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The european legislation in relation to the exceptions granted to members of EU from the common system of VAT
Hronová, Lucie ; Svátková, Slavomíra (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
The value added tax has been adapted by various legal instruments of the European community (regulations, directives, decisions etc.) which are used to harmonise this tax. Together these documents establish "the common system of VAT". The time definition of this system is not simple, because of newly ratified legal instruments that are reacting to both Community requirements and the current economical situation. At the present time, combating tax evasion is the fastest developing part of the common system. Tax evasion is significantly reducing revenues of the whole Community by reducing the revenues of single member states. Even if the European Union always places emphasis on the equal conditions for all member states in all areas of interest including claiming VAT, there are some exceptions from the common system granted for member states. The main objective of these exceptions is to take into consideration the specific conditions in each member country through special instruments added to the common VAT system. These exceptions should simplify the acceptance of the common system by all member states.
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Comparative analysis of the taxation of royalties folowing between the Czech Republic and other member states of EU
Štecherová, Eliška ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
This thesis deals with the question of how far the Member States of EU have unified the system of taxation of royalties with respect to the Czech Republic. This issue is analyzed on the basis of comparison of Conventions between Czech Republic and other member states of EU. As key comparators were used the following approaches: grammatical interpretation of conventions, the definition of royalties and the range of taxation in the state of source. In order to examine the issue of taxation of royalties, attention is also given to the definition of royalties from the Czech legislation as well as from OECD (based on the Commentary to the Model Treaty) point of view. The thesis outlines also practical approaches to taxation of royalties in various model situations.
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The R&D expenditures from tax view
Prochásková, Petra ; Kubátová, Květa (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
Diploma thesis is concerning questions about tax inventives for research and development. Theoretical part is defining research and development and describing individual possibilities of support for research and development with emphasis on indirect support and its tools. Core of practical part is comparison of approach to R&D expenditures of research and development in selected tax systems of OECD countries and present circumstances in Czech Republic. Outcome of this thesis is several recommendations for czech tax policy in area for support for research and development.
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Place of business in tax laws
Alexiová, Karolína ; Svátková, Slavomíra (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
This work aims at the problems of the place of business in tax laws, and it is divided into three parts. At the beginning this place of business is defined out of point of commercial law, in the first place out of point of the VAT law and the law of income tax with mentioning European court yard juridicature and international contracts about prevention of double taxation. Another part of this work deals with limitation of criteria and analysis of parameters important for establishing a place of business out of point of the VAT law and permanent place of business out of point of the income tax law. The last part focuses on comparison between the place of business and permanent place of business according to the chosen criteria. There is also summary concerning the establishment of the place of business out of point of two taxes and their impact on reality.
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Daňová odpisová politika v České republice a v zemích Evropské unie
Malá, Lenka ; Slavíková, Květa (advisor) ; Říhová, Lucie (referee)
Hlavním cílem diplomové práce je analýza odpisových politik 28 států Evropské unie, srovnání pravidel daňového odpisování a výše odpisových sazeb pro některá dlouhodobá aktiva. Na základě provedené komparativní analýzy budou stanoveny klady a zápory v přístupu k daňovému odpisování v České republice v porovnání s daňovými odpisovými politikami států Evropské unie. Ze zjištěných informací se pokusím pro Českou republiku vyslovit určitá doporučení ohledně daňového odpisování a náměty na změnu v přístupu.
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