Vědomí a jeho sebepoznání u Williama Jamese

Nemec, Šimon

English: William James, Consciousness, Self, Self-Knowledge, Introspection, Radical Empiricism, Stream of Thought, Pluralism, Philosophy of Mind, Personal Identity, Pragmatism Abstract: This thesis investigates William James's account of consciousness, the emergence of the self, and the epistemic conditions under which self-knowledge is possible. Through a close reading of The Principles of Psychology and related texts, I reconstruct James' dynamic model of consciousness as a continuous, structured stream rather than a static repository of mental states. Against both Cartesian dualism and Humean atomism, James articulates a functional account of mental life in which attention, conception, and habit serve as organizing forces within a flux of experience. Building on this foundation, I analyze James' conception of the Self as neither a metaphysical substance nor an illusion, but as an emergent structure formed through the interrelation of memory, valuation, and social positioning. Finally, I examine the problem of introspection and the limits it imposes on self-knowledge. While James denies that the Self can be known transparently or directly, he does not render it inaccessible. Rather, self-knowledge becomes possible through the retrospective organization of the content of thought. This thesis thus offers a...

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