Kosmologie a Exil na dvoře Yamato

Kroulík, Milan

Milan Kroulík Exile and Cosmology in the Wider Yamato Court Abstract (in English): The aim of this paper is twofold. In the first part I try to understand the society of Japan around the turn of the 7th and 8th centuries (Asuka to early Nara periods) with the help of a model proposed by Mary Douglas. This analysis is concerned with history, social organization, religion and the cosmology found in the chronicles it produced. These chronicles represent the world-view of the imperial family of the Yamato state, which was one of many in Early Japan. I conclude that the social reality of the aristocracy of this state was rather unstable, competitive and somewhat individualistic. In the second part I analyze myth sequences from these earliest extant Japanese chronicles. In this structural analysis I employ the knowledge gathered in the first part. It enables me to read the motif of exile as bridging a fundamental problem in a competitive society. Namely, in order for a person to become an emperor, he has to be fierce and transgressive. However as an emperor, the same person represents structure par excellence and has to be the opposite of transgression. While in exile, the formerly ambivalent character transforms into an acceptable form. The study of two chronicles yields two results. In one chronicle (Kojiki)...

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