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Does the assesment of tumor markers in the context of the last negative conclusions still have any impact in ovarian cancer?
Svoboda, Tomáš ; Fínek, Jindřich (advisor) ; Skalický, Tomáš (referee) ; Hes, Ondřej (referee) ; Vyzula, Rostislav (referee)
Does the assessment of tumor markers in the context of the last negative conclusions still have any impact in ovarian cancer? Svoboda T.: Dept. Of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Univ.Hospital, Plzen, Czech Republic Summary: The incidence of ovarian cancer is very high in Europe and there is still a lot of encertainaity about the best screening method today. The regular use of ultrasound investigation and CA125 testing is not established as a screening, so the greatest number of patients diagnosed with this tumor has a locally advanced disease. Their prognosis is unfavourable even with the treatment by chemotherapy. We describe the role of main factors associated with the primary tumor (staging, grading, histological type) and it's treatment (surgery type and the influence of residual tumor, type and regimen of chemotherapy and inclusion of radiation therapy in the primary treatment) for disease-free and overall survival. We also confirmed that tumor markers (CA125 incl.) used in screening, during treatment measuring response to chemotherapy and for folow-up as an early predictor of disease recurrence have low specificity and sensitivity to be used today. They have role of a prognostic factor - at least some of them - unfortunately with no impact on survival even when palliative chemotherapy can start...
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A Study on the Techniques and Methods in German-Czech Translations at the Time of the Renaissance and the Reformation
Zemenová, Markéta ; Svoboda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Veselá, Gabriela (referee)
The thesis is a contribution to the field of Translation Studies focusing on Translation History. It is concerned with the techniques and methods used in German-Czech translations at the time of the Renaissance and the Reformation. Three selected German texts form the 16th and early 17th century and their first translations into Czech were analysed in this work in order to revise and further extend the current research findings on translations of the period and to provide an overview of the main problems connected with investigation of old prints. Based on our original analysis we conclude that the translation techniques and methods used in the time of the Renaissance and the Reformation were very diverse and often mutually contradictory. No evidence of consistent translation strategies or any universal translation norm was found within the scope of our analysis.
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Goethe's and Schiller's ballads. A critical comparison of translations into Czech
Böswart, Štěpán ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee) ; Veselá, Gabriela (advisor)
The Czech tradition of translation from German comprises a long period of translating ballads by the Classics Goethe and Schiller. Since the middle of the 19th century, there have been many attempts to deal with their difficult subject matter in the praxis of translation. However, there haven't been any studies in translation research that would analyze the original ballads and the translations together and respecting the context both in the German and the Czech cultural and literary tradition. The following text would like to offer a translation analysis and a translation evaluation of the prominent examples of ballads by Goethe and Schiller concerning the following aspects: 1. Which poems have been translated? What was the notion of ballad used by the diverse interpretors and how has it developed from the 18th century up to the present day? This part of the text concerns the genre theory. 2. Were the ballads central to the reception of the German Classics? Was it drama, prose or poetry that predominated? This topic refers to the mapping of reception of Goethe and Schiller in our country. 3. Which aspects of the ballads do Czech translators emphasize? Do they underline the religious and didactic aspects of the text? Do they stress the morality? Or is it the individual character and the story that draws...
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Virtual playground
Svoboda, Tomáš ; Pelikán, Josef (referee) ; Vlčková, Zuzana (advisor)
Present document describes algorithms used in program Virtual playground. This program was designed to simulate movement and interaction of perfectly rigid bodies in real environment with gravity. It had to be optimised to be able to simulate tens of bodies on contemporary PCs in real-time. It was in fact also to the prejudice of physical precision but I think that the result is physically plausible. There is also vehicle simulation added to the program. I will try to introduce difficulties I had during programming and I will do a comparsion with other algorithms that are used to solve similar kind of problems. In the end, I will describe program structure and provide user guide for the program.
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Christian Morgenstern in Czech translations
Zapletalová, Ivana ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee) ; Veselá, Gabriela (advisor)
There have been many translations of Christian Morgenstern's work and, in particular, of his "Galgenlieder" into Czech. The first translations appeared in magazines in the interwar period. "Palmström", translated by Ludvík Kundera (born 1920), was the first Czech translation of an entire collection of Morgenstern's poems. This book was published in 1944 in samizdat. Another samizdat version of "Palmström" appeared in 1951, translated by Egon Bondy (born Zbyněk Fišer, 1930 - 2007). The 1950's saw more translations of Morgenstern into Czech: by Josef Hiršal (1920 - 2003), Bohumila Grögerová (born 1921). These translations appeared in 1958, 1964, 1965 and 1971 and selections from them were published even afterwards. Translations by Emanuel Frynta (1923 - 1975) from the same period were included in the "Moudří blázni" anthology. Rudolf Havel (1920 - 1993) made his translations of Morgenstern in the 1970's and 1980's. They were published posthumously in 1996. The aim of the present thesis is to examine the translation methods of the individual translators. It looks at 7 Poems ("Galgenbruder Frühlingslied", "Drei Hasen", "Die weggeworfene Flinte", "Die Brille", "Das Fest des Wüstlings", "Der Ginganz", "Der Mond") and their Czech translations. Analysis of both translations by Egon Bondy shows substantial...
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Recognition of 3D objects with uniform surface reflectance
Žemlička, Jakub ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee) ; Urban, Martin (advisor)
A new approach based on the edge examination has been developed for the detection of polygonal structures as an alternative to MSERs and Harris points. The recognition of objects with a uniform surface was the initial motivation. The detected polygonal structures can be used as supplementary features for the nonuniform object recognition as well. Finally, the method has been tested on the real application of the viewpoint invariant car license plate detection. The main contribution of our approach is the ability to detect polygons regardless to their size, number of vertices and orientation. The polynomial time complexity for low polygon degrees allows our method the real-time performance. Moreover, the searching algorithm can be modified to find more types of polygons at a time very easily.
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Conit verdict in translation
Čížková, Kateřina ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee) ; Uhle, Dorothea (advisor)
V rámci této diplomové práce je provedena kontrastivní textová analýza textového druhu soudního rozhodnutí (rozsudku) na třech textových rovinách (makrostruktura, mikrostruktura: jazykové šablony a slovní spojení). V teoretické části jsou definovány pojmy textový druh, makrostruktura, mikrostruktura textu, jazykové šablony a slovní spojení. Prostor je věnován rovněž problematice jazyka práva a administrativního stylu. Analýza pracuje s paralelním (německé a české paralelní texty) a bilingvním (německé originály a jejich překlady do češtiny) korpusem textů. V jejím rámci je proveden popis makrostruktury (organizace obsahové výstavby pomocí dílčích textů a nadpisů), excerpce a vymezení slovních spojení a excerpce, vymezení a klasifikace jazykových šablon. Analýza vychází z předpokladu, že převládající překladovou metodou na rovině makrostruktury je metoda dokumentární, na rovině mikrostruktury (slovní spojení, jazykové šablony) metoda instrumentální. Předpoklad se potvrzuje zčásti - na rovině makrostruktury dominuje dokumentární překlad, na rovině mikrostruktury se využívají postupy jak dokumentárního (kalk), tak instrumentálního překladu (modulace). Ukazuje se rovněž, že některé (především konstrukční) jazykové šablony přispívají k výstavbě makrostruktury, tj. že se nerealizují pouze na mikrorovině (rovině...
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Translating drama: influence of the theatrical potential of drama on translating with examples on plays by J.N. Nestroy
Nováková, Alena ; Veselá, Gabriela (referee) ; Svoboda, Tomáš (advisor)
The objective of this paper is to identify the main specifics of dramatic text that play a decisive role for the text's transformation through translation. Our approach was informed by the assumption that dramatic text is already intended to undergo a further (theatrical) transformation. Also, we chose not to reflect extreme cases of stage productions such as mime theatre, dance theatre, etc. Given the scope and intent of this paper, it proved impossible to exhaust this very broad topic in all its aspects comprehensively; we have therefore strived to draw attention to key issues which must be considered when translating dramatic texts. We focused primarily on non-verbal cues contained in dramatic text. The theoretical part of this work is devoted to the category of the "theatrical potential" that is inherent in dramatic texts, its possible sources, and the theatrical code. We concluded that the dramatic text does not merely contain one single possible staging solution, but that the text allows for several interpretations, and thus for several ways in which to perform it. At the same time, we found that non-verbal elements are not contained directly in the text, whose material is solely linguistic code, but that the text gives rise to them. The assumption of a further transformation (through performance)...
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Options and application of language animation in interpreters' practice
Davidová, Monika ; Klein, Silke (referee) ; Svoboda, Tomáš (advisor)
The main objective of this thesis is to enquire and describe the problem of language animation and to ascertain whether it is possible to describe it as a specific mode of interpreter's practise. The Analysis of options and application of language animation is based on the assumption that the interpreter is an expert in intercultural communication and also that language animation is one of the methods to develop intercultural communication. Our next assumption is that an effective intercultural communicatin is one of the basic conditions to survive in the world of the present day. The thesis results in definitions and proves of a number of statements about the signification of application of language animation in interpreter's practise in order to obtain an option to develop intercultural competence of participants in intercultural groups.
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The ronde of plays by Arthur Schnitzler. Schnitzler's drama and its Czech translations with a particular focus on "Reigen"
Veselá, Lenka ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee) ; Veselá, Gabriela (advisor)
This master's thesis is a contribution to the history of translation and is dedicated mainly to translations between Czech and German. The thesis deals with the work of Arthur Schnitzler, one of the greatest Austrian writers whose prose and drama still remains very modern and topical, and focuses particularly on drama. In his times, especially during World War One, Schnitzler's plays were among the most frequently performed pieces in theatres and were shown not just in Austria but also far abroad. In recent decades, the drama of Arthur Schnitzler has once again enjoyed a great deal of interest, and his plays have been popular both among the audience and among scholars. Since 1960s, the work of Schnitzler has been studied in several hundreds of papers, and many scholars have also been attracted by the rich biographical part of Schnitzler's legacy. Most of Schnitzler's life dates to the final period of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, and since the empire included, among others, the territory of today's Czech Republic, Czech audience, too, were well acquainted with his work. Nevertheless, there have been no in-depth studies dedicated to the reception of Schnitzler's work in Czech lands, and apart from a few exceptions, the life and work of the Austrian playwright have never become subject of detailed study by...
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