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Stress of mothers on parental leave from returning to work.
PODROUŽKOVÁ, Nikola
The aim of the thesis is to describe factors influencing the stress of mothers on parental leave from returning to work. According to the aim of the thesis, the research question was set: What socio-demographic factors affect the stress of mothers on parental leave from returning to work? The following hypotheses were established based on the research question: H1: Mothers with lower educational attainment are more stressed than mothers with higher educational attainment. H2: Mothers living in the village are more stressed than mothers living in the city or town. H3: Younger mothers on parental leave are more stressed by returning to work than older mothers on parental leave. A quantitative research strategy was chosen to achieve the aim of the thesis. The research was carried out by means of a survey method using a standardized questionnaire consisting of questions created by the researcher and a Czech version of the Perceived Stress Scale. The questionnaire was published only in electronic form on a website where women on parental leave associate. The research group consisted of 714 mothers on parental leave living in Vlašim and surroundings. Data analysis was evaluated using descriptive statistics in MS Excel program. Subsequent hypothesis testing was performed in the SPSS Statistics program. The research shows that the first hypothesis results in low correlation. The hypothesis is therefore supported. Mothers with lower educational attainment are more stressed than mothers with higher educational attainment. In the second hypothesis, a t-test was used for the evaluation of two independent research groups. The results show no statistically significant relationship. In the last - third hypothesis, two variables were tested, and the result shows no significant relationship in statistics. The research outcomes could contribute to a greater understanding of mothers on parental leave, which are stressed by returning to work. Women should be more aware of the opportunities that employers can adapt their working conditions and allow mothers to work part-time while on parental leave so their return into employment after parental leave is easier. The research could also serve as a feedback for Labor Offices, which register these mothers, or for the respondents themselves or for other entities dealing with the Act on State Social Support and the Labor Code.
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Digital media and their effects on presence socially pathological phenomena on children.
PODROUŽKOVÁ, Nikola
Currently, digital media affect life of every individual. In many ways, this kind of media is taken as the support of our lives but they may encounter some risks when being used for a long time. This bachelor thesis demonstrates that digital media has a significant negative impact on individual behaviour, communication and social interactions in society. Inappropriate use of this type of media may lead to addiction, which can be compared to addiction to narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The human brain when under pressure does not develop and forms no memory traces significantly it affects learning. Insomnia, depression, obesity these are all negative consequences of human organism when overusing digital media. If children have to face these issues, their development is greatly threatened - both mentally and physically. No wonder then that the social workers have to deal with attacks or other deterrent cases where a child is affected by computer game or television series. It is proven that the time spent using digital media is still growing. People are less willing to work and solve problems in the real world and seek solace in the virtual one. Major phenomenon are also social networks where people are completely losing their privacy. Especially for children who are very gullible this area of media is totally inappropriate. Because of all these issues, the teachers or social workers in social services must deal with problems related to cyberbullying or other forms of ridicule on the internet. The aim of this work is to describe digital media and their impact on occurrence of social pathological phenomena in children and to emphasize digital media as one of the very current topic the society should be speaking about especially with experts. Using these media has a huge impact on youth and therefore there are many new cases when the clients are seeking help because of their problems with addiction on digital media or because of the problems which are caused by them. In the bachelor thesis the data are collected in the form of quantitative research survey which took place in the Elementary School Sídliště Vlašim. Multivariate data from the questionnaires were processed by correspondence analysis (CCA) in program Canoco. Statistical results showed that both hypothesis were supported gender of a child is related to a certain type of activities on the internet and with increasing age also grow the time spent using the internet for fun (playing PC games) in both genders. Experts demonstrate the negative impact of excessive use of digital media. At present, we should raise awareness among users of media about the possible risks and expand preventative measures to precede the digital addiction.
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