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The Memoirs of Dačický as a Source of Information about Czech Law of Early Modern Period
Matyášová, Josefína ; Malý, Karel (advisor) ; Starý, Marek (referee)
The thesis deals with one of the most famous sources of citychronography that were being created in Bohemia in the 16th and early 17th century. The most competent and prolific literary author of Dačický's Paměti was Mikuláš Dačický of Heslov - a very controversial figure of the KutnáHora society before the Battle of the White Mountain. Beside introducing Dačický's personality and his own experience with the judiciary of the times, the thesis goes briefly into the history of Kutná Hora in the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Times and describes the city administration and the typical course of legal proceedings as it went before the municipal court. Paměti reflect the diverse crime of the time: the thesis focuses mainly on killing - special attention is paid to the agreements on the head (smlouvy o hlavu), female crimes or suicides - further affrays, duels, slanders and questioning of somebody's impeccability, frauds, thefts and robberies. Keywords Mikuláš Dačický of Heslov, the law, criminality, early modern period, Kutná Hora, city chronicle
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The image of war and militarism in the 16th - 17 century through the eyes of Czech nobles
Opavová, Tereza ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Holý, Martin (referee)
The main subject of the diploma thesis is the view of the war and the military through the early modern opinions of lower nobles, especially by Henry Hýzrl from the Chod (1575- 1665) and Sigmund Chotek of Chotkov (1521-1603). The time frame is set from the 16. to 17. century. Views on contemporary defence of the country are reconstructed on the basis of previously unreleased military debate which is titled Kriegsdiscurs über der hochlöblichen Cron Bohemia Landtdefension by Henry Hýzrl from the Chod. This debate is partly accessible in academic edition at the end of the thesis. The next source, for understanding the intellectual world of the Czech nobility during the wars with the Turks, is military instruction by Sigmund Chotek of Chotkov. The work is based on military debate by Henry Hýzrl from Chod. It is a completely unique view of the war through the view of the Bohemian nobleman.
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The Transformation of perception of vampire in Western culture from early modern period to present : The Assessment of marginal cultural phenomenon in terms of civilization theory of Norbert Elias
Konečná, Zuzana ; Horský, Jan (advisor) ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with the transformation of perception of vampire in Western culture from early modern period to present. The vampire in modern Western culture is very popular and has an unwavering place. Vampires are now attractive and basically not dangerous. The subject of this work is question whether it was so in previous centuries. Work present the change in appearance and character, both fictional character and "real vampires." Based on the analysis of selected fictional works (literary and visual) from the late 18th century, when the vampire came to Western fiction, work shows how gradually transforms the image that this supernatural beings attributes in West. An essential part of how culture perceives certain phenomenon is a belief in it. Therefore I am interested in how the West over time explaining this phenomenon. Work also introduces the Norbert Elias's civilization theory. Analysis of transformation in the perception of a vampire in Western culture follows it's tracks and the results are compared with it with the goal to give answer on question whether this phenomenon is turning into the terms of this theory.
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History of Sword Making in Prague Cities in Early Modern Period
Smrž, Jiří ; Ebelová, Ivana (advisor) ; Woitschová, Klára (referee)
(in English): This bachelor thesis follows the history of sword making from the beginning of 16th century to 1739 in three independent Prague towns - in Old Town, New Town and Lesser Town. Prague sword makers were organised in craft organisations - in guilds, therefore is this thesis closely connected with the history of guilds as well. Sword making represents much specialised craft, which emancipated during the Middle Ages from blacksmith thanks to the extraordinary consumption and distribution possibilities of Prague cities. Sword making became well developed in the second half of 15th century and this situation resulted in founding of guilds. Thanks to its dominant position during the whole examined century, the Old Town guild became the most significant guild in the Kingdom of Bohemia. This thesis corrects previous knowledge of Prague sword making, gives review of extant sources, which are deposited in Prague City Archives and in National Archives and presents reconstruction of life in the guild of Prague sword makers in early modern period based on contemporary documents.
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The Image of Jan Hus in the Early Modern Czech Literature
Hejdová, Tereza ; Andrlová Fidlerová, Alena (advisor) ; Škarpová, Marie (referee)
The work The Image of Jan Hus in the Early Modern Czech Literature tries to map different ways of description of this Czech preacher in selected literary texts from 15th to 18th century, to capture the changes which his image underwent. The chosen authors come from different countries and use different languages, represent different environments, social classes and opinion groups, they also have different education and religion. Individual literary works were assessedby means of comparing the key episodes that are either repeated in the texts, or the author intentionally did not use them. To understand the image of Jan Hus as a whole, also contemporary iconography was taken into account , which in some cases has been taken from other literary texts than those which were compared, so that the image of Hus whereas complete as possible. The comparison of the texts and iconography showed, how accurate the observation of the described scheme was and how the image of Jan Hus was gradually changing. The combination of written and iconographic material from specific time intervals allowed us to observe the gradual change of conceptions of the personality of Jan Hus and events connected with him, because the authors represent the opinion of their ethnic group and time. The image of Jan Hus is therefore very...
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Barbers and surgeons of Prague in early modern times
Laňová, Alžběta ; Ebelová, Ivana (advisor) ; Brátková, Zlata (referee)
This bachelor's thesis, entitled Barbers and surgeons of Prague in early modern times pursues medical and health professions of Prague in early modern times. It's focused on the end of the seventies of 15 th. century till the enf of 17 th. century. It deals with the main development of these professions and with the separation of barbers and surgeons. One chapter is about bathhouses in this time because it is a workplace of these professions. There also chapters including sources and literature, which were used for this bachelor's thesis. In one chapter is summed up development of the organization of guilds. Next part is dedicated to bathhouses and contain main information about their form at that time. Basics of this bachelor's thesis are chapter including single professions, which were chosen for this thesis. They are focused on the beginnings, development and final form of these medical and health professions. Except of the main profession are mentioned another professions of this kind, which are joined with barbers and surgeons. In the end of this thesis is summary of the whole work and supplements. Aim of this bachelor's thesis is give information about medical and health proffesions, their progress, common beginnings and final separation.
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Anabaptists in the Habsburg Monarchy
Kalina, Jan ; Županič, Jan (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
This thesis deals with history of the Anabaptist movement particularly in the first half of the 16th century. It describes religious and social life of the movement, including differences among particular Anabaptist communities. In individual chapters, special attention is devoted to communities in the Habsburg Monarchy, especially in the Czech lands. The text includes also brief biographies of important members of the movement.
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A woman between the ideal, the norm and the reality in czech aristocratic enviroment during 1500-1650
Seifertová, Michaela ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Holý, Martin (referee)
The subject of Bachelor thesis is to reconstruct the image of ideal woman, standards and rules applied to women's characteristics, behaviours and actions for the time period 1500 to 1650 in the Czech lands, by means of three basic female categories (virgins, wives and widows). Another goal is to compare the above mentioned ideals with the real facts. Due to the lack of informational sources providing a sufficient knowledge of the type of ideal noblewoman I am focusing on women of townsfolk origin as well, because there is far more information available about them. In context, I am also trying to find the answer to the question whether the described social ideals and behavioural requirements were applicable to both studied women's social strata equally. As a resource, I have used moralistic writings, satirical compositions and documents of a personal nature that I have confronted with the literature devoted to the history of women and women's everyday life.
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Czech Lands' Thirty Years War Mercenary's Life
Andresová, Klára ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Ďurčanský, Marek (referee)
This thesis deals with life of mercenaries during the Thirty Years' War. It is focused on the situation in central Europe and especially in the Czech lands. The main part of the thesis concentrates on the appearance of military camps which is reconstructed based on normative sources, ego-documents, folk songs and period artistic literature, paintings and drawings. To introduce the topic I describe various types of soldiers in the Habsburg army and the subordination of the army. One chapter is meant to work as a guide through the life of a mercenary - about his living in the army from his recruitment up to his discharge. We mention the material equipment and soldiers clothing as well. Women were a usual part of the army, therefore I also pay attention to them. The main topic of the work is military camp, therefore a description of its appearance is given, describing the arrangement of all its parts. I mention tents, markets and inns. I also deal with camp life's negatives, for example with diseases or activities condemned by the contemporary moral. Military law is briefly described as well. I also mention administrative officers who are responsible for the aspects of military life related to the camps. In the end there is also integrated a chapter about the civilian view on mercenaries and the war...
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