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Elicitation of bioactive compounds production in in vitro cultures of Panax ginseng
Syslová, Eliška ; Skálová, Lenka (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Eliška Syslová Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Lenka Skálová, Ph.D. Thesis title: Elicitation of bioactive compounds production in in vitro cultures of Panax ginseng This diploma thesis is focused on the study of affecting the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer and is focused on increasing the production of biologically active polyacetylenes and ginsenosides in in vitro root cultures by various elicitors. The effect of the concentration of elicitors and growth regulators on the production of root biomass and secondary metabolites was researched. The carriers of the main pharmacological actions of Panax ginseng are ginsenosides and polyacetylenes. The root cultures were cultivated in the liquid medium in the dark at 24 ± 1řC. During the 27 day the sterile elicitation was done and a week later it was harvested. The samples were processed according to the optimized procedure, separately for UPLC analysis of ginsenosides and UPLC analysis of polyacetylenes as well. The presence of individual elicitors influenced the growth of biomass and the amount of ginsenosides and polyacetylenes in the samples.
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Metabolism of isoflavonoids in human organism
Šramarová, Pavlína ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Jahodář, Luděk (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Bc. Pavlína Šramarová Diploma thesis supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D. Title of thesis 2015/2016: Metabolism of isoflavonoids in human organism, pp. 54 Isoflavonoids are subgroup of flavonoids, belonging to the phytoestrogenic compounds. These compounds occur especially in leguminous, mainly in soya (Glycine max (L.) Merr). They have a positive impact on human health, especially for its estrogenic effects, due to which are applied in the fight against osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis and for moderation of menopausal symptoms. Furthermore they exhibit antibacterial activity and protect cells against damage of DNA. This thesis deals with their metabolism and action in human and animal organism, also with the influence of intestinal microflora to transform these isoflavonoids into metabolites, as well as the effects of these metabolites. There are also mentioned these isoflavonoids: daidzein, genistein, biochanin A, formononetin, calycosin, prunetin, puerarin, cladrin, tectorigenin and kakkalid. Key words: isoflavonoids, metabolism, human organism
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Iron-chelating effects of flavonoid metabolites - small polyphenolic substances
Vavřichová, Nikol ; Macáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical botanic and ekology Candidate: Nikol Vavřichová Supervisor: Ing. Kateřina Macáková Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Iron - chelating effects of flavonoid metabolites - small polyphenolic substances (2015/2016) Iron is a trace element which is necessary for function of an organism. There is no specific excretion mechanism for iron, therefore any deflection causes deficiency or abundance. Iron abundance leads to hemochromatosis. An application of iron chelators is a treatment of choice for hemochromatosis. There are three clinically used chelators for treatment of iron overload: deferoxamine, deferasirox and deferiprone. These drugs are inappropriate for therapy (side effects, dosage form). Therefore there is a place for serching for new types of medicine for treatment of hemochromatosis. Flavonoids are natural substances with positive influence on a human organism. The most investigated effects are antioxidant and chelating activity. As flavonoids are metabolised in a human body, there is an arising question if flavonoid metabolites are also able to chelate iron ions. For this work we chose derivates of benzoic acid: benzoic acid, 3 - hydroxybenzoic acid, 4 - hydroxybenzoic acid, 2,4 - dihydroxybenzoic...
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Antioxidants of natural origin influencing metabolic syndrome
Dlabajová, Denisa ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Dlabajová D., Antioxidants of natural origin influencing metabolic syndrome, Diploma thesis 2015/2016, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, pp. 61. Large amounts of substances are extracted from plants found all over the world that show antioxidant activity, which prohibits the formation of free radicals. This activity could be beneficial in preventing and curing risk factors of metabolic syndrome. The selection of plants with this effect is shown in my diploma thesis (for example Salvia limbata, Lupinus luteus, Rosmarinus officinalis, Pueraria lobata etc.), which is divided into plant extracts, culinary plants and substances with significant antioxidant activity. Keywords: plants, antioxidants, metabolic syndrome
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Assessment of chelation of cupric ions with flavones by use of hematoxylin method
Tamborová, Barbora ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Sklenářová, Hana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical botanic and ecology Candidate: Mgr. Barbora Tamborová Consultant: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Assessment of chelation of cupric ions with flavones by use of hematoxylin method Copper is an essential trace element involved in many physiological processes. It is a part of several enzymes. Disruption of copper homeostasis results in pathological changes and diseases, excess of copper is highly toxic for human body. Flavonoids, the ubiquitous plant secondary metabolites, are highly abundant in the human diet. They represent a large group of polyphenolic compounds. They are characterized by a broad spectrum of biological activities. The anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, cytotoxic and anticancer effects of flavonoids are well documented. Flavones belong to the group of flavonoids, they have chelating and antioxidative properties. They are known for their anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and antiallergic activity. This thesis deals with chelating activity of six selected flavones, substituted on the A ring, namely 5-hydroxyflavone, baicalein, baicalin, chrysin, mosloflavone and negletein. Individual analyses were preformed using...
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Ecotoxicological evaluation of biologically active substances
Čeganová, Renáta ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Bc. Renáta Čeganová Supervisor: RNDr. Jitka Vytlačilová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Ecotoxicological evaluation of biologically active substances For the observation of the ecotoxicological effects was selected griseofulvin that can be used as antifungal drug and local anesthetic dibucaine hydrochloride. Their analysis was performed by using a multigenerational test with a protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila, Rotoxkit F test with a rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus and algal test with Desmodesmus subspicatus. The mortality or inhibitory effects of the test substances on the growth of organisms was observed. The most sensitive of the test organisms for dibucaine hydrochloride was rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus and for griseofulvin it was alga Desmodesmus subspicatus. Keywords: ecotoxicity, biologically active substances, endpoint, biotests
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Plants as source of coumarins
Staszková, Barbora ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical botanic and ecology Candidate: Barbora Staszková Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Plants as source of coumarins Plants are source of a wide range of substances called secondary metabolites. These substances include also coumarins, derivatives of a lactone of o-hydroxycinnamic acid. They are found in many plant species and are specific especially for the family Apiaceae, Rutaceae or Fabaceae. They can be produced by some microorganisms. They have many effects in the treatment of vascular, gastrointestinal or infectious diseases. Properties, uses and sources some of these are the subject of this diploma thesis. KEYWORDS: coumarins, secondary metabolites, effects
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Copper reducing effects of flavones
Jeřábková, Markéta ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Filipský, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradci Králové Department of Pharmaceutical botanic and ecology Candidate: Mgr. Markéta Jeřábková Consultant: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Copper reducing effects of flavones Free radicals are commonly present in our organism, however, in case of their accumulation it could cause many diseases. Copper is an important trace element which is essential for many biological processes. On the other hand, copper can catalyze processes which produce damaging radicals. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds with many biological effects. The most important is antioxidant activity which protects us from free radicals. Flavonids can also have a prooxidant effect. This thesis was focused on a detection of the reducing activity of flavones (mosloflavone, luteolin, apigenin, crysin, diosmin, 5-hydroxyflavone, baicalin, baicalein, negletein, apigenin-7-glucoside) at different pH. A reducing activity of surveyed flavones was taken by the methodics of spectrophotometric analysis with the use of a selective indicator of cuprous ionts formed in bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt at different pH. A reducing activity depends on the structure of flavones and pH environment. From the definition of the relation between the structure of a flavone...
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Contemporary using of medicinal Cannabis in the Czech Republic
Houdková, Tereza ; Jahodář, Luděk (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Mgr. Tereza Houdková Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Luděk Jahodář, Csc. Title of doctoral thesis: Contemporary using of medicinal Cannabis in the Czech Republic Cannabis. The plant, which is seen quite controversial. The plant, which has an excellent therapeutic effects, on the other hand, a drug that is frowned upon by many people. With the coming of legalization of therapeutic cannabis in the Czech Republi, the issue gets into the public awareness. The aim of this work is the mapping of legislation and the attitudes of institutions to the official use of cannabis as a drug substance.
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Evaluation of alkaloids using in vivo tests with Artemia salina I.
Balíková, Barbora ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Barbora Balíková Consultant: RNDr. Jitka Vytlačilová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The evaluation of alkaloids using in vivo tests with Artemia salina I. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia and it is one of the lifestyle diseases. There is so far available only limited symptomatic treatment and the occurrence of the lifestyle diseases (and thus Alzheimer's disease) is increasing in recent decades. Therefore it is necessary to find new compounds which will be effective in the treatment of this disease. Toxicological screening - which was our task - is the part of the research of each substance. For the evaluation of the acute toxicity appears as a suitable organism brine shrimp Artemia salina, which was used in the experiment for the purposes of this work. The experiment was conducted in a miniaturized environment. There were tested three substances belonged to the isoquinoline alkaloids: californidine, papaverine and morphine. As the most toxic was evaluated alkaloid californidine, alkaloid papaverine had less toxicity. Morphine appeared essentially as nontoxic with using the same methodology and similar concentrations as in the case of californidine...
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