Role buněčné polarity v kraniofaciálním vývoji

Sázavská, Lucie

Craniofacial development depends on correctly established cell polarity within cranial neural crest-derived mesenchyme, as it is essential for coordinated cellular behaviours that drive the morphogenesis of facial prominences. Non-canonical Wnt5a signalling regulates these behaviours, and its dysregulation results in craniofacial malformations. This thesis aimed to extend current knowledge of the role of Wnt5a during early murine facial development, with particular focus on subcellular polarity. The study was performed using a mouse model with neural crest-specific conditional knockout of the Wnt5a gene, targeting the cell population that gives rise to most craniofacial structures. Our findings suggest that Wnt5a loss is associated with subtle changes in the orientation of primary cilia and centrosomes, as well as altered patterning of key neural crest markers, including Sox9 and Msx1, and disrupted spatial organization of proliferating cells. The study provides further insight into the role of Wnt5a signalling in early craniofacial development and suggests that Wnt5a contributes to proper morphogenesis by coordinating multiple aspects of cellular organization. Keywords: cell polarity, Wnt5a signalling, craniofacial development, neural crest cells

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