Úloha rašeliníku v životním prostředí a jeho význam jako přírodního a kulturního archivu

Sciranková, Soňa

Sphagnum-dominated peatlands are globally significant ecosystems with unique properties shaped by the ecological attributes of the primary peat-forming plants- Sphagnum mosses. Through their ability to retain large volumes of water, acidify their surroundings, and slow the decomposition of organic matter, Sphagnum creates characteristically low-nutrient, poorly oxygenated settings. As a result, these feedback mechanisms drive a wide range of ecosystem functions, including providing habitats for specialized and endangered species, accumulating organic matter, and stabilizing hydrological conditions. At the same time, the reduced rate of organic decay transforms peat deposits into natural archives that preserve records of past environmental change, as well as anthropological and archaeological remains. Peatlands are highly sensitive to disturbance, and their alteration can destabilize the conditions that allow long-term carbon accumulation while simultaneously threaten the specialized biodiversity adapted to these habitats. Recognizing their vulnerability is therefore essential. Conserving and restoring peatlands helps maintain their role as carbon sinks, refugia for animal and plant species, and archives of environmental history. Keywords: Sphagnum, peat bogs, peatlands, biodiversity, climate,...

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