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Phytochemical study of Helianthus annuus L.
Rudolfová, Dagmar ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
This thesis was aimed at study of Helianthus annuus leaves. Methylene chloride and buthanol extracts were selected for this work. TLC chromatography and the structure selective detection reagents were applied to evaluate these extracts and acquired samples. Further, preparative TLC chromatography was applied to purify the buthanol extract. In the second part the biological activity of the extracts and acquired samples was screened with DPPH test and fototoxic assay. Significant antioxidant activity was detected with sample 3 (CH2Cl2). The buthanol extract was not fototoxic, but it was toxic for Tubifex tubifex and it is supposed to be toxic for other kind of organisms.
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Biological activity of plant metabolites. XVI. Influence of alkaloids from Chelidonium majus L. on acetylcholinesterase
Bryndová, Šárka ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Bryndová, Š.: Biological activity of plant metabolites XVI. Influence of alkaloids from Chelidonium majus L. on acetylcholinesterase, Rigorous work, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy Hradec Králové, 71 pp. Key words: Alzheimer's disease, alkaloids, Chelidonium majus, acetylcholinesterase, biological aktivity. Within the screening of plants that contain alkaloids inhibiting the activity of the human erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase Greater celadine (Chelidonium majus L., Papaveraceae) was studied. 41,8 kg of the whole dry plant (the aerial part with the roots) served for the isolation of alkaloids. Mixtures of pseudocyanides of benzophenanthridine alkaloids, phenolic bases, and the alkaloids precipitated from either chloroform-soluble or chloroform-insoluble chlorides were obtained from the purified ethanolic extract. My task was to separate benzofenanthridine alkaloids from pseudocyanides. Using both column and thin layer chromatography sanguinarine as a chloride was isolated. The identity of the isolated alkaloid was determined by means of an authentic standard and by comparing its physico-chemical characteristics with the published data. The isolated compound inhibited the human erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase with IC50 2,69×10-5 M. Comparing its biological activity with that...
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Biological activity of plant metabolites. XIII. Influence of alkaloids from Chelidonium majus L. on acetylcholinesterase.
Vítková, Eva ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Vítková, E.: Biological activity of plant metabolites XIII.; Influence of alkaloids from Chelidonium majus L. on acetylcholinesterase. Rigorous work, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy Hradec Králové, 84 pages. Within the screening of plants that contains alkaloids inhibiting the activity of the human erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase Greater celadine (Chelidonium majus L., Papaveraceae) was studied. 41.8 kg of the whole dry plant (the aerial part with the roots) served for the isolation of alkaloids. Mixtures of pseudocyanides of benzophenanthridine alkaloids, phenolic bases, and the alkaloids precipitated from either chloroform-insoluble or chloroform-insoluble chlorides were obtained from the purified ethanolic extract. My task was to separate bases from the chlorides insoluble in chloroform. Using both column and thin layer chromatography allocryptopine as a base was isolated. The identity of the isolated alkaloid as determined by means of an authentic standard and by comparing its physico- chemical characteristics with the published data. The isolated compounds inhibited the human erythrocytic acetylcholinsterase with IC50 1,47.10-3 M. Comparing its biological activity with that of standard alkaloid inhibitors (galanthamine and physostigmine) the isolated substance is not very...
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Biological activity of plant metabolites. XIV. Influence of alkaloids from Chelidonium majus L.on acetylcholinesterase
Kubincová, Dagmar ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Kubincová, D.: Biological activity of plant metabolites XIV; Influence of alkaloids from Chelidonium majus L. on acetylcholinesterase. Rigorous work, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy Hradec Králové, 74 pp. Key words: Alzheimer's disease, alkaloids, Chelidonium majus, acetylcholinesterase, biological aktivity. Within the screening of plants that contain alkaloids inhibiting the activity of the human erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase Greater celadine (Chelidonium majus L., Papaveraceae) was studied. 41.8 kg of the whole dry plant (the aerial part with the roots) served for the isolation of alkaloids. Mixtures of pseudocyanides of benzophenanthridine alkaloids, phenolic bases, and the alkaloids precipitated from either chloroform-soluble or chloroform-insoluble chlorides were obtained from the purified ethanolic extract. My task was to separate bases from the chlorides insoluble in chloroform. Using both column and thin layer chromatography protopine as a base was isolated. The identity of the isolated alkaloid was determined by means of an authentic standard and by comparing its physico-chemical characteristics with the published data. The isolated compound inhibited the human erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase with IC50 1,12.10-3 M. Comparing its biological activity with that of...
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Compounds of Helianthus annuus L.
Niedobová, Soňa ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Opletal, Lubomír (referee)
My rigorous thesis was intend on elaboration of butanol fractions of Helianthus annuus L. leaves and simultaneously biological tests were done - antioxidant activity (DPPH test) and fototoxic activity. The Fractions V 8-10 a V 15-17 are fototoxic and they are toxic for Tubifex tubifex organism too. We suppose the presence of seskviterpenoid lactones and therefore it can be fotoxic and toxic for next species of organisms. Antioxidant activity wasn't proved.
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Phototoxic screening of salicylanilides with Tubifex tubifex
Vondráková, Sylvie ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
This research dealed with evaluation biological activity some choice photosenzitizers. Testing organism is Tubifex tubifex Müll, test proceeds in twenty-four foveolated micro-titrating plates. From many photo-toxic materials was choice to check photo-dynamic activity six compounds synthesized on Department Inorganic and Organic Chemistry. From many parameters been choice two endpoints-damage and mortality. Damage induced only 3,5-dichlor-4'-chlorthiosalicylanilid a 3,5-dichlor-4'-bromhiosalicylanilid. Mortality (UV-irradiation): 1. 3,5-dichlor-4'-chlorthiosalicylanilid- most toxic 2. 3,5-dichlor-4'-bromthiosalicylanilid 3. 3',4'-dichlorthiosalicylanilid 4. thiosalicylanilid-embodies photo-toxic potential 5. 5-chlorthiosalicylanilid 6. 4-methylthiosalicylanilid-at least toxic Mortality (without UV-irradiation): 1. 3,5-dichlor-4'-chlorthiosalicylanilid- most toxic 2. 3,5-dichlor-4'-bromthiosalicylanilid 3. 3'.4'-dichlorthiosalicylanilid 4. 5-chlorthiosalicylanilid 5. thiosalicylanilid 6. 4-methylthiosalicylanilid-at least toxic
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Phytochemical study of Helianthus annuus L. III
Rudolfová, Dagmar ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Macáková, Kateřina (referee)
Rudolfová D.: Phytochemical study of Helianthus annuus L. leaves III. Diploma thesis 2007. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, 105 pp. The thesis was aimed at phytochemical study of Helianthus annuus leaves. The purpose was to get a summary extract from sunflower leaves, to divide it into several fractions and analyse them using structure selective detection reagents and evaluating their antioxidant activity. At first, the ethanolic extract from Helianthus annuus L. leaves was prepared. After shaking it with n-butanol the aqueous part was separated on a chromatographic column. Fractions were analysed using the TLC separation method and the structure selective detection reagents were applied to the TLC plates. Selected united fractions were separated on a second chromatographic column. Fractions from this second column were analysed using the TLC method. After that, antioxidant activity of selected fractions from the first and second chromatographic column was screened with DPPH test and FRAP method. Following the chromatographic analyses mainly saccharides, steroids, terpenes, phenolic compounds, lactones and essential oils were detected. Significant antioxidant activity was detected with fractions HEA 25-28 (first column) and HEA 6-8 (second column).
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Biological activity of plant metabolites. VI. Influence of alkaloids from several taxons of plants on acetylcholinesterase
Řepová, Lucie ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Řepová, L.: Biological activity of plant metabolites VI. Influence of alkaloids from several taxons of plants on acetylcholinesterase. Diploma thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, 2007. In content of the diploma thesis it was realized screening of the alkaloids of some taxons of tribes Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae on acetylcholinesterase inhibition. It was introduced a method for obtaining optimum extracts (alkaloidal concentrates of certain type) from various morphological parts of plants Corydalis cava (L.) Schweigg. et Koerte (root), Uncaria tomentosa (WILLD.) DC. (bark), Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. ex DC.) Stangl. (bark), Peumus boldus (Molina) (leaf) a Papaver somniferum L. (poppy head). After the preparation of primary extract, its acidification and preliminary cleaning, extracts of different basicity were prepared by extraction either by diethyl ether (L, pH ∼2; A, pH ∼8; B, pH ∼12) or by chloroform (A1, pH~8; J, pH ∼3; E, pH ∼10). Single types of extracts were eluted by means of TLC metod both in neutral and in alkaline system of solvents on the silica gel and were tested on contents of alkaloids (detected by Dragendorff agent). Extracts contaning alkaloids were further checked together with standards (physostigmine and galanthamine) by aid of...
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Biological activity of plant metabolites. VII. Influence of alkaloids from several taxons of plants on acetylcholinesterase
Nováková, Jana ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Nováková, J.: Biological activity of plant metabolites VII. Influence of alkaloids from several taxons of plants on acetylcholinesterase. Diploma thesis. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, 78 p. Within the frame of diploma thesis the screening of alkaloids from some taxons of Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae families for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was performed. The method was elaborated for obtaining optimum extracts (alkaloid concentrates explicit type) from morphological parts of following plants: Chelidonium majus L. (herb, roots), Eschscholtzia californica Cham. (herb, whole plants resp.), Corydalis solida (L.) Sw. (herb) and Papaver somniferum L. (poppyhead). After preparation of basic extract, and after its acidification and purification water extracts were prepared after pH adjustation (Na2CO3, NaOH) by extraction with diethylether (L, pH ~2; A, pH 9; B, pH ~12) and chloroform (iodides of quarternary bases (J, pH ~3; E, pH ~9). Individual extracts were analysed by the using of TLC in neutral and basic system on silica gel on content of alkaloids (Dragendorff reagent, Munier modification). Extracts with alkaloid content were further tested for inhibitory activity on AChE by the means of autobiographical method together with standards...
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Pharmacognostic study of Alnus spp.
Chlebek, Jakub ; Jahodář, Luděk (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Charles Univerzity in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Degree work term: Pharrnacognostic study of Alnus spp. Student: Jakub Chlebek Abstract The degree work Pharmacognostic study of radix Alnus spp. consists of theoretical and experimental part. Theoretical part contains botanical characteristic of the three home species of Czech Republic (Alnus glutinosa, Alnus incana, Alnus rugosa), phytochemical review of the compounds of the genus Alnus and their biological acivities. Experimental part deals with phytochemical and biological study of the roots of Alnus glutinosa. Dried roots of the black alder (Alnus glutinosa) were extracted with Me2CO-H2O (7:3). Final extract was chromatographed over test silica gel colum using a MeOH- CHCl3 gradient (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 100 %). Elution gave 36 fractions. All the separations were analysed by TLC (hexane-EtOAc MeOH, 2:2:1). The sterols were detected in the fraction No. 7 by TLC, melting point and GC-MS. Major present sterols were β-sitosterol, β-sitostanol, minor sterols campestanol, campesterol. Fractions No. 10 and 19 were analysed by HPLC. Antioxidant activity of the fraction No. 19 was measured with DPPH radical and was low (EC50 0.32 mg/mL). Test silica gel colum experience were used in analysis on...
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