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Towards some problems of semi-sentential structures in Portuguese
Ambrosová, Anna ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee) ; Tláskal, Jaromír (advisor)
The thesis deals with the subject of non-finite clauses in Portuguese. Our target was not only to investigate and describe this inherent part of Portuguese grammar but also to assess the frequency of its use in the language. The thesis consists of three theoretical and one practical part. The first theoretical part is conceived as a general introduction to the problem of non-finite clauses and records how it is understood by Portuguese and Czech linguists. The next part of the research is dedicated in detail to the individual nominal forms of Portuguese verbs, i.e. to infinitive, gerund and participle. In the third part we divide the non-finite clauses into substantive, adjectival and adverbial and provide each of the types with examples found in Portuguese written literature. This linguistic corpus that we created represents the practical part of our study. The last part of the work summarises the most common conjunctions used in subordinate clauses with finite verb form and the equivalent prepositions in non-finite clauses. We counted all the non-finite clauses in four books written in Portuguese and concluded our research by stating which type is the most frequent.
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Syntactic variation of direct interrogatives in spoken French
Huková, Ľubomíra ; Pravdová, Marie (advisor) ; Tláskal, Jaromír (referee)
This thesis deals with the question of variation of direct interrogatives in spoken French. ln the first, theoretical part of the thesis, I pro vide information about the spoken form of French and variationist linguistics, and I define direct interrogatives from the perspective of various grammarians and variationists. ln the second, practical part, I look into the forms of interrogatives that can be found in my own corpus and analyse the frequency with which they appear.
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Problematics of Creole languages: example of Capverdian Creole
Pelant, Matyáš ; Tláskal, Jaromír (referee) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor)
Hlavním tématem této diplomové práce je problematika kreolštin portugalského základu - jejich vymezení vzhledem k ostatním jazykům a hlavně jazyku základu - portugalštině. Ukázali jsme, že tendencí moderní lingvistiky je vnímant kreolštiny obecně jako samostatný jazykový systém. Studium teoretických prací nám ukazuje výjimečnost kreolštin, zejména při jejich vzniku, a představuje nám rozsáhlou terminologii, která tyto jazyky popisuje. Právě proto, že je někdy obtížné z čistě jazykového hlediska určit přesný rozdíl mezi pidžinem a kreolštinou, zdá se nám základní terminologie kreolistiky pro popis kreolštin nezbytná. Kreolštiny portugalského základu, které jsme představili, jsou stále významné, zejména v africké oblasti. V Asii jsme byli svědky dekreolizace či vymizení kreolštin. Také jsme ukázali, že se jedná o velmi rozsáhlou oblast, která nabízí mnoho témat nejen pro kreolistiku, jazykovědu jako takovou a její pro příbuzné obory (hlavně sociolingvistika), ale i pro historii (historie osídlování, otrokářského systému, vztah jazyka a historie apod.) či etnologii Gazykjako významná charakteristika komunit). Na příkladu kabuverdianu jsme sledovali jednotlivé rysy, které jsou typické pro kreolské jazyky. Srovnávali jsme její systém s portugalštinou, protože se jedná o jazyk, se kterým je kabuverdianu stále v...
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Issues of structure Det + N1N2 in contemporary Portuguese
Matějovicová, Jitka ; Tláskal, Jaromír (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
The aim ofthis work is to divide and analyse the structure Det + N1N2 in contemporary Portuguese. Hence we deal with expressions consisting oftwo side-byside substantives, which are not connected by preposition (cf. a palavra-chave, o navioescola, o Estado-nar;ďo ou o cantor/poeta; o Prémio Nobel). These structures are relatively frequent in spoken as well as in written language and they contribute considerably to the enrichment ofvocabulary. We can consider them as compounds or simple nominal groups, sometimes they are analysed within the framework of transposition. Authors, who apply themselves to the issue of compounds, usually deal with the distinction between compounds and simple nominal groups and with creation of criteria for their typology and c1assification. Those who study the structure in terms of transposition focus on transition of expression in the N2 position from the c1ass of substantives to the c1ass of adjectives. Generally we can say that iťs possible to find several theoretical attitudes, which blend together in some aspects and differ in others. Thaťs why we introduce in the first part different conceptions of the structure Det + N1N2 in contemporary Portuguese. In addition to the work ofPortuguese linguists we also take into consideration works ofFrench and Czech experts. In the...
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