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Approach of Evolutionary Psychology to Research of Human Sexuality and Mate Choice
Binter, Jakub ; Klapilová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Weiss, Petr (referee) ; Konečná, Martina (referee)
This thesis focusses on choice of partner, courtship, and stability of relationship. The emphasized phenomenon within this field are namely evolutionary origins of attractiveness and attraction, endocrine, behavioral, verbal and paraverbal displays. The courtship in this thesis is divided into three major phases - attractivity, proceptivity and receptivity - following suggestion of Beach, Freund and Money. Each of these phases is typical by certain types of behavior and reaction, such as hormonal response, vocal displays as is described in review of literature in the theoretical part. In the second, practical part, consists of four articles that address one specific phenomenon at time. The first article is focused on choice of partners in real world and their presence in sexual fantasy repertoire. The second article addresses vocal modulation when speaking to member of opposite sex who we find attractive or unattractive. The third article introduces hormonal response on possibility of gaining and loss of a potential partner in virtual courtship scenario. And finally, the fourth discusses role of female orgasm in relation to sexual and overall satisfaction in the relationship. The studies are original, and bring innovative insight to human mate-choice and courting, providing further scientific...
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Effect of Breastfeeding Morphology on Breastfeeding Initiation
Kysilková, Lenka ; Havlíček, Jan (advisor) ; Konečná, Martina (referee)
Lactogenesis II is critical stage of lactation and it is hindered by conditions like caesarean section, premature delivery, obesity, age, and parity. Previous studies have shown a connection between morphological characteristics of breast and nipple-areola complex and lactation onset. Higher number of areolar glands and their non-uniform distribution has been linked to earlier onset of lactation. Extremely large breasts and short nipples has been linked to breastfeeding difficulty. Aim of this study was to investigate relationship between morphological characteristics of breast and nipple-areola complex (number and distribution of areolar glands, nipple, areola, and breast area, protrusion of nipple and areola, and contrast of breast and areola) and lactation onset. For this purpose, we collected breasts and areolae photographs of 141 mothers one day postpartum in maternity ward in Prague and compared the morphological traits to lactogenesis II onset. We have found a non-uniform distribution of areolar glands with the highest abundance on upper lateral quadrant of areola. We found that right breast area tends to be bigger than left, and left nipple and areola tends to be longer than right. Parity had significant effect on lactation onset. No morphological characteristics have been linked to...
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Návrh konstrukčního řešení nábytkového mobiliáře k vybavení 'vstupní haly' rodinného domu
Konečná, Martina
Contents of this work is to design solutions of furniture mobiliary to furnish entrance hall of the house, the design focuses mainly on storage spaces according to client requirements. The theoretical part deals with storage area requirements, commonly used materials, construction, literature research of similar solutions and safety requirements for furniture in the entrance hall. The practical part consists of drawing documentation, bills of materials and visualization of own design solution. An integral part of the work is also economic evaluation that deals only direct material costs.
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Koncept zájmového útvaru v oblasti nábytkářství a dřevařství pro žáky SOŠ
Konečná, Martina
The purpose of the bachelor´s thesis is to design an interest association for high school students. Target group was delimited by a branch of study, furniture production and woodworking industry. Interest group members are supposed to deal with purchase order per realistic requests from a kindergarten. The theoreti-cal part is dedicated to an interpretation of a terminology. Specific terms are youth at high school age, interest association and education, free time and the meaning of being actively engaged. The goal of practical part is to analyse a detailed conception of the interest group including schedule. The process begins at task assignment, then it goes through sketching and designing to production. Installation of the final product completes the whole process. In the bachelor’s thesis, there is used a qualitative method of research. Several teachers from vocational schools focusing at furniture production and woodworking industry evaluated the form and work of interest association during the process described above. The course is supposed to provide an opportunity for students to get experienced and thus to be capable of connecting theoretical knowledge and practice. Moreover, the participation could help them to present themselves at labour market. Another benefit of participation is being actively engaged during free time, prevention of bad behaviour and strengthening social competences.
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The issue of collection and bone marrow transplantation in pediatric and adult patients
KONEČNÁ, Martina
This thesis aims to provide a closer look at the issue and presentation of a clear summary of information on the issue of bone marrow transplantation via the Review Method and Information Synthesis. The thesis contains a theoretical description of nurse intervention before and after extracting bone marrow from a voluntary donor, as well as a description of nurse´s interventions before and after transplantingextracted hematopoietic cells from a patient suffering from the indicating blood illness. Treating hemato-oncological diseases is a lengthy and very demanding process. It relies in transplanting hematopoietic cells, and it means a great hope to cure the ill person. The transplantation itself is preceded by a long row of examinations, medical and administrative procedures needed to ensure the highest hope of curing the ill patient possible. In the Czech Republic, there are two donor registers cooperating together, based on the principle of all-register international cooperation. Since the moment of graft conversion, the transplanted patient is in a highly risky state. The patient´s living days start to be counted again. Taking care of hematopoietic cell recipients, the patient´s maximal well-being, safety, psychological well-being and most importantly, avoiding possible complications which may significantly slow down or even destroy medical staff´s and the voluntary donor´s efforts to save another person´s life completely, are all necessary focal points of the process. The thesis describes specific procedures of care for patients suffering from different kinds of complications, with regard to the nurses´ work. Because there is a difference in caring and communicating with adult and child patients, one of the subchapters is devoted especially to caring for child oncological patients, and the options of adjusting the communication to their needs and their parents´ needs. To return the patient back to their best life quality possible, it is necessary to follow principles of a healthy lifestyle and correct nutrition principles.
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Vliv lesnického hospodaření na stav a kvalitu půd pařezin
Konečná, Martina
The present study deals with description of the state and quality of soil in coppice and comparing these variables with soils in the stands with a different type of management. One of the goals was also to describe the impact of forest management on the top soil. In order to implement the research were established four research plots on Hádecká platform so as to be within the same group of forest types, with similarity in tree species composition and history of the management, and also that differs by current type of management (false high forest without management, high forest, false high forest with active management and young coppice. The data collection was biphasic, in the first phase were measured the dendrometric data from which were subsequently calculated species composition within the research plots. Simultaneously was carried out sampling of humus and taking mixed samples of soil from the Ah horizon. In the second phase were collected undisturbed soil samples using the soil sampler. Samples from soil surveys were laboratory processed, quantified for each group of soil properties and then statistically evaluated by using ANOVA and PCA. The results have proven that the influence of forest management on state and quality of soil is not significant, it was also shown that the soil within the coppice was overall in favorable conditions. At the end of the present study is separated chapter dedicated to the application of the results in recommendations for forestry practice.
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Healthcare as a Specific Area of Employee Benefits
Konečná, Martina ; Kocianová, Renata (advisor) ; Záškodná, Helena (referee)
Organizations, beyond the scope of statutory care, work contractually with healthcare workers, or voluntarily invest in work environment ergonomics, and carry out diverse activities - sporting events, nutrition counseling, anti-stress programs, over-the-counter health checks, and more. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the possibilities of health preventive measures and to analyze the implementation of these measures in a hundred large organizations based in the Czech Republic through a quantitative survey. Key words Employee benefits, benefits scheme, care of employees, healthcare, preventative healthcare measures, statutory care
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Approach of Evolutionary Psychology to Research of Human Sexuality and Mate Choice
Binter, Jakub ; Klapilová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Weiss, Petr (referee) ; Konečná, Martina (referee)
This thesis focusses on choice of partner, courtship, and stability of relationship. The emphasized phenomenon within this field are namely evolutionary origins of attractiveness and attraction, endocrine, behavioral, verbal and paraverbal displays. The courtship in this thesis is divided into three major phases - attractivity, proceptivity and receptivity - following suggestion of Beach, Freund and Money. Each of these phases is typical by certain types of behavior and reaction, such as hormonal response, vocal displays as is described in review of literature in the theoretical part. In the second, practical part, consists of four articles that address one specific phenomenon at time. The first article is focused on choice of partners in real world and their presence in sexual fantasy repertoire. The second article addresses vocal modulation when speaking to member of opposite sex who we find attractive or unattractive. The third article introduces hormonal response on possibility of gaining and loss of a potential partner in virtual courtship scenario. And finally, the fourth discusses role of female orgasm in relation to sexual and overall satisfaction in the relationship. The studies are original, and bring innovative insight to human mate-choice and courting, providing further scientific...
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Changes in testosterone level in 16-year-old boys in response to experimentally induced jealousy reaction
Enderlová, Jana ; Pivoňková, Věra (advisor) ; Konečná, Martina (referee)
Past research suggests association between basal steroid hormone testosterone level and its changes with some individual characteristics (especially some behavioral manifestations of dominance and aggression) and its changes within male-male competition. This relationship is usually (in accordance with evolutionary theory) interpreted as the consequence of different individual prerequisites (or the degree of individual motivation) for high status position including winning a male- male competition. The aim of this study was to test the adequacy of measuring jealousy reaction in adolescent boys by way of changes in salivary testosterone level and finding their associations with some individual characteristics mentioned by researchers. For the purpose of measuring basal testosterone level before starting the experiment and changes in its level following the jealousy stimulus within a competition for a mate which simulated the internet mating and changes in its level after being informed of their failure in this competition, the boys who participated in our study provided three salivary samples (the samples were provided after 15 minutes after the stimuli). For finding associations of basal and mean testosterone level and these hormonal changes with some individual characteristics, the boys filled in...
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Changes in testosterone level in 16-year-old boys in response to experimentally induced jealousy reaction
Enderlová, Jana ; Klapilová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Konečná, Martina (referee)
Past research suggests association between basal steroid hormone testosterone level and its changes with some individual characteristics (especially some behavioral manifestations of dominance and aggression) or different outcomes of male-male competition. This relationship is usually (in accordance with evolutionary theory) interpreted as the consequence of different individual prerequisites (or the degree of individual motivation) for high status position including winning a male-male competition. The aim of this study was to test the adequacy of measuring jealousy reaction in adolescent boys by way of changes in salivary testosterone level and finding their associations with some individual characteristics mentioned by researchers. For the purpose of measuring basal testosterone level and changes in this hormone level during the competition for a mate which simulated the internet mating and changes in this hormone after being informed of their failure in this competition, the boys who participated in our study provided three salivary samples. For finding associations of basal testosterone level and these hormonal changes with some individual characteristics, the boys filled in a set of questionnaires (EATQ-R, the short version of IPIP, EBIS, ISJS, RSPQ, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and expanded...
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