Determinanty mezidruhové variability střevní mikrobioty ptáků

Kubovčiak, Jan

Gut microbiota (GM) is an assemblage of microorganisms inhabiting lower gastrointestinal tract of animals. Ample evidence exists, that vertebrate GM plays integral role in host's fitness given its wide functional potential and tight integration with host's physiological functions, such as immune system, development, nervous system or metabolism. Crucial step necessary for understanding these interactions is description of GM composition, diversity and variability, together with mechanisms underlying evolution of GM in different hosts. However, majority of the current knowledge on GM variability is biased to mammalian models, while other vertebrates are represented mostly by domesticated species. In order to shed light on GM variability and factors that drive it under natural conditions, I chose to analyze patterns in GM composition and diversity in wild birds. Diversity and wide range of physiological and ecological adaptations exhibited by this group make it an appropriate model system for such task. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of fecal samples, I assembled GM composition profiles representing 729 individuals from 139 species including samples from both natural and captive environment, different climatic regions and seasons. Based on these data, I quantified effect of several factors...

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