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Demographic changes and the sustainability of pension systems
Tydlačková, Ivana ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Brabcová, Pavlína (referee)
Master thesis provides an overview of demographic development and its relations to the sustainability of the pension systems. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the description of demographical processes and its main characteristics since the year 1989 and prognoses of its future development in Czech Republic. Later on, the theoretical knowledge gained in the first part is interconnected with the description of the pension system, as defined in Czech Republic and as valid since 1st of January, 2013. In practical part of the thesis the main focus is given to the calculations of sustainability of the pension system. The calculations are performed at the model situation, based at the pension system as defined in Czech Republic, but adjusted for some simplifying facts and premises. The calculations are provided for few different situations, when the revenues and expenses of the first pillar of the pension system are calculated. Based on the development of revenues and expenses, the percentage of people, that are supposed to enter the second, fully funded, pillar is calculated. The percentage is calculated in situation when the revenues are equal to the expenses and therefore the PAYG part of the pension system is sustainable in the long run.
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Vliv daní na účetní závěrku sestavenou v souladu s IFRS
Tydlačková, Ivana ; Vašek, Libor (advisor) ; Žárová, Marcela (referee)
The master's thesis focuses on the impact taxes have on the financial statements prepared under IFRS. The theoretical part of the thesis provides a theoretical background of direct and indirect taxes from different points of view. The brief characteristic of each tax according to a tax theory is completed with the current development and the accounting for the tax. In practical part of the thesis the case of real entity reporting under IFRS as well as under the Czech national legislation is discussed. Financial Statements prepared by the chosen entity, České dráhy, a.s., are assessed in relation to the taxation and its predictive ability.
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Development of tax structures of the European Union countries from 1990
Tydlačková, Ivana ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Květa, Kubátová (referee)
Bachelor thesis includes an assessement of the development of tax structures in the selected five countries of the European Union from 1990 to the present. They are the Czech Republic, Greece, Slovakia, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Part of this work is theoretical introduction, in which they are given basic knowledge of the tax quota, the tax mix, tax reforms and the factors which affect the state's tax revenues. The main objective of this work is to describe the evolution of tax mixes and tax quotas of each countries. Subsequently, the thesis includes a comparison and evaluation of overall trends of the tax quotas and the tax mixes.
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