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Law and Protection of Human Rights in communication of the EU as of the actor of international security
Peterka, Bohumil ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
logiky vhodnosti. Abstract Presented diploma thesis aims to answer a question whether the European Union can be perceived as a relevant actor of international security relations in the context of human rights protection and international security threat regulation. For the purpose of achieving the main goal of the thesis a definition of the EU actorness is used which presumes that the EU could be perceived as an actor of a policy provided it is being perceived as an actor acknowledged by other actors of international security and is able to influence their behavior at the same time. Both are proved by analysis of the antiterrorist sanction régimes, and more specifically a related the Court of Justice case Kadi. By means of the case, the EU pushed for institutional changes within the UN Security Council strengthening human rights protection. Within the EU, regarding the Member States, the EU can be perceived as actor if it succeeds in spread its own normative patterns among them. By the analysis of the Kadi case as well as of the Court's human rights doctrine development I try to prove that an EU institution (in this case the Court of Justice) succeeds in convincing the Member States that they should support the Court of Justice doctrine even though it might diminish their own power and influence. Normative...
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The Phenomenon of terrorism, possible dangers for Czech Republic and matters of critical infrastructure as a possible target of terrorist attack
Fus, Jan ; Fiala, Miloš (advisor) ; Vilášek, Josef (referee)
Title: The Phenomenon of terrorism, possible dangers for Czech Republic and matters of critical infrastructure as a possible target of terrorist attack. Goal: Main goal of this dissertation is to describe terrorism, todays biggest security threats, in relationship with Czech Republic. To identify the elements of terrorist behaviour during the development of human society from antiquity to present time, to give a sense of historical roots of this topic, his development disposition and also to describe his current status. Methods: The dissertation was based on knowledge gained through study, description, analysis, synthesis and comparison of technical literature and others printed or electronic sources. Results: The dissertation creates compact overview about terrorism issues, his tendencies, current status and first of all about active role of Czech Republic as a state, which is involved in international anti-terrorist policy. The dissertation shows dangers, unpredictability, cruelty of terrorists, terrorist organizations and their new methods, device and targets of attacks, which is still more often critical infrastructure. It presents the most important steps made by Czech Republic for increasing the level of security in area of critical infrastructure. Keywords: Terrorism, anti-terrorist policy,...
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The Impact of the Fall of the Berlin Wall on RAF
Matějková, Nikola ; Renner, Tomáš (advisor) ; Daňková, Šárka (referee)
The terrorist group Red Army Fraction ("RAF"), which jeopardized the public security with their attacks in West Germany since the seventies and killed more than three thousand people, issued a statement of official closure on April 20, 1998 after 28 years of its activity. This thesis tries to answer the question whether the fall of the Berlin Wall brought the final dissolution of the group. In addition to geopolitical changes it is also necessary to take into account the instruments of the national security policy and the split of opinion within the group. The geopolitical reversal in 1989 had two negative impacts on the RAF. Firstly it meant a devastating ideological defeat for them, even though the former GDR or any other Eastern Bloc country did not respond fully to their expectations. Another shock for them was the arrest of ten former RAF-members who were hiding in the GDR under a false identity. They eventually filed an extensive testimony, so that their sentences could be commuted. Federal Republic of Germany, which had not been too successful in the fight against terrorism up to this time, used the internal weakness of the RAF caused by political circumstances and it finally introduced new instruments to further destabilize the group and led to a rift between prisoners and members at large....
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Counter-terrorism policy in the EU and it's impact on human rights
Husárová, Katarína ; Druláková, Radka (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
Our thesis has aimed to show a relationship between certain aspects of EU counter-terrorism legislation and the impact it has on basic human rights. We have used the example of incommunicado detention laws in Spain to show that denying the detainees access to basic rights such as (and most importantly) access to legal counsel could lead to systematic abuse of human rights under the Articles 3, 5 or 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). We have shown that in the EU, where counter-terrorism mostly falls under criminal law, the only viable way to combat terrorism is to create exceptions in such law system with the aim of effectiveness. We have shown that these (such as incommunicado detention mentioned above) exceptions will pose threat to basic human rights. We have concluded that combined with mass pre-emptive surveillance and ability to stop and search at will (example of Article 44 in the UK), the Spanish example could lead to a legal system that could by systematically abused and used for suppressing others. We have concluded that on standalone basis, some EU states (notably Spain and the UK) have counter-terrorist laws that have high possibility of infringing upon basic human rights. However the real threat lies in the worst of them combining on the EU level.
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EU Counterterrorism policy: reality or fiction?
Čiháková, Barbara ; Druláková, Radka (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to find out, whether the European Union is capable to propose and implement coherent, comprehensive, interoperable and robust counterterrorism measures in all the territories of member states. After the attacks in the USA and subsequently in Europe, the European politicians have started to discuss cooperation related to the fight against terrorism much more intensely. The question is, whether the newly adopted measures are effective and supported enough to have bigger impact on the global terrorism than those adopted at the national level.
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