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New bone production and regeneration using stem cells
Klíma, Karel ; Foltán, René (advisor) ; Bulik, Oliver (referee) ; Németh, Tibor (referee)
Introduction: A lack of bone mass poses limits on treatment in maxillofacial surgery, orthopaedics and traumatology. This post-gradual research aimed to confirm the hypothesis that inorganic or organic non-cellular bone matrix could act as a carrier for autologous stem cells able to differentiate into osteoblasts as well as to verify whether we could accelerate regeneration of the augmentation and the healing process, resulting in improving the bone quality. Materials and methods: Regenerative properties of the bone were explored using bone marrow stem cells with hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate in a rat bone defect and spinal fusion model. A simple spinal fusion model was induced in a rat capable of easy reproduction, with the least possible mortality and morbidity. After the 8-week experiment, the rodents were euthanized. All samples were analyzed using micro-CT and histomorphometry. Results: The research on a rat bone defect showed that stem cells with hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate led to a significantly higher bone regeneration. It was proved that a higher concentration of stem cells caused a bigger body mass increase. The research on a spinal fusion model demonstrated that stem cells reduced inflammation and improved bone quality but did not significantly accelerate bone...
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Evaluation of the stability of osteosynthesis of mandibular ramus sagittal split osteotomy
Nieblerová, Jiřina ; Mazánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Dostálová, Taťjana (referee) ; Bulik, Oliver (referee)
Orthognatic surgery deals with congenital and acquired dentoalveolar or skeletal deformities of the face. An unfavourable downward rotation of a mandible and posterior vertical maxillary excess cause an anterior open bite, which is characterized by excessive anterior facial height in the lower third, a gap between the incisors in maximal occlusion and a large mandibular angle. Osteotomy (mainly Le Fort I osteotomy or bilateral sagittal split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus - BSSO), ostectomy or distraction osteogenesis are performed to correct the orthognatic deformities. Osteosynthetic materials based on titanium or bioresorbable materials are used in the form of miniplates with monocortical screws, or bicortical screws are utilized to fix the bony fragments. Stability of the new jaws position is the main criterion for success. Relapse causes a loss of occlusion and consequently functional and aesthetic disorders. Relapse consists of skeletal and dental factors. Skeletal relapse is usually divided into early and long-term relapse. BSSO with counter-clockwise (CCW) rotation of the occlusal plane alone was traditionally considered to be the least stable treatment method. Some authors suggest the use of two miniplates on each side of the osteotomy, but we have not found scientific proof of the...
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Preclinical use and critical evaluation of micro-CT from the perspective of oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Bartoš, Martin ; Foltán, René (advisor) ; Naňka, Ondřej (referee) ; Bulik, Oliver (referee)
The preclinical imaging method micro-CT (microtomography) allows the visualization and quantification of the structure of samples at a resolution of micrometers. Its' importance is increasing globally. In addition to several advantages (non-destructive, the possibility of direct 3D analysis, time efficiency, etc.), micro-CT also has some significant limitations (problematic validation of results, image artifacts, significant influence of image modifications, etc.). This thesis focuses on the application of micro-CT in the field of research and development of metallic and non-metallic materials promoting bone healing with their possible clinical applications. The first part addresses the limitations of micro-CT through several studies. A comparison of pore sizes in biomaterials utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-CT was performed, and the complications of pore size evaluation were presented. SEM image analysis leads to significantly higher values than micro-CT (approximately three times), which allows for comparison of the studies using only one of these methods. Validation of micro-CT 3D analysis results based on calibration phantoms with complex structure, to date, is not possible. We therefore developed software generating phantom datasets of 3D objects with well-defined...
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New bone production and regeneration using stem cells
Klíma, Karel ; Foltán, René (advisor) ; Bulík, Oliver (referee) ; Németh, Tibor (referee)
Introduction: A lack of bone mass poses limits on treatment in maxillofacial surgery, orthopaedics and traumatology. This post-gradual research aimed to confirm the hypothesis that inorganic or organic non-cellular bone matrix could act as a carrier for autologous stem cells able to differentiate into osteoblasts as well as to verify whether we could accelerate regeneration of the augmentation and the healing process, resulting in improving the bone quality. Materials and methods: Regenerative properties of the bone were explored using bone marrow stem cells with hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate in a rat bone defect and spinal fusion model. A simple spinal fusion model was induced in a rat capable of easy reproduction, with the least possible mortality and morbidity. After the 8-week experiment, the rodents were euthanized. All samples were analyzed using micro-CT and histomorphometry. Results: The research on a rat bone defect showed that stem cells with hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate led to a significantly higher bone regeneration. It was proved that a higher concentration of stem cells caused a bigger body mass increase. The research on a spinal fusion model demonstrated that stem cells reduced inflammation and improved bone quality but did not significantly accelerate bone...
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Evaluation of the stability of osteosynthesis of mandibular ramus sagittal split osteotomy
Nieblerová, Jiřina ; Mazánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Dostálová, Taťjána (referee) ; Bulík, Oliver (referee)
Orthognatic surgery deals with congenital and acquired dentoalveolar or skeletal deformities of the face. An unfavourable downward rotation of a mandible and posterior vertical maxillary excess cause an anterior open bite, which is characterized by excessive anterior facial height in the lower third, a gap between the incisors in maximal occlusion and a large mandibular angle. Osteotomy (mainly Le Fort I osteotomy or bilateral sagittal split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus - BSSO), ostectomy or distraction osteogenesis are performed to correct the orthognatic deformities. Osteosynthetic materials based on titanium or bioresorbable materials are used in the form of miniplates with monocortical screws, or bicortical screws are utilized to fix the bony fragments. Stability of the new jaws position is the main criterion for success. Relapse causes a loss of occlusion and consequently functional and aesthetic disorders. Relapse consists of skeletal and dental factors. Skeletal relapse is usually divided into early and long-term relapse. BSSO with counter-clockwise (CCW) rotation of the occlusal plane alone was traditionally considered to be the least stable treatment method. Some authors suggest the use of two miniplates on each side of the osteotomy, but we have not found scientific proof of the...
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