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Modelling of pressure equipment bolted flange connections
Kolátor, Matyáš ; Pernica, Marek (referee) ; Létal, Tomáš (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with computational modeling of flange connections. Due to its separability, bolted flange connections are a frequently used in piping systems or pressure vessels. For the right functionality of the connection, it is necessary to ensure the required tightness. In order to be able to describe the tightness, it is necessary to know the stresses and deformations in all parts of the connection. These days, standard calculation methods are at a high level of accuracy, on the other hand, in order to achieve this accuracy, they have to follow a lot of corrections, in which the original model based on the strength of material theory should be lost. The aim of bachelor thesis is to create computational models based on the strength of materials theory. Computational models are created to illustrate the application of strength of materials theory. At the end of the thesis, the results using several models will be summarized and compared.
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Pressure vessels loaded by external pressure
Paták, Roman ; Létal, Tomáš (referee) ; Lošák, Pavel (advisor)
This final thesis addresses the approach of standards and software for calculation of pressure vessels loaded by external pressure and a design of own calculation software, including a demonstration on chosen geometry. The approaches of standards and software are solved in the form of research. The practical part describes the developed software, selected technologies for development and results of the demonstration. The demonstration was carried out on two geometries and was successful.
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Photobioreactor aeration optimization using image analysis
Hruška, Kryštof ; Létal, Tomáš (referee) ; Naď, Martin (advisor)
This diploma thesis summarizes the knowledge about microalgae, their use, cultivation methods and obstacles that prevent their wider use. In the practical part of the work, a device was designed, constructed, and programmed. This device can analyze the bubbles of the tubular photobioreactor and, based on the obtained data, control its aeration. The Python programming language was used to create the program and the OpenCV library was used to analyze the photographs. The bubble detection is based on the edge detection and the subsequent refinement. The data obtained from the analysis are displayed on the device screen and the data are also stored in a csv file. The discussion lists possible improvements and lessons learned during the creation of this device.
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Tightness evaluation of gasketed tubesheet
Trubač, Daniel ; Pernica, Marek (referee) ; Létal, Tomáš (advisor)
This master thesis focuses on the issue of tightness evaluation of gasketed tubesheet in U tube exchangers, which meets strength requirements of ČSN EN 13 445-3 and ČSN EN 1591-1 standards. It deals with the forces acting on the gasket when measuring the effects acting on the entire heat exchanger. A separate part is devoted to the calculation of the heat profile in the heat exchanger and verification of the strength of the heat exchanger. The final part introduces model of a heat exchanger, on which a possible approach to solving the tightness of the tubesheet in heat exchangers is presented. In thesis temperature field evaluation was conducted, the results of which were used in stress strain analysis, in order to obtain gasket contact pressure. Extreme gasket contact pressures were used to estimate leak rate limits.
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Fatigue evaluation methods for pressure equipment utilising numerical analysis results
Boleloucký, Václav ; Lošák, Pavel (referee) ; Létal, Tomáš (advisor)
Diplomová práce se zabývá hodnocením únavové životnosti v okolí konstručního uzlu tlakové nádoby, kde vzniká výrazná koncentrace napětí a je zde předpoklad primárního vlivu na únavu materiálu. Konkrétně se jedná o místo přechodu kontrolního otvoru do pláště analyzovaného zařízení. Práce obsahuje teoretickou a praktickou část. V teoretické části jsou představeny pojmy a metody hodnocení, související s danou problematikou. Na základě těchto metod je provedena analýza konstrukčního uzlu tlakové nádoby. Analýza je provedena metodou konečných prvků na skořepinovém a objemovém modelu nádoby v softwaru ANSYS Workbench, její výsledky dále zpracovány a vyhodnoceny dle aktuálního návrhu úpravy evropské harmonizované normy EN 13445--3, kapitoly 18. Výsledky analýz jsou hodnoceny v závěru práce.
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Cost-efficient design of high pressure gas pipeline
Šrámková, Veronika ; Pernica, Marek (referee) ; Létal, Tomáš (advisor)
The aim of this thesis was the cost-efficient design of high pressure gas pipeline with a maximum capacity 40 mil.Nm3/day and a length of the pipeline 100 km. The economic design consisted of analyzing and comparing expenses for three different pipelines over a 20-year period. The thesis includes the design of pipe dimensions with proposed thickness of pipe walls according to STN EN 1594: 2014 and ISO 4200: 2010. Software Simone was used in order to determine the pressure loss and the number of compressor stations. Software calculated the necessary power of compressor stations and fuel gas consumption as well. Based on the necessary power, the most economically advantageous gas turbine compressors were chosen for each compressor station. The capital expenditures consisted of the price for compressor stations together with gas pipelines. The operating expenditures for 20 years were added to these costs. In conclusion of the thesis, a comparison of expenditures for all 3 variants was conducted. Based on the results, it can be stated that the most economically advantageous variant of the construction is a gas pipeline with a diameter DN1000.
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Development of structural analysis software
Michálková, Anežka ; Buzík, Jiří (referee) ; Létal, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with a development of software for strength analysis of truss and beam elements using the Finite Element Method. Firstly, this thesis introduces basic theory of this method which is necessary for development of the software. Next part of the thesis discusses the software itself. Essential feature of development of the software was to transform mathematical theory to uncomplicated algorithms which are explained in the thesis. Last part is dedicated to comparison of the strength analysis results gained from the developed software and from ANSYS Workbench.
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Influence of residual stress on pressure vessel part fatigue life
Boleloucký, Václav ; Vincour, Dušan (referee) ; Létal, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with the impact of a residual stress, caused by an applied cyclic pressure, on fatigue life of a pressure vessel part (flat end–cylinder connection). Bachelor’s thesis includes the design of the pressure vessel according to CSN EN 13 445 regulations, analytical solution in Maple software, from which stresses and deformations are determined. Then the results of the analytical approach are firstly verified by a FEM modelling in ANSYS Workbench software and secondly compared to each other in graphs and discussed. From the values of stresses in FEM, analysis fatigue life expectations are calculated with the respect to CSN EN 13 445 regulations, for two cases. First one, where a pressure test is applied and second one, where the pressure test is not applied before the pressure vessel is put into service. In the conlusion the obtained results are discussed.
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Strength calculation of pipe junction
Dohnal, Milan ; Buzík, Jiří (referee) ; Létal, Tomáš (advisor)
The master thesis focuses on the strength calculation of piping with extra consideration given to the local effects of thermal loads. To be recognized as properly functioning, the piping is required to withstand the expected operating conditions in order to enable the continuous transport of the working fluid within the interconnected devices. It is imperative to take into consideration the variable thermal load in the area where the individual pipe branches connect into the main transmission piping. A major part of the thesis is concerned with the assessment of the expected workload influence on the most stressed parts of the system. The data are gathered by employing temperature and stress-strain analyses carried out in the ANSYS Mechanical program using the finite element method. The values based on the analyses are cross-checked with both the permitted values according to the ASME standard B31.3 Process piping and the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code stress categorization method. Since all the evaluated stresses are below their respective permissible values, the piping strength is concluded as satisfactory according to the standards.
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Integrity breach analysis of storage tank using FEM
Ševčík, Martin ; Vincour, Dušan (referee) ; Létal, Tomáš (advisor)
This master thesis is focused on computational modelling of critical external as well as internal pressure acting of the repaired tank. During cleaning of pipelines, the gas mixture entered into this storage tank causing loss of integrity in the connection between the roof and the shell. The first part of the thesis is focused on check calculation of the shell in exceptional conditions. The next part describes the repair of the tank including check of the pillar according to ČSN EN 1993 1 1 and ČSN EN 1993-1-6. The main part of the thesis is focused on determination of the buckling resistances of the tank in original as well as repaired state using ANSYS Mechanical software. The results are comparable with original tank, whose buckling resistance was not decreased due to the repair.
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