum milk flow, total milking time and milking time at milk flow below 1 l/min. Subsequently, the data for DIM, milk yield, average milk flow (in the first 15 s, 15 to 30 s, in the second 30 s and in the 2nd min of mil-king) and the proportion of milk yield in the first 2 min were calculated. The diffe-rence between the maximum and average conductivity values and the difference between the milk flow values in the second 30 s of milking and in the second 15 s from the start of milking were also calculated. From the results it was found that Holstein cows, compared to dairy cows of the Czech Spotted Cattle breed, have a higher average milk yield, higher average milk flow and shorter total milking time. Also, milk yield in the morning milking is not always higher than in the afternoon milking. The average milk flow was highest from day 61 to day 120 of lactation. In the case of excessive flow, total milk yield, milk yield in the first 2 min of milking and its share of total milk yield were higher. In bimodal milk flow were found higher milk flow in the first and second 15 s of milking and also higher maximum milk flow and lower flow in the second 30 s of milking. A puzzling finding was the milk con-ductivity, as it decreased on the day of mastitis, when the conductivity should be highest. According to some authors, milk conductivity should always increase with the temperature of the milk sample, but this claim was not confirmed from the results.
|
|
|
Obsah jodu v moči a mléce krav v období puerperia
HOLÍKOVÁ, Michaela
The theoretical part of the thesis informs about the importance of iodine for humans, dairy cows and calves, its occurrence in the environment of the Czech Republic, the symptoms of iodine deficiency or excess and sources of iodine for dairy cows. It also presents factors influencing the iodine content in milk and introduces the postpartum period. The practical part is devoted to the evaluation of the iodine content in milk and urine of dairy cows in the puerperium period, i.e. up to the 25th day after birth, as well as to the evaluation of the correlation between the iodine content in milk and urine of dairy cows, milk yield and day of lactation.
|
|
|
Vliv objemného krmiva na mléčnou produkci vysokoužitkových dojnic
HOMOLKOVÁ, Kateřina
The diploma thesis dealt with the relationship between milk yield and roughage in the ration of high yielding dairy cows. The aim of the thesis was to analyse the changes in milk yield and levels of selected milk components in relation to changes in the representation of individual roughages in the ration in the studied enterprise VOD Velký Bor. The theoretical part is devoted to the problem of dairy cow nutrition, where individual elements of the ration are discussed in individual chapters together with factors affecting the overall efficiency of nutrition. The conclusion of the first chapter is devoted to feeding technique and separate ration, where possible methods of feeding dairy cows are discussed. The second chapter was devoted to separate feeds, describing the distribution of individual feeds, processing methods and the methods used to assess the ability of feeds to meet the nutritional requirements of the animals. In the practical part, the results from the selected farm were analysed, including the average milk yield with milk components for each year and the relationship of their values with the changes in the feed ration was evaluated. The components studied included milk fat content, milk protein content and milk lactose. In the period under review, the most frequent reason for variation was the change in the proportion of straw in the ration, which affected milk yields, for example in 2022 when the difference between the average and the lowest milk yield was 1,95 litres/head/day. For the change in the level of ingredients, the reversal of the proportion of stale clover silage and maize in the ration in 2021 was significant. This change was mainly reflected in the protein content, where the level dropped from an average of 3,99 g.kg-1 to 3,47 g.kg-1. The paper also concludes with recommendations for practice on the issue of ration composition leading to milk yield and milk composition reaching parameters for proper monetization in the dairy industry.
|
|
|
Use of infrared thermography in dairy cow health management
BERÁNKOVÁ, Barbora
The thesis deals with the use of infrared thermography in dairy cow health management. The research part of the thesis focuses on mammary physiology, thermoregulation, and heat stress management. It also outlines the issues of the most common disease in cattle with a focus on mastitis. The second part focuses on infrared thermography. It discusses its importance and application in operation. Subsequent chapters deal with thermographic cameras, the thermogram and the characteristics of live object measurements. The last chapter of the theoretical part focuses on robotic systems and their use in dairy farming. The practical part deals with the use of thermal cameras for mastitis recognition in dairy cows. On average, 800 dairy cows were included in the experiment and the observed data were collected from May 2023 to March 2024. For data evaluation, udder thermograms from dairy cows with the highest and lowest somatic cell counts were selected and compared with each other and statistically evaluated. The results of the experiment showed that the FLIR E96 camera with better resolution had a higher cumulative success rate of 71,43 %, which can already be considered statistically significant. Cohen's Kappa has a value of 0,407, which indicates a good correlation. In the case of the E6 camera, the cumulative success rate of the evaluation was 57,43 %. Cohen's Kappa has a value of 0,132, indicating very little agreement.
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Vliv pohybové aktivity dojnic v krmišti na jejich produkci mléka
Caletková, Jitka
This bachelor's thesis deals with the influence of movement activity of dairy cows in the feedlot on their milk production. The aim was to confirm or disprove the statement that when a dairy cow has more visitors at the trough, she should also have a higher milk yield. Dairy cows were observed at the ZOD Haná, družstvo se sídlem ve Švábenicích, specifically at the VKK Rybníček center with 592 dairy cows. Dairy cows in their first lactation were selected for observation. Observations of dairy cows took place during 2021 (spring, summer and autumn) and 2022 (winter). Each observation during the year contained 12 measurements. The dairy cows that were observed at the trough were entered into the table and subsequently their milk productivity was traced, and the average daily temperature was also entered. The results show that dairy cows that were caught three and four times at the trough had higher milk yields.
|
|
|
Porovnání ekonomiky výroby mléka českého strakatého skotu na dvou farmách
Smolíková, Petra
This thesis deals with the comparison of the economics of milk production of Czech spotted cattle on two farms. The evaluation was based on three years of data from the farms. The results show that there are differences in milk yield and costs between the farms, which lead to differences in profits. The data was processed using tables and graphs to specify the economics of feed day, milk production, turnover per cow. The last part of the paper highlights the average percentage distribution of the cost of production of the enterprises. The total cost per feeding day, litre of milk and dairy cow was an amount ranging from CZK 7.82 to CZK 76.585.11 in the enterprises depending on the factor and enterprise under study. The main percentages of costs were for feed and bedding, on average The size of the holdings ranged from 378 to 520 cows, with daily milk yields of 16.58 to 24.32 litres of milk per cow in the years under review. The findings and recommendations for improving farm profitability are concluded.
|
guest ::
