Quorum-quenching systémy u Gram-pozitivních baktérií

Melišíková, Emma

Many virulence factors of pathogens are expressed in a cell density-dependent manner, by accumulation of signal molecules, so-called autoinducers. This phenomenon, known as quorum sensing, is found in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as in the domain Eukarya. Acting in an opposite way is quorum quenching, interfering with quorum sensing signalling by either degrading or inhibiting the synthesis of autoinducers and blocking the detection of signals. Natural quorum quenching mechanisms have been found to reduce virulence of some quorum sensing-dependent pathogens like Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus. This thesis summarizes the quorum sensing-inhibiting mechanisms found in gram-positive bacteria, with its main focus on the Actinobacteria phylum, Streptomyces genus, which is known to produce various active metabolites used in health care. The ability to inhibit expression of QS- dependent phenotypes seems to be an effective strategy in controlling virulence of pathogenic bacteria without the possible risk of inducing resistance.

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