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Diagnostic potential of extracellular vesicles
 Klementová, Helena ; Holada, Karel (advisor) ; Živný, Jan (referee)
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membrane particles produced by cells. Many published papers describe changes in the level of EV in body fluids under various pathological conditions. In our study, we analyzed the numbers of EV in the peripheral blood of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and in the umbilical cord blood of preterm newborns with inflammation using flow cytometry. We extensively optimized the detection method and verified the presence of EV in the samples using electron microscopy. We found a reduced number of T-cell and phosphatidylserine-positive EV in patients with newly diagnosed MS compared to healthy blood donors. In MS patients requiring a change in the treatment, the number of B-cell EV was lower compared to neurological controls. Similarly, the level of endothelial EV was lower in MS patients receiving Natalizumab treatment. In the umbilical cord blood of preterm newborns with inflammation, we observed significantly increased numbers of placental, endothelial and platelet EV compared to preterm newborns without inflammation. Compared to the full-term controls, the changes in EV numbers were not significant. The number of endothelial EV in umbilical cord blood correlated with the concentration of IL-6 in the venous blood of newborns. Likewise, the number of platelet and...
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