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Vyhodnocení variabilní aplikace hnojiv ve vybraném zemědělském podniku
Necid, Václav
Precision agriculture with a focus on variable fertilization offers a sustainable approach to optimizing crop yields and minimizing environmental impact. This study aims to explore and evaluate the effectiveness of variable fertilizer application, assess its potential impacts on future agriculture, and guide sustainable and profitable agricultural practices. The objectives of this work include an extensive literature review on precision agriculture, plant nutrition with phosphorus and potassium, as well as an evaluation of the benefits of variable application of phosphate and potassium fertilizers. Field trials conducted between 2019 and 2021 on selected agricultural land with a total area of 103.09 hectares involved soil sample collection and the processing of results using the IDW interpolation method. In 2019 and 2020, variable application of stock fertilizers TSP (Triple Superphosphate) and DS (Potassium Salt) was carried out according to the created application maps and the given nutrient recommendation for the main cultivated crop, with a correction of the nutrient supply dose in the soil. The application was carried out using a Terra-Gator 8203 machine and an AirMax 2000 pneumatic spreader. Thanks to the RTK system and RAVEN GPS navigation, it was possible to achieve precise and uniform fertilizer application. The thesis includes an evaluation and determination of the value of spatial unevenness (coefficient of variation) of the land, indicating that targeted variable fertilizer application leads to a leveling of agrochemical properties of the soil. The economic evaluation of variable application showed that the yields of harvested crops were higher than the company's average, indicating efficient fertilizer use. The conclusion of the work compares the differences in costs between uniform and variable application.
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Tradiční a moderní způsoby přípravy osiva polních plodin
Necid, Václav
The bachelor thesis deals with the traditional and modern method of seed crop preparation. In the introduction of the thesis, the issue of seed production and its legal regulations is discussed, both at the level of the Czech Republic and in selected European countries. Agrotechnical differences are described in conventional and alternative seed production systems. Traditional and modern methods of seed treatment are described and their applicability and efficiency are evaluated on examples from agricultural practice. At the end of the thesis is described the research task. The aim of the research was to verify the effect of special treatment of seeds - plasma surface treatment and other seed treatments on germination and emergence of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). The work uses professional books and magazines and available internet resources. The experiment was realized in the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics at the Department of Crop Science, Plant Breeding and Plant Medicine, AF MENDELU. In the experiment, seeds of winter wheat (variety Julie) treated with various variants of treatment were used. The germination rate determination results showed that K2 (Vitavax 2000 and TERRA-SORB foliar) had the highest germination percentage (98.75%), while P2 (low-temperature plasma and Vitavax 2000 and TERRA-SORB foliar and BlackJak) had the lowest germination percentage (88.75 %). Low-temperature plasma (LTP) treatment of seeds has no effect on the elimination of pathogens compared to variants where Vitavax 2000 was used.
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