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Study of rehabilitation alternatives of the selected part of the sewerage network
Dvořák, Pavel ; Prax,, Petr (referee) ; Raclavský, Jaroslav (advisor)
The theme of this bachelor thesis is elaboration, evaluation and comparison of alternative ways of solving the reconstruction of a part of a sewer network. For this purpose, this bachelor thesis is divided to two parts. In the first part, there is a researchof the metods used for repair and reconstruction of a sewer network, with the greatest emphasis being placed on methods of renovation, whose goal is to improve the functional and operational properties of the sewer. There are also descriptions of technological procedures, usability area and the basic technical parameters from manufacturers. In the second part, the acquired knowledge is applied in the solution of the reconstruction of the real sewer network, namely in the urban part of Znojmo, Znojmo - město, the residential area of Pražská street. Two solutions have been developed. At first variant only trenchless technologies were considered, in the second variant a recovery of the pipeline by open trench.
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Mathematic Modelling of Reverse Osmosis System Design for Detection of Estrogens in Water
Siegel, Jan ; Skopalík, Josef (referee) ; Bittner, Michal (advisor)
Estrogen compounds are a subgroup of the environmental pollutants named Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals. It is a large group of chemicals which are capable of causing hormonal imbalance of an organism and affecting its reproductive, developmental or behavioral functions. In the environment, they are found in very low concentrations (below ng/l). This makes their detection and elimination highly problematic. The Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX) has been developing an experimental device which employes reverse osmosis (RO) to concentrate the trace amounts of micropollutants (e.g. estrogens). The aim is to lower the detection limit of subsequent analytical methods. RO seems to be a promising alternative to commonly used methods which are more time consuming and costly. The aim of this thesis is to create a mathematical model of RO, which would describe the process of estrogen concentration and therefore could contribute to the optimization of experimental device. The mathematical model was created in MATLAB-simulink and verified by comparison to thirteen experimental results. The solutions used to test the model were NaCl at 0.002–2 g/l and drinking water with 17-ethinylestradiol of 25 ng/l. In order to concentrate the retentate on a flat-sheet RO membrane the model achieves a mean relative error in the range of 0.9–4.9 % for NaCl and drinking water. For the concentration of estrogens the deflection is 3.6 %. Comparing the model and experimental concentration of NaCl on a spiral wound RO-membrane, the deviation is in the range of 5.9–8.7 %. So far, ratio of retentate volume from the beginning to the end of the process has been used to determine the process recovery. However, due to the results obtained in the thesis, this approach appears inaccurate. A more accurate recovery would likely be achieved by using the theoretical concentration value obtained by the proposed mathematical model. However, to increase reliability, the further measurements with estrogens are needed, and also to determine the causes of deflection of model and experimental retentate volume values at the end of the concentration
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Study of rehabilitation alternatives of the selected part of the sewerage network
Dvořák, Pavel ; Prax,, Petr (referee) ; Raclavský, Jaroslav (advisor)
The theme of this bachelor thesis is elaboration, evaluation and comparison of alternative ways of solving the reconstruction of a part of a sewer network. For this purpose, this bachelor thesis is divided to two parts. In the first part, there is a researchof the metods used for repair and reconstruction of a sewer network, with the greatest emphasis being placed on methods of renovation, whose goal is to improve the functional and operational properties of the sewer. There are also descriptions of technological procedures, usability area and the basic technical parameters from manufacturers. In the second part, the acquired knowledge is applied in the solution of the reconstruction of the real sewer network, namely in the urban part of Znojmo, Znojmo - město, the residential area of Pražská street. Two solutions have been developed. At first variant only trenchless technologies were considered, in the second variant a recovery of the pipeline by open trench.
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Mathematic Modelling of Reverse Osmosis System Design for Detection of Estrogens in Water
Siegel, Jan ; Skopalík, Josef (referee) ; Bittner, Michal (advisor)
Estrogen compounds are a subgroup of the environmental pollutants named Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals. It is a large group of chemicals which are capable of causing hormonal imbalance of an organism and affecting its reproductive, developmental or behavioral functions. In the environment, they are found in very low concentrations (below ng/l). This makes their detection and elimination highly problematic. The Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX) has been developing an experimental device which employes reverse osmosis (RO) to concentrate the trace amounts of micropollutants (e.g. estrogens). The aim is to lower the detection limit of subsequent analytical methods. RO seems to be a promising alternative to commonly used methods which are more time consuming and costly. The aim of this thesis is to create a mathematical model of RO, which would describe the process of estrogen concentration and therefore could contribute to the optimization of experimental device. The mathematical model was created in MATLAB-simulink and verified by comparison to thirteen experimental results. The solutions used to test the model were NaCl at 0.002–2 g/l and drinking water with 17-ethinylestradiol of 25 ng/l. In order to concentrate the retentate on a flat-sheet RO membrane the model achieves a mean relative error in the range of 0.9–4.9 % for NaCl and drinking water. For the concentration of estrogens the deflection is 3.6 %. Comparing the model and experimental concentration of NaCl on a spiral wound RO-membrane, the deviation is in the range of 5.9–8.7 %. So far, ratio of retentate volume from the beginning to the end of the process has been used to determine the process recovery. However, due to the results obtained in the thesis, this approach appears inaccurate. A more accurate recovery would likely be achieved by using the theoretical concentration value obtained by the proposed mathematical model. However, to increase reliability, the further measurements with estrogens are needed, and also to determine the causes of deflection of model and experimental retentate volume values at the end of the concentration
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Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in children and young adults
TURKOVÁ, Aneta
Diabetes mellitus is a disease resulting in disordered metabolism of carbohydrates. They include very serious metabolic diseases but still one third of patients remain undiagnosed. Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. It can affect children of any age. Diabetes mellitus type 1 occurs more often in children. Diabetes mellitus type 2 was once considered to be only a disease of adults, but today there is an alarming increase of incidence in children and young adults as a result of improper lifestyle and severe obesity. In the theoretical part of my thesis I deal with the issue of hyperglycaemia and I present laboratory methods used to diagnose diabetes mellitus and long-term or short-term compensation of this disease. In detail I focus on the importance of using own glucose meter for self-monitoring. Objective of the thesis and its implementation are set in the practical part. The objective of my thesis was to verify the quality of blood glucose meter Optium Omega manufactured by Abbot using routine method of Clinical Chemistry Laboratory in strict accordance with its intended use within POCT. To verify functionality of blood glucose meter Optium Omega I used recommended statistical procedures.
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