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Urinary tract infections in pregnancy
MIHULCOVÁ, Monika
This bachelor thesis deals with urinary tract infections in pregnancy. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases in the human population. During pregnancy, this disease can cause undesirable complications for both the mother and the fetus, which could be fatal in serious cases. The work is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy and physiology of the urinary tract, changes in the urinary tract during pregnancy, urinary tract infections and its diagnosis, midwife care for women with urinary tract infections, prevention of urinary tract infections and midwifery education. In the empirical part of this work, two goals were chosen. Firstly, to find out the level of pregnant women's knowledge about the prevention of urinary tract infection and secondly to find out their level of knowledge about the risk to the fetus and mother in urinary tract infection during pregnancy. We wondered whether or not pregnant women knew how to behave to prevent a urinary tract infection, and also whether they knew the risks associated with the infection. Based on these goals, two hypotheses were chosen. H1: Pregnant women with higher education are more informed about the prevention of urinary tract infections than pregnant women with lower education. H2: Pregnant women with higher education are more aware of the risks to both the fetus and the mother caused by urinary tract infections than pregnant women with lower education. The research was conducted in a quantitative form, using a questionnaire. The evaluation of the questionnaire was carried out with the help of the right-tailed Student's t-distribution. The research group consisted of 237 pregnant women who were active on online social groups for pregnant women. Respondents who filled in at the beginning of the questionnaire that they were not pregnant were not included in the research group. Most respondents were from the age group of 21-30. This group consisted of 74.68% of respondents. Most respondents (45.57%) stated their highest achieved education to be the secondary education completed with a General Certificate of Secondary Education. 84.39% of respondents knew the concept of urinary tract infection. 73.00% of respondents knew that UTI is mostly caused by bacteria. 88.19% of respondents knew cranberry as a crop that helps prevent UTI. 92.83% of respondents knew that daily showering helps prevent UTI. The research confirmed both hypotheses to be true - H1: that women with higher education are better informed about both the prevention of urinary tract infections and the H2: risks to the fetus and the mother from urinary tract infections during pregnancy. The output of this work is an information leaflet, which briefly summarizes the risks to the fetus and mother in urinary tract infections during pregnancy and draws attention to the prevention of urinary tract infections. The results of this work can serve as an information source for pregnant women, women of reproductive age, midwives and to educate students of midwifery.
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