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Ethics of Emmanuel Lévinas
HUŠEK, Jakub
The thesis is called Emmanuel Lévinas Ethics and its aim is to explain the ethical concept of this original French philosopher. The first part of the thesis is focused on important influences that were important for Lévinas' philosophical work. The next part of the thesis deals with dialogical personalism as a philosophical direction into which Lévinas is most often classified. The third and most important part deals with the motives that led Lévinas to the elaboration of his ethical theses and subsequently parts of these theses are processed. It turns out that the basic aspect of his theory is the social relationship of the 'I' with the Second, through which the path to transcendence leads .Lévinas' conception is considered as a sort of ethical turn in philosophy and can be considered as a return to man. Properly conceived ethics based on respect, Levinas considers being "prima Philosophia".
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Communications in the period of totality and democracy. (Specification in comparison of new year speeches of presidents G.Husak and V. Havel)
Petrovická, Barbora ; Stracený, Josef (advisor) ; Jirásková, Věra (referee)
This thesis deals with the influence of totalitarian and democratic regime at the communication abilities and possibilities of then presidents in our country. The theoretical part distinguishes between political and apolitical communication. Besides other things, it focuses on the characteristics of totalitarianism and democracy and describes the dispositions of language system at both regimes. It also includes a brief history of New Year's speeches and their language particularities because the theoretical part is focused exactly on those communication opportunities. The practical part focuses on the analysis of New Year's speeches of the last totalitarian and the first democratic presidents, with only that exact speech being analysed in detail in both cases. The life stories of both personages are also taken into consideration. Speeches are analysed from the content, linguistic and psychological viewpoint, emphasis being on the meaning of the entire communication. In the conclusion it is attempted to introduce the comparison of both speakers and their communication abilities. KEYWORDS communication, totality, democracy, New Year's speeches, Gustav Husak, Vaclav Havel
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Status and Activities of the Official and the Underground Church in Czechoslovakia in the 1968-1989 Period
Dušková, Denisa ; Rychlík, Jan (advisor) ; Kopeček, Michal (referee)
(in English): The goal of this thesis is to examine post-war development of undercover and official church in Czechoslovakia, specifically between years 198-1989. This thesis is focused mainly on activity and status of Roman Catholic Church and its relation to the state governed by communism. Thesis deals mostly with unofficial ecclesiastical activities and underground groups, in particular with Koinótés community led by key figure of secret church, Felix M. Davídek. The main source is a set of interrogation protocols made by State Security police dealing with the secret ecclesiastical acitivites of the community formed around Bishop Fridolin Zahradnik.
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Czech Literary Anarchism in the Context of Socialism and the Women's Movement (1890-1914)
Hylmar, Radek ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Wiendl, Jan (referee) ; Merhautová, Lucie (referee)
Czech Literary Anarchism in the Context of Socialism and the Women's Movement (1890-1914) Abstract The thesis focuses on Czech pre-WWI anarchism. It analyses it as a modernist movement comprising various activities spanning political propaganda, proposals of social organisation and thinking about moral values as well views on the arts and literary production. The aim is to present literary texts written by anarchists against a backdrop of other types of expression. At the same time, the thesis assesses anarchism in the historical context of other political, social, artistic and philosophical movements. We study the interweaving of ideological and aesthetic schemes of Czech anarchism, especially with socialism and feminism, but also concerning decadence, Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy and writings of the German Friedrichshagen poets' and anarchists' circle. The thesis focuses on how anarchism understands human beings and their relationship to the world and society. Given the anarchists' focus on the free individual, we present strategies of emancipation from traditional conventions and institutions such as marriage, family and the state. We also concentrate on reforms concerning morals and similarities with the feminist turn to one's own bodily and psychical experiences as starting points for setting...
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Oldrich John - rise and fall of a politician
Pácl, Bohumil ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Tůma, Oldřich (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with Oldřich John, the first chairman od The National Assembly of the Czechoslovakian republic after February 1948, as the top representative of social democracy who participated in mergering the social democracy and Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and therefore in development of totalitarian regime, which led into his political descent, also with careluf contribution of State Security. Author of the thesis establishes the key theory, that such a man, who is due to his talent, abilities and ambitions predestined to become a politician, in fact made great contribution to the victory od non-democracy regime, so this newborn regime could bring him down just for being homo politicus. The development of John's political career, evolution of his personal characteristic, qualities, ways and means of communication is described down to available sources, including eyewitness to his acting, authentic records, media resources, and also by personal profile analysis of politically active person brought by science books. On the basis of results of this thesis we may come to the conclusion about political elite's responsibility in the context of political turns in February 1948.
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The concept of the biblical narratives in the Czech art of the 20th century from the late 40th to the beginning of the normalization
Filipcová, Marie ; Klimešová, Marie (advisor) ; Jindra, Petr (referee)
The thesis mainly deals with the specifics of Czech art at the time of communist totality. The main objective was to focus on the artists who due to circumstances found themselves at the edge of a cultural society. They were reconciled with this situation as they refused to betray the beliefs and denominations they confessed. The fundamental common point of their artistic freedom is the choice of themes. In this case it is the biblical theme that was first associated in the fifties with coping with existentialist feelings. And later on with finding artistic expression, which would contain spiritual overlap. In the first part we follow up iconographic parallels. In the second part we deal with individual authors and contexts that determined their artistic creation. In the group of authors are those who are engaged systematically in themes. Among others A. Divis, B. Reynek, I. Sobotka, V. Novakova, M. Medek, J. Koblasa and R. Piesen. In conclusion there is a treatise on contemporary philosophical trends that are connected with creation of our authors.
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National Security Corps 1945-1948
Ondrák, Vlastimil ; Šedivý, Ivan (advisor) ; Rychlík, Jan (referee)
The thesis unravels the problem of creation of Sbor národní bezpečnosti in Czechoslovakia in both of its sections, Public Security and State's Inner Security. The thesis observes the period of 1945- 1948. The intention of the thesis is to form a compact view on a development of the most important office of inner security whose the most important parts had fallen under the control of Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and had become the basic pillar of communist rule until 1989. The thesis also unravels the organisation, counts, decrees, equipment and function of SNB and its relation to the law system including illegal actions commited by members of SNB. The thesis relays on materials located in Security Units Archive Praha Na Struze and Siwiecova Ulice, its extention in Brno Kanice, Archive of the Museum of the Police of the Czech Republic and a publication of J. Dvořáčková "Státní bezpečnost v letech 1945-1953". Keywords National security corp, police, security, February 1948, intelligence service, secret service, totality
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United States-Soviet Union relations and INF treat in the Czechoslovakian newscast in 1985-1987
Bezvodová, Michaela ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
Bachelor's thesis The US-Soviet Relations in the "Television newscast" of Czechoslovak Television on the Example of El Salvador in 1981 analyses the US-Soviet relations in the main news program of Czechoslovak Television (CST) in 1981, on the example of El Salvador's civil war. The thesis describes the early-80's atmosphere and relations between the two "superpowers" during the Cold War. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the legislative measures which were dependent on the totalitarian regime in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (CSSR); it introduces the basic terminology of a news service and raises the question of media manipulation. Then the thesis describes secondary the US-Soviet relations from the late 70's until the beginning of the first term of Ronald Reagan as a president, and the change in policy towards to the Soviet Union (SSSR) after the governing of Jimmy Carter in the Office of President. The practical part of this thesis describes the development of US-Soviet relations during the year 1981, as it was reflected in the main news program the "Television newscast" - quarterly introduces the major events, political meetings and using content analysis to interpret the meaning of the totalitarian news service on the examples of El Salvador's civil war and on the other...
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The symbol of time - "patriotic" priest Josef Plojhar
Adamus, Jakub ; Činátl, Kamil (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compose biographical essay of the life of catholic priest Josef Plojhar, from his childhood to the beginning of fifties in the 20th century. Up to now unknown sources will be employed and with regard to absence of sources' platform partly oral historical sources will be used. I will follow his personal life, social situation of his family, problematic question of his germanization, career as a priest and consequential transformation to the profane sphere, the years in concentration camps and the years after 1945.
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