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The Pralex Lexical Database: a tool and basis for the research and description of the contemporary Czech lexis
Světlá, Jindra
The program part of the lexical database was developed as the Mozilla Firefox application (2005-2006); the processing software is designed as a modern lexicographic workstation. Since 2007, we have gradually complemented the database with the lexicographicallly relevant data (research project Creation of a Lexical Database of the Czech Language of the Beginning of the 21st Century, 2005-2011). We have focused predominantly on detailed treatment of the example part, which demonstrates the breadth of the collocability of the lemmas.
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The use of correspondence surveys in dialect geografy research
Bachmannová, Jarmila
The article deals with the beginnings of a systematic exploration of our dialects by the method of correspondence inquiries, organized by the Institute of the Czech Language in the middle of the 20th century. It enlightens the way of current electronic processing of chosen geolinguistic data, worked in the form of isoglosses into the geographic information system GIS, and evaluates the results of the correspondence inguiries in comparison with the previous research done by A. Frinta (1913) as well as with the research done for the Czech Linguistic Atlas (1965–1972).
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The oldest Czech Bible translation as a source of information on historical Czech
Kreisingerová, Hana ; Pytlíková, Markéta
This article focuses on the edition of the first Old Czech translation of the Bible from the 14th century, describing it from the first attempts to the modern critical edition of Vladimír Kyas, Staročeská Bible drážďanská a olomoucká. Kritické vydání nejstaršího překladu bible ze 14. století (4 volumes, 1981 – 1996). After the death of the editor, the edition remained uncompleted for some time, lacking the intended fifth volume (Isaiah – 2 Maccabees). This remaining part was completed by a four-member team led by Dr. J. Pečírková and published in 2009. The methods used for the preparation of the last volume, regarding the specifics of the edited biblial books, are described in the second part of the article.
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Computer Processing of Language Data: New Challenges in Language Cultivation
Pravdová, Markéta
This article deals with computer processing of language data at the Prague language consulting centre. In the period from 1998 to 2010 there were 71,500 queries sent by electronic mail to the language consulting centre of the Institute of the Czech Language. These queries have become the basis for the Internet Language Reference Book. Between 2009 and 2010, the reference book website registered 10 million visits from 500 thousand unique visitors. This large volume of requests for information regarding the Czech language – asked via e-mail, web interface or telephone – demonstrates a lively public interest in the Czech language, and it has become an important source of data regarding the current usage of the language. What are the next steps in and aims of language consulting? What is the status of internet sources vis-a-vis linguistic codification of Czech? Can these tools contribute to bridging the gap between the norm and codification?
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The history of the Czech Linguistic Atlas
Konečná, Hana ; Ireinová, Martina
The Czech Linguistic Atlas (of which 5 volumes were published between 1992–2005, and Supplements in 2011) gives a comprehensive and in-depth view of the territorial diversity of Czech dialects and of common speech. The Atlas is based on the results of an extensive research carried out at the territory of the Czech national language (1964–1972).
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The Czech Linguistic Atlas and the Czech language
Kloferová, Stanislava
Czech Linguistic Atlas represents the state of the Czech dialects at the end of the 20th century. Its original conception allows for clear presentation and explanation of the tendencies taking place in our dialects since the Middle Ages. From the areal perspective, it is thus possible to give reasons, for instance, for shifts in the grammatical plane, for specifics of the lexicon, but also for the existence of dialectal transitions which are known as well as not yet known. There is no doubt the Atlas is useful for interdisciplinary studies, particularly for those oriented diachronically (e.g. etymological or onomastic ones). The work is also valuable for the study of present-day Czech – for understanding of normative/codification regulations/rules or for the development and the form of ordinary speech.
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Dialectology and the Dictionary of Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms
Čižmárová, Libuše
The paper presents the methodology used in the Dictionary of Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms (minor place names). The origin and word-formational and grammatical characteristics of the names can only be disclosed by knowing the development of the dialect in Moravia and Silesia. The computer program offers a possibility to generate maps enabling comparison with dialect maps contained in the Czech Linguistic Atlas.
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Types of the dialect dictionaries
Šipková, Milena
The author characterizes some possible types of differential dialect dictionaries and draws attention to their advantages and disadvantages. In opposition to these, she places the comprehensive compilation of an extensive dialect material in the form of a dictionary: on the one hand, she points out its problems, difficulties, even risks, on the other hand, its indisputable values.
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Style, register, dialogue
Čmejrková, Světla
The object of analysis in this paper is a television interview between a moderator and two candidates for the senate, one of which is a politician, the other an actor. The selection of differing communicative styles, the first of which utilizes the knowledge of institutional discourse and the second of which emphasizes personal engagement, is accompanied by the selection of differing registers (institutional and subjective) and linguistic codes (literary Czech vs. non-literary Czech). The paper analyzes the dialogic overtones in their conflicting turns and focuses on the interpretation of the dialogical style which arises in their interaction.
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The syntactic stylistics of spoken Czech
Hoffmannová, Jana
This paper is stimulated by the ideas of Karel Hausenblas, the work of Olga Müllerová and the research on the syntax of Czech dialects (J. Balhar, J. Chloupek, M. Šipková and others). It presents a catalogue of phenomena and means of expression which mark the syntax of spoken Czech and devotes attention above all to: a) special syntactic constructions b) the varying formation of transitions between syntactic units in spoken expression (sharply structured transitions) and in written expression (softer, less apparent transitions, couched or “stuck” with numerous redundant means with non-definite semantics); that is, differences in the degree and type of cohesion, connection, or glutination between written and spoken expression c) differences between condensed, constricted written syntax and the relaxed structure of syntactic units in spoken Czech (with the prevalence of parataxis and juxtaposition). The paper views the syntactic differences between written and spoken expression as stylistic differences. It is based on data from various corpora of spoken Czech (including the Prague Dependency Treebank of Spoken Czech) and on the comparison of written and spoken narrative by the same speaker/author.
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