Original title: P2X receptory a jejich role v neurodegenerativních onemocněních
Translated title: P2X receptors and their role in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Fojtl, Martin ; Zemková, Hana (advisor) ; Vlachová, Viktorie (referee)
Document type: Bachelor's theses
Year: 2026
Language: cze
Abstract: P2X receptors are trimeric, extracellular ATP-activated, ion channels involved in a wide range of pathophysiological processes. This thesis focuses on their distribution, structure and function, with particular attention given to the P2X7 receptor and its role in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. P2X7 emerges as a key element linking extracellular damage signals to the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, cytokine production and regulation of cell death. In the context of Alzheimer's disease, P2X7 contributes to amyloidogenesis, impairs microglial clearance of amyloid-β plaques and modulates the hyperphosphorylation and spreading of tau protein. In Parkinson's disease, the P2X7 receptor mediates the neurotoxic effects of extracellular α-synuclein through oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and promotion of neuroinflammation via the NLRP3 inflammasome. The P2X4 receptor is presented in the thesis as a modulator of microglial chemotaxis and the development of neuropathic pain. Despite promising results in preclinical models, the clinical application of P2X receptor antagonists remains limited by their insufficient selectivity and poor penetration across the blood-brain barrier. Keywords: purinergic signalling, extracellular ATP, P2X7 receptor, inflammatory pain, neuroinflammation
Keywords: Extracellular ATP; Inflammatory pain; Neuroiflammation; P2X7 receptor; Purinergic signalling; extracelulární ATP; neuroinflamace; P2X7 receptor; Purinergní signalizace; zánětlivá bolest

Institution: Charles University Faculties (theses) (web)
Document availability information: Available in the Charles University Digital Repository.
Original record: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/209241

Permalink: http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-778488


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Universities and colleges > Public universities > Charles University > Charles University Faculties (theses)
Academic theses (ETDs) > Bachelor's theses