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Music in ritual. Ritual of Music.
Švandová, Michaela ; Tyllner, Lubomír (advisor) ; Traxler, Jiří (referee)
This dissertation deals with ritual and its connection to music. The objective of the research and the studies of selected rituals is to describe the relations between ritual and the music- dance elements within it. The dissertation focuses on musical expression. In the dissertation we describe a few traditional rituals from the European cultural heritage, and also some selected examples of secular ceremonies in relation to them. Sources of information include field research, studies of authentic ritual (filmed by Lubomír Tyllner), as well as specialist literature. The concept of "ritual" means, for us, a performance, a symbolic activity, the aim of which is to create and to consolidate social bonds, and to regulate, conserve and transmit social habits and manners. It prescribes behavior which should help an individual to win favour with supernatural powers, or which could have a positive effect on achieving an intended goal. The important part of the ritual is the concept of "liminality", and in addition "The communitas" status of the community. Victor Turner, who studied these aspects of ritual in detail, distinguished the term "ritual" from "secular ceremony" by the existence of liminality. In ritual and secular ceremony music performs many functions, and seems to be a very essential part of...
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The phenomenon of Tarantism and the traditional musical and dancing style of Pizzica in the south-italian region of Puglia
Kobyláková, Irena ; Traxler, Jiří (referee) ; Tyllner, Lubomír (advisor)
The diploma work called The Phenomenon of Tarantism and the Traditional Musical and Dancing style of Pizzica in the South-Italian Region of Puglia by BcA. Irena N. Kobyláková analyses two basic cultural topics typical for the South-Italian region of Puglia from ethnological point of view, tarantism and pizzica, which complement each other. In the first part the author treats the process of tarantism, i.e. of a psychosomatic disease which was healed by musical and dance therapy in a frenetic rhythm of pizzica created by drumming on a tambourine. The work analyses the causes of the disease, which are symbolically substituted by a poisonous spider, reveals the process and the therapy of the disease, the relationship of an afflicted person to the mythical spider, as well as to Saint Paul, the patron of the poisoned. The second half of the work involves a musical and dance analysis of tarantella of Salento called pizzica, namely its three kinds, the pizzica tarantata, the passionate pizzica and the gesticulated pizzica. This part is complemented by a report about the contemporary happenning, popularity and use of pizzica in Puglia. A report of own field research in the region, which took place during years 2003 - 2009 is part of the thesis as well. The purpose of the diploma work was to bring forth an issue...
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