Kapitalismus jako hrozba, nebo podmínka demokracie? Perspektiva neo-athénského republikanismu u Arendt, Taylora a Sandela

Mužilová, Lucia

This bachelor's thesis examines the nature of the relationship between capitalism and democracy through the lens of neo-Athenian republicanism, as represented in the seminal works of Hannah Arendt, Charles Taylor, and Michael J. Sandel. The primary objective is to interpret the potential implications of the capitalist order for democratic values and, ultimately, to determine whether this philosophical tradition perceives this economic system as a threat to democracy or as a necessary condition for its existence. The study employs a qualitative method of comparative content analysis to analyze the authors' respective positions and their subsequent comparison. This approach is integrated with the framework of philosophical hermeneutics, through which key concepts such as civic virtue, the public sphere, and market society are explored. The analysis reveals a significant asymmetry in the explicitness of reflections on capitalism among the authors, while Sandel directly characterizes it as an "uneasy coexistence," in Arendt's work, this relationship is reconstructed from her broader critique of modernity. The consensus among the three analyzed authors lies in their critique of market logic, whose expansion into the public sphere undermines the foundations of the political community and transforms the...

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