Příprava a charakterizace surogátu uranového vyhořelého paliva se štěpnými produkty

Uríková, Daniela Veronika

Understanding the behaviour of fission products (FPs) is critical for advancing nuclear reactor safety and optimising radioactive waste management. This thesis presents preparation and characterisation of simulated nuclear fuel pellets based on uranium dioxide doped with volatile FPs - caesium and iodine - using spark plasma sintering (SPS). Compared to conventional sintering, SPS enables densification at lower temperatures and with shorter dwell times, facilitating the retention of temperature-sensitive species. The produced simfuel pellets are analysed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), confirming successful incorporation of Cs and I. The pellets exhibit sufficient integrity, density, and some microstructural variability for subsequent release testing. These samples will undergo advanced analyses at the VTT Centre for Nuclear Safety, Finland, including annealing experiments with aerosol monitoring and characterisation, leaching experiments and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) characterisation. The results aim to support predictive models of FP release under severe accident conditions, thus contributing to the field of nuclear materials science.

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