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Establishment of new methods for detection of selected polymorphisms in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib mesylate
Kupčová, Markéta ; Pecka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Fátorová, Ilona (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Markéta Kupčová Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Miroslav Pecka CSc. Consultant: Mgr. Filip Vrbacký Title of diploma thesis: The introduction of new methods for detection of selected polymorphisms in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with Imatinib mesylate. Chronic myelogenous leukemia is a hematopoetic cancer characterized by the presence BCR / ABL fusion gene with pathological tyrosine kinase activity which causes uncontrolled proliferation of cells primarily granulocytic line. Revolution in the treatment of this disease, but also in the forecast, recorded discovery of inhibitors of tyrosine kinases, which in recent years has used with great success. The first inhibitor was Imatinib mesylate, which inhibit the activity of tyrosine kinases, however in some patients could arise resistance and treatment failure, which can be caused by many factors, which include the polymorphisms in the genes responsible for the transport and metabolism of the substance. For the thesis were selected genes whose products are involved in the transport and biotransformation Imatinib mesylate. Genes ABCB1, ABCG2, SLC22A1 and CYP3A5. These genes were genotyped chosen SNP by allelic...
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Comparison of basic coagulation methods - APTT, PT, FBG by mechanical and optical principle
Hricová, Júlia ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Sadílek, Petr (referee)
In my thesis, the basic coagulation methods APTT, PT and fibrinogen were compared with the use of an optical and impedance principle. The coagulation analyser Sysmex CA 7000 was used for measuring coagulation tests using an optical method and the coagulation analyser AMAX Destiny Plus measured the formation of clots using an impedance method. In a theoretical part of my thesis, I described the process of formation of clots as well as the detection principles of the two analysers mentioned. I mainly focused on possible interferences which can influence the values of coagulation tests. I described how these interferences could develop, the mechanism of their influence on measured parameters and how their effects could be removed. In a practical part of my thesis, I described a preanalytic part of blood taking, the coagulation analysers and a principle of their measurement, an internal quality control and the reference values for these tests. For the coagulation tests APTT, PT and fibrinogen were used patient's normal, haemolytic, lipemic and icteric plasma. T-test done in Microsoft Excel was used to assess similarities or differences between the optical and measured impedance results. To see the differences between methods, graphs of mean values of each method were created. For the conclusion of my...
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Implementation of Antiplatelet Therapy Monitoring on the Analyzer Multiplate
Trenčanská, Šárka ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Sadílek, Petr (referee)
This study describes the implementation of antiplatelet therapy monitoring on the analyzer Multiplate that works on the principle of impedance aggregometry. We used to determine four tests - ASPItest used for monitoring acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) therapy, ADPtest and ADPtestHS used to monitoring thienopyridines treatment and TRAPtest , which is used to monitoring treatment with GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors. The aim of this study was to verify the accuracy of this method for individual tests, to determine its own reference limits and compare them with literature data and on a group of cardiac patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin 100 mg per day and clopidogrel 75 mg per day) to assess any resistance to these drugs. Accuracy of the method we verified the group of 10 blood donors without any treatment. Each sample was repeatedly measured 5 times and from the measured values we calculated coefficients of variation. Our values of coefficients of variation from the values given by the manufacturer (CV 6 - 10 %) did not differ significantly (ASPItest: CV 8.7 %, ADPtest: CV 8.8 %, ADPtestHS: CV 13.3 % and TRAPtest: CV 12.1 %). We also verified on a group of 32 blood donors without any treatment reference ranges AUC for single tests, which were compared with reference limits from the literature....
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Examination of Cellular Elements in the Cerebrospinal Fluid on the Analyser Sysmex XE-5000 by Method of "Body Fluid".
Davídková, Jana ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
Cerebrospinal fluid is examined using a variety of methods, which also include determining the number and type of each cell. Now the method of the first choice to determine the cellular elements is a microscopic method. This determination, however, can also be done using the analyzer method, which is not yet so widespread. The aim of my thesis was to compare these two methods and determine whether the examination of cerebrospinal fluid on the analyzer Sysmex XE-5000 in the "Body Fluid" mode can replace commonly used microscopic methods. To this purpose, we gathered the laboratory data measured by using both these methods. These data was compared, evaluated and statistically processed. The resulting data suggest that the values measured on the analyzer Sysmex XE-5000 are more accurate than from microscopic determination, especially at highly cell samples of cerebrospinal fluid. To this end, we came evaluation of Bland-Altman graphs and comparison graphs with marked of limits of physiological oligocytosis. For checking of the accuracy of measurements, we verified the repeatability of the analyzer for the values of leukocytes and erythrocytes, coefficients of variation corresponding to the values specified by the manufacturer's documentation. We also investigated the stability of samples of...
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Laboratory diagnostics of anemias
Halamková, Renata ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Vrbacký, Filip (referee)
1 ABSTRACT This bachelor theses deals with anaemia, one of the most common hematological diseases. The introductory part of this work defines the possible causes of this disease and its clinical picture. The following part includes the logical division of different types of anaemia accompanied with examples of real cases. Main focus of the theses was put on sideropenic and megaloblastic anaemia, as they occur considerably in the population.
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Correlation of measured data analyzer Sysmex XT-4000i and microscopic findings on examination of pleural and pericardial effusions.
Ďuračová, Kamila ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
Autor: Kamila Ďuračová Název: Korelace dat naměřených analyzátorem Sysmex XT-4000i s mikroskopickým nálezem při vyšetření pleurálních a perikardiálních výpotků Bakalářská práce Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové Studijní obor: Zdravotní laborant Abstract The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare two kinds of measurements of cells with high fluorescence (so called HF-BF cells) - in particular mesothelial cells, activated macrophages and malignant cells. One measurement was conducted with the analyser Sysmex XT-4000i, the other one was done with a microscope. In both cases pericardial effusions were measured. The goal of this thesis is to find out, if the limit of 1% HF-BF cells, above which a microscopic inspection has to be conducted, is sufficient, and if there are no cells of malign origin found in the sample below this limit. The obtained data is statistically evaluated to analyse the agreement between the two measurements with the help of Bland-Altman plots, and then both kinds of measurements are used to confirm the 1% boundary limit for sample negativity. Methods: Pleural and pericardial effusions were measured on the haematology analyser Sysmex XT-4000i. The used measurement mode was "Body Fluid", which is based on the principle of fluorescent flow cytometry and...
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Comparison of differential leukocyte count set by the analyzer Beckman Coulter LH 750 and by microscope in the group of pediatric hemato- oncology patients
Šturmová, Michaela ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Vrbacký, Filip (referee)
In my thesis I focused on comparing a differential leukocyte count (DIF) determined by the analyzer and by microscope in the group of pediatric oncological and hemato-oncological patients. Thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part includes an explanation of the process of hematopoiesis, the development of blood cells and the characteristic of time series, a decription of hemato-oncological and oncological diseases which occur most frequently in the monitored group of pediatric patients, and their treatment. In a practical part is described a determination of the DIF by the analyzer Beckman Coulter LH 750 and by microscope Meopta. I measured a blood count with the differencial leukocyte count, I made a blood smear and I evaluated microscopically it, in the selected group of pediatric patients. The results were reported in the tables and statistically processed using paired t-test in GraphPad Prism and were created graphs. An aim of this thesis was to explore and evaluate further the differences between the two methods. In 19,32% of patients in the test group was not evaluated the DIF by the analyzer . They were patients with the fresh catch of acute leukemia, were they applied growth factors or were they the patients after chemotherapy. If in such cases analyzer...
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Possibilities of Laboratory Diagnostics of Lupus Anticoagulant Antibodies in the Special Hematology Laboratory of the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague
Rybníčková, Soňa ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Sadílek, Petr (referee)
Rybníčková Soňa THE POSSIBILITY OF ASSESSMENT OF LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT ANTIBODIES IN HEMATOLOGY LABORATORY IKEM IN PRAGUE Bachelor thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Laboratory Technician Background Diagnosis of the Lupus Anticoagulant is very complicated due to a missing completely reliable screening test and whenever the presence of prolonged clotting times on a routine plasma test is detected, the other potential causes besides LA is needed to exclude. The aim of the thesis is focused on a possibilities of testing the Lupus Anticoagulant in our Clinical Haematology Department in the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine inclusive of ambiguity measured results interpretation and a necessity to abide by the conditions of a preanalytic phase. In addition, clinical manifestation and laboratory criteria assessment as well as a possible interferences in Lupus Anticoagulant testing are also discussed. Methods The theoretical part is focused on a basic mechanism of haemostasis, on an effect of antiphospholipid antibodies, the diagnostic kriteria inclusive of a treatment guidelines. The practical part is focused on importance of the preanalytical phase, principally on necessity of a double centrifugation tube method (to obtain platelet pure plasma). More over is...
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Detection of thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies in the Eastern Bohemia region in 1995 - 2015. (Retrospective study)
Rožcová, Lucie ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to describe the occurence of the thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies in eastern region of Czech Republic. The data of the patients were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were examined in the hematological laboratory. The examination was performed in the University Hospital in Hradec Králové since 1996 to 2015. In the theoretical part is shortly described hemoglobin, his structure and functions. Futher on there are described congenital diseases - thalasemias and hemeglobinopathies. The diagnostical methods, laboratory findings and therapy are also mentioned. The practical part is focused on diagnostical methods, which are used at the University Hospital in Hradec Kralové. Some of them are complete blood count, diferencial count blood smears and hemoglobin electrophoresis. The obtained laboratory data were statisticaly evaluated and compared with global occurrence of thalasemies and hemeglobinopathies. Key words: thalassemia, hemoglobinopathy, blood count, hemoglobin electrophoresis
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