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Hydrogel Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering
Chocholatá, Petra ; Babuška, Václav (advisor) ; Kovařík, Tomáš (referee) ; Pešta, Martin (referee)
Bone tissue engineering attempts to mimic the natural behavior of hard connective tissues. Currently, there is an active research and development of new functional materials in this field. The main direction in the treatment of bone tissue defects is the use of biodegradable composite materials based on biopolymers enriched with an inorganic component, possibly in combination with a cellular component. In general, hydrogels play an important role in tissue engineering due to their properties, as they can respond relatively well to changes in environmental conditions and are used as a suitable medium for cells to grow and proliferate. Structure of hydrogels also allows nutrients and waste products to diffuse, and the last but not least, thanks to this they can also serve as drug carries. A major advantage of hydrogels is that they can be injected with subsequent in situ gelation. In this work, physically cross-linked hydrogels based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in different volume ratios enriched with hydroxyapatite (HAp), an inorganic component inherent to bone tissue, were compared. Incorporation of HAp into the organic matrix was performed in two different ways, by in situ synthesis directly in the PVA/HA matrix and by physical mixing of pre-prepared HAp. The composition of...
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Biocompatibility of Implantable MaterialsFocused on Titanium Dental Implants
Moztarzadeh, Amin ; Babuška, Václav (advisor) ; Hrušák, Daniel (referee) ; Chocholatý, Ondřej (referee)
This dissertation thesis deals with the evaluation of biocompatibility and osseointegration of nanostructured titanium materials used for dental implants. Bulk material topography and surface modification of titanium are currently of intense research mainly due to the significant impact on biocompatibility and improvement of osseointegration of dental implants. In the theoretical part are described types of titanium material and different methods of its surface modification. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and osseointegration tests are described as well. The experimental work consists of two parts of experiments. In the first experiment, we examined how grain size of nanostructured titanium material influences the behaviour of fibroblastic as well as osteoblastic cells growth on its surface. The experimentally obtained data were statistically analysed and discussed. Grain size was proven to be an important factor that influenced not only the strength of material but also its interactions with cells. The second experiment describes current methods used in the experimental evaluation of osseointegration of dental implants. The results of histological staining methods are illustrated and compared. A standardized and reproducible technique for stereological quantification of bone-implant contact...
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Biocompatibility of Implantable Materials Focused on Titanium Dental Implants
Moztarzadeh, Amin ; Babuška, Václav (advisor) ; Hrušák, Daniel (referee) ; Chocholatý, Ondřej (referee)
This dissertation thesis deals with the evaluation of biocompatibility and osseointegration of nanostructured titanium materials used for dental implants. Bulk material topography and surface modification of titanium are currently of intense research mainly due to the significant impact on biocompatibility and improvement of osseointegration of dental implants. In the theoretical part are described types of titanium material and different methods of its surface modification. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and osseointegration tests are described as well. The experimental work consists of two parts of experiments. In the first experiment, we examined how grain size of nanostructured titanium material influences the behaviour of fibroblastic as well as osteoblastic cells growth on its surface. The experimentally obtained data were statistically analysed and discussed. Grain size was proven to be an important factor that influenced not only the strength of material but also its interactions with cells. The second experiment describes current methods used in the experimental evaluation of osseointegration of dental implants. The results of histological staining methods are illustrated and compared. A standardized and reproducible technique for stereological quantification of bone-implant contact...
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