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Inherited corneal disorders: options for early detection, influencing the onset and progression.
Skalická, Pavlína ; Lišková, Petra (advisor) ; Netuková, Magdaléna (referee) ; Vlková, Eva (referee)
Introduction: The development of molecular genetic methods has in many fields necessitated their inclusion in routine clinical practice, including ophthalmology. The main aim of this thesis was detailed clinical characterization of Czech patients with suspected inherited corneal disorders, followed by genetic testing to determine or specify their clinical diagnosis and subsequently to use the knowledge gained in clinical and genetic counselling and to apply preventive measures in order to avoid loss of vision. Material and Methods: Individuals included in this research were either followed up or newly referred to the Cornea clinic of the Department of Ophthalmology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague. Detailed clinical examination included corneal tomography, specular microscopy, spectral domain optical coherence tomography, biometry and genealogical analysis. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes or buccal cells. Disease-causing variants were searched for using Sanger or massively parallel sequencing, variant pathogenicity was assessed in silico using various algorithms and by segregation analyses within the families. In some cases assessment of the functional impact on the pre-mRNA splicing process was performed. In patients with...
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Potential synergies in suicide prevention interventions in Czechia
Vávra, Vojtěch ; Kasal, Alexandr (advisor) ; Tušková, Eva (referee)
In this bachelor thesis the author discusses the synergistic effect of suicide prevention interventions in the Czech Republic and the view experts have on these interventions. This work thus provides an overview of how the interaction of different interventions is mapped and what is known about it, while also providing insights into the prevention of suicide in the Czech Republic overall. Attention is also paid to what the literature says about this interaction, which is used as part of a non-systematic research involving basic knowledge about the issue of suicide. The theoretical part focuses on bringing the reader up to date with the theoretical basis of this work, the research carried out, and the basic concepts with which this work operates. In practical part, the author focuses on his qualitative research, which provides answers to research questions, and in which the primary data was obtained by means of semi-structured interviews conducted with experts in the field of study; this work is then framed by secondary data, which consists of scientific literature and direct policy formulations in the form of public policy papers. The conclusion of this work compiles these data and illustrates how the Czech Republic stands on preventing suicide and whether or not these preventive measures work...
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The Effects of Different Malaria Prevention Measures: Panel Data Analysis
Pavelková, Adéla ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Bryndová, Lucie (referee)
The main aim of this diploma thesis was to explore the topic of malaria preventive measures. Concretely, to study which preventive measures are useful and to see how they are distributed around the world. For international organizations, this is very important as they need to know whether funds allocated for malaria aid are distributed effectively. This study is using manually compounded data from the World Health Organization for all countries threatened by malaria mostly from 2001 to 2018. For this purpose, panel data regression methods using robust standard errors, bootstrapping and cluster analysis were used. The results showed that generally, the most useful preventive measures are indoor-residual sprayings, a combination of sprayings and insecticide-treated nets and rapid diagnostic tests. Furthermore, the effect of the population living in rural areas is significant. Besides, gross domestic product is a very important factor for African countries. The stability analysis - bootstrapping - confirmed our results. However, we examined that insecticide-treated nets are still the most distributed measures. Doing the cluster analysis, we observed that countries on the same continent should not be treated similarly and we emphasized countries that should receive higher attention. Overall, the...
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Sanctioning of Serious Criminal Act Offenders
Pešulová, Petra ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pelc, Vladimír (referee)
96 Sanctioning of serious criminal act offenders Abstract The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with general questions concerning the topic of the thesis: how a serious offence can be defined and how offenders who committed such an offence can be punished. The aim of the chapter is to present general ideas and to set the problematic the thesis deals with in detail in a broader context. The second and the third chapter presents the statute law concerning two topics withing the broader topic of the thesis. The second chapter deals with the rules of punishment of sexual offenders according to the Belgian law. The rules are discussed in detail and presented in the context of the criminal law as whole. Several inconsistencies that are caused by a non respect to the consequences of a change in one field of criminal law to another one. The third chapter presents the Belgian complementary punishment of mise à la disposition du tribunal de l'application des peines and the German preventive measure of Sicherungsverwahrung and their brief comparison. Both measures incorporate the same idea - a group of offenders cannot be liberated, even though they have already served their punisment as whole - but they differ in details. The fourth chapter deals with the participation of experts to the...
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Chemical contaminants in milk
UHLÍKOVÁ, Tereza
The bachelor thesis is focused on the issue of contaminants in milk, such as pesticides, veterinary drugs, heavy metals, mycotoxins and their influence on milk quality. These substances present in milk have a negative impact on consumers health and for dairy cows health. The presence of contaminants in milk should therefore be monitored mainly to ensure the safe of the milk. An important group in terms of milk contamination are veterinary drugs. Their residues have a negative impact for milk processing and consumer health, but can also contribute to an increase in antimicrobial resistance. However, over-limit findings of veterinary drug residues in the Czech Republic have been on a low level in recent years. Special attention has been paid to milk contamination with mycotoxins because this problem is currently a very topical and discussed topic. Most of the work is focused on the contamination of milk with aflatoxin M1, which is the most explored milk-related mycotoxin.
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Supervision as an effective tool against bullying
KUDRLIČKOVÁ, Veronika
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic "Supervision as an effective tool for bullying". The thesis is consisted of theoretical and research part. The theoretical part is divided into three chapters. The first chapter in the theoretical part deals with bullying, mobbing and the most used kind of mobbing, which is bossing. Their characteristics, phases, techniques, causes and consequences are mentioned. The second chapter presents preventive measures for mobbing and bossing. The third chapter deals with supervision, its brief history, definitions, functions, types, objectives, its contribution to individuals, facilities and further application. In the empirical part, the main research questions are: "Do the employees know what the supervision is used for?", "Was any employee threatened by bullying in the workplace?" "Is the supervision from the employee's point of view considered as an effective tool for bullying in the workplace?" The aim of the thesis is to find out if the employees themselves have experience in helping professions with bullying in the workplace, then to find out the preventive measures in the presence of bullying in the workplace and the implementation of supervision at the workplaces. A semi-structured interview was chosen by the technical research. For the interview, we pre-prepared questions, which were allowed to answer freely. Qualitative research was carried out by using open encoding, attended by 6 communication partners. The research results can be used in practice or may be presented in professional literature at trade conferences. However, it may also be a benefit to individual research facilities or the public.
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Insurance fraud
Nguyenová, Nhan ; Galuška, Jiří (advisor) ; Daňhel, Jaroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of insurance fraud whose number has recently increased. Insurance frauds mainly appear in non-life insurance. The thesis describes the elements of insurance frauds and mentions them in various insurance areas in the 3 most important companies in the Czech Republic. The work contains a detailed analysis of these insurance companies and areas where insurance frauds cause the greatest damage. I also proposed preventive measures and provide a comparison of the current situation of the insurance companies with last year. The aim of my work is to define insurance frauds as a problem weighing our company at present to analyze in detail the problems of insurance companies and to analyze the area of the most frequent occurrences of fraud and to mention preventive measures.
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Problems of Nursing Care of Patients with Leiden Mutation and Prevent Complikations
BROMOVÁ, Jana
Factor V Leiden mutation is a hereditary disorder of the hemostatic mechanism, which may lead to an increased occurrence of trombones in the blood-vessel tree. This disorder is classified among hypercoagulation conditions. It is one of the most frequent inborn disorders of blood coagulation associated with venous thromboembolism. The objective of the present Bachelor Thesis is to determine if nurses of surgical branches have knowledge of the above disorder and complications there of. Further, another objective of this Bachelor Thesis is to discover if education of nurses affects their knowledge of the disorder. The final objective is to ascertain if patients have cognizance of their disease and know how to prevent complications. Hypotheses and research questions have been stipulated in relation to the above-mentioned objectives. H1: Nurses with a longer work experience in surgical branches have more information of Leiden mutation and prevention of complications related to this disorder than nurses with a shorter work experience. H2: Nurses with a higher-level education in surgical branches have more information of Leiden mutation and prevention of complications related to this disorder than nurses with a lower-level education. RQ1: Are patients informed of occurrence of complications and prevention of an acute breakout of the disorder? RQ2: Do nurses provide patients with informationof regimen measures related to this disease? RQ3: Have any complications occurred during hospitalization in relation to Leiden mutation? The empirical part of the Bachelor Thesis consists of two sections.The first section comprises a quantitative research survey. The research was conducted in form of an anonymous non-standardized questionnaire for nurses of surgical branchesin Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. [Hospital České Budějovice, joint-stock company] and Nemocnice Prachatice, a.s. [Hospital Prachatice, joint-stock company]. The questionnaire contained 20 questions, divided into closed, semi-closed and open questions. Results were processed in the computer programme Microsoft Excel and the data acquired were used for parametric statistical analysis. The results are presented in graphs. The other section of the empirical part contains a qualitative research survey. The research was carried out with five respondents, in form of a semistandardized interview, with 20 questions prepared in advance, and these questions were in turn completed according to replies given by the respondents. The interviews were recorded in a written in a record sheet. Data obtained from the interviews were processed by coding and a subsequent categorization of data. The categorization was done on the basis of internal similarity of codes.The author views the problems of nursing care of patients with Leiden mutation mainly in connection with complications that might occur. These complications involve deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.This Bachelor Thesis attempts at pointing out these problems and bringing this disease into more widespread awareness among nursing personnel.
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