Subtypy NG2 exprimujících buněk v mesenchymu zdravého střeva a střevních nádorů

Ťažký, Timotej

The intestinal epithelium is one of the most rapidly renewing tissues in the human body, a process sustained by highly active intestinal stem cells. However, its supporting mesenchymal layer, which plays a critical role in epithelial regulation and tumor microenvironment formation, remains relatively understudied. In this study, we characterized NG2-expressing cells within the mesenchyme of both the small and the large intestine. We identified four distinct subpopulations, including pericytes (perivascular cells), and determined their precise localization and biological functions in healthy and tumorigenic tissues. Our findings revealed that NG2-positive cells actively participate in shaping the Wnt and BMP signaling gradients essential for intestinal homeostasis in both the small and the large intestine. Moreover, these cells contribute to colon tumor progression by upregulating Wnt ligands and Rspo3 while downregulating BMP ligands, thereby promoting epithelial proliferation and inhibiting differentiation. Experimental modulation of Wnt signaling within NG2-expressing cells demonstrated their capacity to influence epithelial dynamics, with notable differences observed between the small and the large intestine. Collectively, these results highlight the pivotal role of mesenchymal NG2-positive...

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