Funkce hydrogenosomů anaerobní houby Neocallimastix lanati

Pristašová, Paulína

Essential members of the anaerobic rumen microbiome of some herbivores are representatives of Neocallimastigomycota, a basal phylum of the fungal kingdom. These fungi contribute to the digestion of recalcitrant plant cell wall via the formation of cellulosomes, multi-enzyme extracellular complexes. Since related fungal taxa are aerobic, we decided to investigate the adaptations that enabled these rumen fungi to adopt a strictly anaerobic lifestyle. They are the only known fungal species that possess hydrogenosomes, a hydrogen-producing anaerobic adaptation of mitochondria found in some protists. By combining the proteomic method (LOPIT) with traditional biochemical, microscopic, and separation techniques, we have explored adaptations unique to fungal hydrogenosomes, including key steps in pyruvate metabolism, the complex protein import machinery, and in hydrogenosomes previously undiscovered amino acid metabolism. Based on our findings, it appears that these anaerobic rumen fungi possess the most complex hydrogenosomes known to date, making them a valuable asset in the study of anaerobic adaptations in eukaryotes. Key words: hydrogenosome, anaerobic fungi, hydrogenase, biochemistry, cell biology

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