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Effective proposal and operation of recycling line as an element in waste management
Dufka, Martin ; Janošťák, František (referee) ; Gregor, Jiří (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the current situation of waste management of material usable municipal waste with focus on various fractions of plastics. The theoretical part summarises the legislation of waste treatment, also contains an analysis of the current situation of waste management in the Czech Republic and comparison the situation in the European Union. In the next part of thesis are described basic fractions of plastics and their properties. There are mentioned the current problems with plastics processing and the risks of leakage to the environment. Furthermore, a complex chain of plastic waste reprocessing is described, since the inception of plastics waste to the manufacture of products made from recycled plastics. The most attention is paid to the discription of recycling plant, where the output material from sorting lines is reprocessed into a secondary material in the form of flakes or granules. Also this part is focused on the technology of recycling line and the individual devices are described. In the practical part of the thesis is created techno-economic model of recycling line with the aim of its use for balance calculations of recycling and also economic evaluation. As a part of the model was made a market research of secondary raw materials with a focus on price development. Subsequetly, sensitivity analyzes of selected parameters are applied to the model and the impact of scenarios on the economic results are evaluated.
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Waste building materials to base layers of the pavements
Žďára, Zbyněk ; Hýzl, Petr (referee) ; Stehlík, Dušan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, there is processed information about recycled construction waste and their possible use in road construction in the form of research. The individual chapters deal with the description of these materials, their production, their use in base layers of the pavement and attention is also paid to their problematic features and foreign experience. In the practical part, laboratory samples of recycled asphalt pavement and recycled aggregates were tested. The main purpose was to find out if it was possible to use a mixture of recycled asphalt pavement and recycled aggregates in the base layers of the pavement with a low traffic load. Another purpose was to compare the properties of mixtures with different content of both recycled materials and to see how the bearing capacity of these mixtures changes when an elevated temperature is applied to them.
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Recycling of phosphorus from waste water
Szotkowski, Matěj ; Bojanovský, Jiří (referee) ; Brummer, Vladimír (advisor)
The focus of this thesis is to create an overview of methods that are used to recycle phosphorus from waste products, primarily from wastewater. The first section of the thesis is dedicated to problems stemming from the limitations of phosphorus resources, their usage and legislative background of phosphorus recycling. Next the physicochemical and biological methods of phosphorus recycling from wastewater and products of its further processing in WWTP are addressed. This part of the thesis contains description of phosphorus recycling methods, their final products and implemented technologies. Brief review regarding the recycling of phosphorus from other waste products including the description of implemented methods follows. In the subsequent part the economic analysis of a chosen phosphorus recycling method (PASCH) is conducted. In the analysis the legislation, processing plant and individual expenditures connected with the method are described. Findings obtained and gathered during the process of the thesis creation are discussed and summarized in the conclusion.
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Castings from TiAl alloys for the turbochargers
Kudýn, David ; Malec, Silvestr (referee) ; Zemčík, Ladislav (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the analysis of intermetallic alloys TiAl. First of all, it is analysed their properties and the way how they change depends on their treatment and influencing of alloying elements. Then ways of utilization in practice are stated here. Attention is concentrated especially on turbochargers wheel and their comparison to convention materials. After that individual options of melting and casting and materials for melting crucibles and moulds associated with them are there discussed. In the end, the thesis has analysed the ways of recycling of residual material.
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Research of soil reuse technology in the form of self-compacting grouts
Michalčíková, Magdaléna ; Kolář,, Karel (referee) ; Turček,, Peter (referee) ; Sokolář, Radomír (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
The increasing volume of waste of all kinds is currently a phenomenon of economically developed society and one of the problems of environmental protection. It is therefore imperative, in the interest of sustainable development, to monitor impacts related to the impact on our ecology, to regulate waste production by legislation and universally promote their reuse and recycling. Construction and demolition waste occupy a significant share of the total waste volume. This category also includes excavated soils. Recycling of these materials could significantly reduce the amount of landfilled waste and at the same time, these materials could be used as an important source of secondary raw materials. The doctoral thesis describes the research and development of the new technology of reuse soils in the form of self-compacting grouts. The result of the solution will be a suspension of optimal rheological properties, providing a perfect leaking around the stored utility networks. Emphasis will be placed on the study of the interaction of different types of soils with the stabilizers, flowable or plasticizing additives and its typical dispersible substance, including verification of the developed technology in situ.
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Production of crusher on the plastic waste
Květoun, Jan ; Kandus, Bohumil (referee) ; Žák, Ladislav (advisor)
This thesis is focused on designing and manufacturing a shredder for plastic waste 2H for small companies, households and blocks of flats. Thesis contains brief description of plastics, their properties and usage in praxis. It deals with excessive production of plastic, noncircular economy of waste and unsatisfactory processing of plastic waste. There are examples of collecting, sorting and recycling technologies and their application in praxis. It consists of current overview of shredders available on Czech and Slovak market and their comparison. Practical part of this thesis focuses on design itself, its components, parameters and economic issues of manufacturing. Annex contains 3D model of shredder assembly, bought components overview, assembly drawings and photo documentation of created shredder.
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NEO (an unnamed ecological art object)
Molišová, Kateřina ; Lungová, Barbora (referee) ; Klodová, Lenka (advisor)
This bachelor thesis – The Sphere/The Planet – is based on the recycling of waste found in the nature to an art object. The Planet is centred on my need to participate in bringing the landscape back to its original state while also reacting to humanity's attitude to the waste production and its influence on nature. I bind and shape the found waste into a planet-shaped sphere that is meant to be a reflection and companion of the planet Earth which is overfilled by the waste produced by humans. The whole process of creation is recorded on the video that is also part of the installation.
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Recycling plants in the Czech Republic
Průžková, Kateřina ; Kropáč, Jiří (referee) ; Gregor, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on recycling the municipal waste components (glass, paper, plastic). First part of the thesis contains a research into the current state of the waste management and its collection technologies. The following chapter consists in description of the waste components, their recycling and utilization as secondary raw materials including resource efficiency during the plastic recycling. The next part of the work comprises the list of recycling plants, which is sorted by the type of the waste processed. A separate chapter is focused on the technology of the plastic processing recycling line and its energy intensity. Subsequently, the cost of this recycling line and its components is introduced.
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