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Molecular identification of purebredness and kinship of the Philippine crocodile (\kur{Crocodylus mindorensis}) and the Cuban crocodile (\kur{C. rhombifer}) for \kur{ex situ} conservation management
STRAKOVÁ, Helena
The current status of crocodilians recognizes them as a group under serious threat due to their habitat destruction and illegal poaching for their lucrative products. In addition to these threats, the elimination of spatial and temporal boundaries through modern anthropogenic pressures has facilitated hybridization in crocodiles by bringing together species that would otherwise not breed due to lack of opportunity. Here analyzed crocodiles, the Philippine crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis) and the Cuban crocodile (Crocodylus rhombifer) are critically endangered and listed in CITES Appendix I. This study deals with a significant portion of the Philippine and Cuban crocodile captive population in Europe based on mtDNA, nucDNA and microsatellites. The species genetical purity of 13 specimen of C. mindorensis was determined on the ground of testing maternally inherited mitochondrial gene cytochrome b and and D-loop loci from the mitochondrial control region as well as two nuclear markers, LDHA and C-mos. Also the purity of 11 out of mentioned 13 individuals on the basis of several (7) microsatellite loci, while possibly confirming a supposed hybrid origin of two crocodiles with mixed morphotype. Then a purity of 4 samples of the Cuban crocodile was verified with cyt b gene and nuclear DNA purity of all 7 tested individuals with LDHA gene and 13 microsatellites. Based on the obtained genetic characters I proceeded a likely kinship of the two groups of crocodiles and subsequently suggested an optimal breeding management within the ex-situ conservation
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Hybrid zone of the fire-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata in southern Bohemia
STRAKOVÁ, Helena
In this paper I focused on the examination of chosen localities inside the hybrid zone of the fire-bellied toads, where the occurrence of these species and their hybrids was confirmed in previous research. The goal is to follow the development of these habitats, suitable for the presence of a threatened species, and trends in quantities of these toads. Another aim was to calculate the hybrid index of each individual based on the ventral spots and so to classify the populations on each locality according to species.
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Revision of localities of Bombina bombina/B. variegata hybrid zone south of České Budějovice.
STRAKOVÁ, Helena
The goal of this paper was to revise the localities where the occurrence of fire-bellied toads was confirmed by earlier research. Specifically it covers the state of localities and a number of individuals, who inhabit them according to the previously found data. First of all I wanted to find out whether the floods which took place here or some other causes of the decline of amphibian population left some impact or if the localities are given some protectionist care. The revision was accomplished in several localities chosen from the works of Horak, Havelkova, and Stefka. I took picture of the places, measured the pH of the water and captured all the fire-bellied toads which could be found here. I documented everything photographically for identification and I took a sample of their tissue. Then I released toads again. Alltogether I revised 14 localities where the occurrence of some of the local kinds of fire-bellied toads was previously confirmed. Two of them can be considered defunct from the point of view of the occurence the amphibians. Another seven were repeatedly without any findings and therefore we can also consider them defunct. I would define three of the spots stable even though one of them went through a physical change and yet it shows a stable occurrence of the toads. One of the localities has changed very positively in terms of the occurence of the fire-bellied toads. It is also positive that we have found another new locality.
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