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Development of anticoagulation therapy and news about its monitoring
Klazarová, Alena ; Vrbacký, Filip (advisor) ; Sadílek, Petr (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Study program: Laboratory diagnostics in healthcare Author: Alena Klazarová Supervisor: RNDr. Filip Vrbacký, Ph.D. Title of bachelor thesis: Development of anticoagulation therapy and news about its monitoring Background: The aim of this work is to summarize the basic information about hemostasis and the components that participate in it. These facts are key to understanding the mechanism of action of anticoagulants in anticoagulant therapy. The work deals with an overview of the development of anticoagulant treatment from the beginning to the present day. It deals with the issue of anticoagulant treatment and the possibility of its monitoring by laboratory tests. Main findings: Thromboembolism suffered people more or less since time immemorial. The question of time was the development of anticoagulant therapy and an understanding of the mechanism of action of anticoagulant drugs, which was of great benefit in reducing the incidence and mortality of thromboembolism. Conclusions: The introduction of anticoagulant therapy in medicine has reduced the risk of thromboembolic complications. A great benefit was the discovery of the first anticoagulant drug, unfractionated heparin (UFH), followed by oral...
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The platelet aggreagability induced by low concentrations of ADP and epinephrine in patients with breast cancer.
Razimová, Jana ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Sadílek, Petr (referee)
Background: Thrombosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. There are many blank spaces in our knowledge on the pathogenesis of cancer associated thrombosis. The sticky platelet syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by platelet hyperaggregability with low concentrations of ADP and/or epinephrine. The platelet aggregation with low concentrations of ADP and epinephrine has not yet been investigated in breast cancer patients treated with endocrine therapy. Aims of the study: Primary objective: To analyze the platelet aggregation with low concentrations of ADP and epinephrine in patients with breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy using light transmission aggregometry and compare the results with the results of the platelet aggregation in healthy volunteers. To compare the proportion of patients fulfilling the laboratory criteria for sticky platelet syndrome with the proportion of healthy volunteers fulfilling these criteria. Secondary objectives: 1. To analyze the correlation of aggregation with low concentrations of inductors with the expression of P-selectin on the non stimulated platelets in the group of breast cancer patients treated with endocrine therapy and in the group of healthy volunteers. 2. To compare the expression of P-selectin on the non...
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Quality Control in Haematology laboratory
Hadysová, Zuzana ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Sadílek, Petr (referee)
Background: In the theoretical part there was my task to carry out a search of internal and external quality control in hematology laboratory. In the experimental part of the work I focused on the description of quality control of laboratory IV. Internal Hematology Clinic of the University Hospital Hradec Kralove. Main findings: Many prevention and control activities serving to detect any errors and failures and to evaluate quality control system are part of quality control in hematology laboratory. Every laboratory (small or large) has developed principles for quality control which must be followed. Conclusions: Quality control is important part of every laboratory, it helps to identify and eliminate analytical and non-analytical errors in the process of obtaining correct laboratory results. It is necessary to constantly work on the improvement because it increases the confidence of patients, medical staff and also laboratory workers in the accuracy of the results issued by the laboratory. Keywords: internal quality control, external quality control, hematology laboratory
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Analysis of body fluids on the automatic analyzer XT - 4000i
Tycová, Blanka ; Šatínský, Dalibor (advisor) ; Sadílek, Petr (referee)
ABSRACT Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical chemistry Candidate: Blanka Tycová Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Dalibor Šatínský, Ph.D. Title of rigorous thesis: Analysis of body fluids on the automatic analyzer XT - 4000i This rigorous thesis focuses on the cytologic analysis of body fluids, which are analyzed in hematology laboratory OKH in the Pardubice regional hospital, a.s. These are the cerebrospinal fluid, pleural, pericardial and abdominal fluid, peritoneal dialysate and synovial fluid. From the measured data during the analysis of body fluids has been to focus on quality control and determine precision, truthfulness, linearity measurements, and the stability of peritoneal dialysate in the laboratory (21.7 řC) and cooler temperatures (6.9 řC). Statistical evaluation of the measured data showed that the analyzer provides the valid values. Graphic processing has been shown, that the measurement actually conducted linearly. The experiment confirmed, that greater stability shows a sample of peritoneal dialysate, that has been kept at a cooler temperature (6.9 řC). In this rigorous thesis were performed correlation analysis results of analysis the body fluids in the automatic analyzer XT - 4000i and microscopic method, which used a Fuchs - Rosenthal counting...
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Possibilities of Laboratory Diagnostics of Lupus Anticoagulant Antibodies in the Special Hematology Laboratory of the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague
Rybníčková, Soňa ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Sadílek, Petr (referee)
Rybníčková Soňa THE POSSIBILITY OF ASSESSMENT OF LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT ANTIBODIES IN HEMATOLOGY LABORATORY IKEM IN PRAGUE Bachelor thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Laboratory Technician Background Diagnosis of the Lupus Anticoagulant is very complicated due to a missing completely reliable screening test and whenever the presence of prolonged clotting times on a routine plasma test is detected, the other potential causes besides LA is needed to exclude. The aim of the thesis is focused on a possibilities of testing the Lupus Anticoagulant in our Clinical Haematology Department in the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine inclusive of ambiguity measured results interpretation and a necessity to abide by the conditions of a preanalytic phase. In addition, clinical manifestation and laboratory criteria assessment as well as a possible interferences in Lupus Anticoagulant testing are also discussed. Methods The theoretical part is focused on a basic mechanism of haemostasis, on an effect of antiphospholipid antibodies, the diagnostic kriteria inclusive of a treatment guidelines. The practical part is focused on importance of the preanalytical phase, principally on necessity of a double centrifugation tube method (to obtain platelet pure plasma). More over is...
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Comparison of basic coagulation methods - APTT, PT, FBG by mechanical and optical principle
Hricová, Júlia ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Sadílek, Petr (referee)
In my thesis, the basic coagulation methods APTT, PT and fibrinogen were compared with the use of an optical and impedance principle. The coagulation analyser Sysmex CA 7000 was used for measuring coagulation tests using an optical method and the coagulation analyser AMAX Destiny Plus measured the formation of clots using an impedance method. In a theoretical part of my thesis, I described the process of formation of clots as well as the detection principles of the two analysers mentioned. I mainly focused on possible interferences which can influence the values of coagulation tests. I described how these interferences could develop, the mechanism of their influence on measured parameters and how their effects could be removed. In a practical part of my thesis, I described a preanalytic part of blood taking, the coagulation analysers and a principle of their measurement, an internal quality control and the reference values for these tests. For the coagulation tests APTT, PT and fibrinogen were used patient's normal, haemolytic, lipemic and icteric plasma. T-test done in Microsoft Excel was used to assess similarities or differences between the optical and measured impedance results. To see the differences between methods, graphs of mean values of each method were created. For the conclusion of my...
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