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Nitric oxide - an indicator for severity of injury in polytrauma
Beitl, Evžen ; Hoch, Jiří (advisor) ; Cvachovec, Karel (referee) ; Zeman, Miroslav (referee)
- Part I (clinical study) Background: Patients with injuries to multiple organs or organ systems are in a serious risk of shock, multiorgan failure and death. Although there are scoring systems available to assess the extent of polytrauma and guide prognosis, their usefulness is limited by their considerably subjective nature. As the production of nitric oxide (NO) by many cell types is elevated by tissue injury, we hypothesized that serum concentration of NO (and its oxidation products, NOx) represents a suitable marker of polytrauma correlating with prognosis. We wanted to prove that nitric oxide can serve as an indicator for severity of injury in polytrauma. Methods: We measured serum NOx and standard biochemical parameters in 93 patients with various degrees of polytrauma, 15 patients with minor injuries and 20 healthy volunteers. Results: On admission, serum NOx was higher in patients with moderate polytrauma than in both controls and patients with minor injury, and it was even higher in patients with severe polytrauma. Surprisingly, NOx on admission was normal in the group of patients that required cardiopulmonary resuscitation or died within 48 hours after admission. In groups where it was elevated on admission, serum NOx dropped to normal values within 12 hours. Blood lactate levels on...
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Determination of tumor mRNA in colorectal cancer as screening and forecasting methods
Rupert, Karel ; Holubec, Luboš (advisor) ; Hoch, Jiří (referee) ; Pešková, Marie (referee) ; Dostalík, Jan (referee)
The level of MMP-7, TIMP-1 and MMP-2 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the tumour tissue of colorectal carcinoma than in normal colorectal tissue. It could be possible to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases activity using appropriate antibodies, which could have therapeutic effect on tumour tissue and its vicinity. Some of the preparations are being tested (Bay 12-9566 /Bayer/, BB94 /British Biotechnology/). We have not proved correlation between expression of these genes and disease stage and diagnosis. We have succeeded to prove that if the surgical principles for colon resection performed due to colorectal carcinoma are observed, the resection line does not show any signs of the presence of tumour cells - mRNA for CEA is not present. The level of mRNA for TIMP-1 is present in the resection line at lower levels than in tumour tissue, and this is due to the role that TIMP- 1 plays in the colon. Its level increases not only in all tumour diseases, but also in inflammatory diseases of the colon. The question whether the expression of mRNA for TIMP-1 is also increased outside the resection line and therefore it is a reaction of the colon as an organ will be subject to further research, as will be a potential comparison with samples of colon unaffected by tumour or inflammation. Although the...
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Nitric oxide - an indicator for severity of injury in polytrauma
Beitl, Evžen ; Hoch, Jiří (advisor) ; Cvachovec, Karel (referee) ; Zeman, Miroslav (referee)
- Part I (clinical study) Background: Patients with injuries to multiple organs or organ systems are in a serious risk of shock, multiorgan failure and death. Although there are scoring systems available to assess the extent of polytrauma and guide prognosis, their usefulness is limited by their considerably subjective nature. As the production of nitric oxide (NO) by many cell types is elevated by tissue injury, we hypothesized that serum concentration of NO (and its oxidation products, NOx) represents a suitable marker of polytrauma correlating with prognosis. We wanted to prove that nitric oxide can serve as an indicator for severity of injury in polytrauma. Methods: We measured serum NOx and standard biochemical parameters in 93 patients with various degrees of polytrauma, 15 patients with minor injuries and 20 healthy volunteers. Results: On admission, serum NOx was higher in patients with moderate polytrauma than in both controls and patients with minor injury, and it was even higher in patients with severe polytrauma. Surprisingly, NOx on admission was normal in the group of patients that required cardiopulmonary resuscitation or died within 48 hours after admission. In groups where it was elevated on admission, serum NOx dropped to normal values within 12 hours. Blood lactate levels on...
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Determination of tumor mRNA in colorectal cancer as screening and forecasting methods
Rupert, Karel ; Holubec, Luboš (advisor) ; Hoch, Jiří (referee) ; Pešková, Marie (referee) ; Dostalík, Jan (referee)
The level of MMP-7, TIMP-1 and MMP-2 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the tumour tissue of colorectal carcinoma than in normal colorectal tissue. It could be possible to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases activity using appropriate antibodies, which could have therapeutic effect on tumour tissue and its vicinity. Some of the preparations are being tested (Bay 12-9566 /Bayer/, BB94 /British Biotechnology/). We have not proved correlation between expression of these genes and disease stage and diagnosis. We have succeeded to prove that if the surgical principles for colon resection performed due to colorectal carcinoma are observed, the resection line does not show any signs of the presence of tumour cells - mRNA for CEA is not present. The level of mRNA for TIMP-1 is present in the resection line at lower levels than in tumour tissue, and this is due to the role that TIMP- 1 plays in the colon. Its level increases not only in all tumour diseases, but also in inflammatory diseases of the colon. The question whether the expression of mRNA for TIMP-1 is also increased outside the resection line and therefore it is a reaction of the colon as an organ will be subject to further research, as will be a potential comparison with samples of colon unaffected by tumour or inflammation. Although the...
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