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Vývoj protiteroristické politiky EU v období 2001-2011
Kousalíková, Kristýna
This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of the development of counterterrorism policy of the European Union after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and with the overall capture of the EU´s position on terrorism during the first decade of these attacks. Within the selected period, it focuses on developments following the most significant attacks of this decade - Madrid (2004) and London (2005), analyzing the main differences in responses to attacks committed outside and within the EU. The main purpose of the thesis is to capture the EU's attitude towards the terrorist threat in the chosen period, based on the analysis of adopted anti-terrorist tools. In the end, the thesis compares the EU approach to counterterrorism with the US approach as a global anti-terrorist actor and main EU´s security partner.
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Platform governance triangle: The case of the EU Regulation on preventing the dissemination of illegal terrorist content online
Miksová, Karolína ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Rosendorf, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis focuses on the relationship between the European Union and platform companies, and it tries to explore a debate about binding regulations regarding the moderation of illegal content online. The Regulation on preventing the dissemination of illegal terrorist content online from 2018 was applied as the case to test the arguments. The thesis applies the concept of platform governance triangle to analyse whether the Regulation has the potential to be effective. The research argues that the effectiveness of the Regulation depends on the actors competencies, the legitimation of the Regulation and how it was contested during the decision-making process, and finally on the power relations between actors and the tools to monitor and enforce the Regulation. The research shows that the EU has extensive competencies in areas of independence, representativeness and expertise due to the work of EU specialised agencies. Platform companies, on the other hand, possess unique technical competencies to moderate terrorist content online. Furthermore the specific design of the Regulation, and the fact that it was designed under the ordinary legislative procedure and was contested by various actors, suggest the Regulation is legitimate. Finally, the monitoring and enforcement tools in terms of sanctions could...
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National interest? Analysis of the securitization strategy of the Czech security policy in counterterrorism
Hvězda, Martin ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (referee)
The analysis of security policy, in its variations, regularly deals with the question of what each actor wants to promote in domestic or international politics, in other words, what is his interest. The term "national interest" is not an abstract category and a rhetorical turn legitimizing government action in front of the public audience or in dispute with political opposition. One of the aims of the presented thesis is to present the concept of national interest as a useful tool enabling closer research of domestic policy within the security context. Our main thematic focus, in which we examine the constitution of national interest, is the Czech counterterrorism policy in the context of the reaction of the Czech government and security forces to the terrorist attacks in Paris in autumn 2015 and in Brussels in March of the following year. An extraordinary measure after the attacks in Brussels in the form of the deployment of the Czech Army performing police tasks in mixed patrols in three Czech cities is for us a key manifestation of counterterrorism policy. This constitution of the security policy, we are further investigating. The main motivation is to explain the reasons why the mentioned security measure took place, which has no analogs in the history of the Czech Republic. We conclude that...
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Komparácia stratégií EÚ a USA v boji proti terorizmu
Mikulová, Kristína
The main purpose of this diploma thesis is comparison of the EU and the U.S. counterterrorism policies. The first part deals with theoretical framework of thesis. The practical part focuses on development of counterterrorism policies and its key documents in the aftermath of 11 September, 2001. The end of the practical part brings on interpretation of strategies with using qualitative analysis. For better understanding of differences between two actors and their counterterrorism policies, the comparison method is used.
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Evropská unie a problematika mezinárodního terorismu
Pastyříková, Jolana
The main aim of the diploma thesis is an analysis of the current issues of international terrorism in the EU. The first part deals with the theoretical definition of terrorism, which is necessary for an understanding of the whole thesis. The second part is focused on the development of the EU counter-terrorism policy and measures taken in the fight against terrorism. The end of the second part is focused on cooperation between the EU and the USA, which is after the attacks of September 11, 2001 quite logical. The last part offers us the view on the current international terrorism in the EU and threats associated with them. Afterwards these threats will be analyzed and complemented by their possible solutions.
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Criminal law regulation of protection against terrorism in the Czech Rpublic
Janoušková, Kristýna ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
1 Criminal law regulation of protection against terrorism in the Czech Republic Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the criminal law regulation of protection against terrorism in the Czech Republic. Its aim is to characterize this criminal law regulation, including selected related topics. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The author first introduces the reader to the issue of terrorism through a short historical excursion, then focuses on various definitions of the term terrorism and describes its characteristic features, principles, types, forms and presents it in the context of organized crime and extremism. The second chapter deals with instruments of protection against terrorism. An essential term in this context is anti-terrorism or counter-terrorism, which is a set of measures and activities aimed at preventing, suppressing and eliminating the consequences of terrorist acts and implemented through so-called "anti-terrorism policy". First of all, in this chapter, the analysis of individual terrorist threats and their relevance for the Czech Republic positively answers the question of the need for instruments of protection against terrorism, accented also by a sub-chapter dealing with phenomenon of lone wolfs and foreign terrorist fighters. Finally, two basic concepts of anti-terrorism...
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Securitization of education in contemporary Europe
Lehutová, Kristína ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to analyze the current state of policies proposed to address the issue of radicalization in Europe. More specifically, the thesis deals with the topic of the fight against radicalization through education. The paper highlights how security debate in Europe is changing the understanding of educational institutions and their role in anti-radicalization policies. In the past, states in Europe had to deal with various forms of violence caused by either separatist movements or other radical and extremist ideologies. Unfortunately, the problem of the occasional outbreak of violence has not been resolved yet in Europe. In relation to the theme of radicalization, the role of educational institutions is perceived as significant to counter the process. They are considered to be the main institutions able to support the social inclusion and critical thinking of students during the globalization and modernization of Internet technologies. For these reasons, educational institutions should be responsible for protecting European students and pupils and preventing them from being drawn to extremism. This work, however, points out that this understanding is not the only way promoted by governments to tackle radicalization through the sector of education. The role of educational...
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Comparing U.S. Counterterrorist Policies against Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State
Kopecká, Anna - Marie ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
The thesis deals with comparison of the United States counterterrorist policies against al- Qaeda and the Islamic state. It compares the approaches of two U.S. administrations in period from 11th September 2001 to end of the year 2014, when the Operation Enduring Freedom came to its end, and in period from July 2014, when the Operation Inherent Resolve was launched, to the end of the year 2016. The thesis characterizes similarities and differences between both strategies. It also aims to answer the question whether the U.S. approach to al- Qaeda was tougher than the one to the Islamic state. Counterterrorist policies are being compared here based on three criteria: military means employed, cooperation with international actors and extra-legalism. The first part of the thesis copes with concepts of terrorism and counter-terrorism. In the next part both approaches are analyzed separately and compared subsequently. In the conclusion the results are summarized and causes of differences between approaches are interpreted.
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An Analysis of Counter-Terrorism Strategies in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia
Buroňová, Zuzana ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Beneš, Jan (referee)
This thesis is focusing on counterterrorism policies that are used in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia. Because of the limited research on the counterterrorism in non-Western world, this thesis decided to contribute to this research and widen literature on this issue. It first introduces the term terrorism and analyses the counterterrorism models (criminal, war and disease models), which can be found mostly in Western literature. It includes critique of these models and attempt to create an alternative one, because it finds the current models unsuitable even for the Western counterterrorism policies. Besides that there is also introduction to other counterterrorism strategies such as terrorist financing and a subsection on deradicalization that is important part of counterterrorism as well. Then the thesis focuses on two parallel case studies of Indonesia and Saudi Arabia. It examines counterterrorism policies of both of them. The thesis first introduces the countries character, threats they are facing and attacks they have experienced and then analyses what measures are used to fight terrorism. After analysing all aspects of their counterterrorism efforts - legislature, cooperation, deradicalization, military methods etc., the alternative model is applied on each case to see if it is suitable for...
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U.S.-Saudi Counterterrorism Cooperation after 9/11
Pánek, Robin ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Bureš, Oldřich (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the influence of changing nature of the terrorist threat on the foreign policy of the United States during the presidency of Barack Obama in the region of Middle East, together with the impact of changes in this foreign policy on the cooperation and relations between the United States and Saudi Arabia. The changing nature of the terrorist threat is analyzed primarily on the example of Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and analyzed are also the circumstances of its rise, the events of the Arab Spring. The course of these events is shown in the cases of countries important for the current U.S. foreign policy in the region, therefore in the cases of Egypt, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Yemen and the U.S. foreign policy is analyzed in relation with its reaction on these events. Shown is the shift in this foreign policy, tied with the changes in the counterterrorism policy due to the changes in the nature of the terrorist threat. Resulting foreign policy is analyzed using the Foreign Policy Analysis and its models, which helps to explain the apparent rift in the Obama administration in relation to Middle East. The last chapter focuses primarily on the cooperation of the United States with Saudi Arabia and the Saudi relation with terrorism. Shown are Saudi counterterrorism...
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