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The issue of communication and nursing care at the patient with aphasia at the neurology department
LIŠKOVÁ, Petra
Communication is very importantfor providing high-quality nursing care.If the patient is unable to communicate there can occur a lot of misunderstandig in the nursing care process.The theoretical part is focussed on the issue of aphasia in general, on communication with the patient affected by aphasia and his or her family, on alternative means of communication and on saturation of needs connected with the speech disorder.The goal of the work was to find out what problems nurses providing aphasia patients with the nursing care met, next, whether they are well informed about the selection of aids enabling effective communication and whether they use them while caring for the patient with aphasia. We also wanted to find out more about the mutual cooperation of nurses and the speech therapist in the process of the communication development of the patient with aphasia.The last goal was to find out if the family is satisfied with the education in the sphere of using effective communication skills for the communication with their dear one.In the process of research inquiry in the empiric part there was used the quantitative method with anonymous questionnaires which were defined for nurses working at ictus centres, cerebrovascular complex and standard neurology departments. After getting information on the issue of satisfaction with the use of effective communication skills, the qualitative inquiry followed. In the research was used the method of non-standardized interview with seven family members of the hospitalized patients with aphasia.
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Injuries of the residential social service population, causes, prevention.
FENCLOVÁ, Zuzana
The thesis is focused on health and injuries in nursing homes and health care facilities and their prevention. Given that accidents cause high morbidity and mortality of the elderly, it is important to think about prevention and the search for the causes of these accidents. The main objective of the empirical part of the study was to determine the causes of clients accidents in social and medical facilities and compare both types of facilities. For research in the empirical part of this work has been used quantitative research strategy, method of questioning techniques of data collection questionnaire. Research has shown that 87% of respondents suffer from musculoskeletal diseases. 44% of respondents, women more often than men, had received the fall and subsequent hospitalization. The thesis may help to understand the issues of accidents of the elderly and health effect on the quality of people's life living in health and social care facilities.
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Tourism for Disabled People
KOVÁČOVÁ, Kateřina
The main goal of the bachelor´s thesis was to analyse the conditions for development of tourism for disabled people an analysis of the potential of selected cities in the Czech Republic. The first part of bachelor thesis in consist of theoretical definitions of chosen topic. The other parts have provided informatik, what the accommodation facilities provide services selected for disabled people in the cities of České Budějovice and Český Krumlov. On the last part of bachelor´s thesis were identified needs and requirements of the specific segment. Based on the results were prepared new product and proposes measures that will facilitate the travel of disabled persons.
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Nursing care for patient with polytrauma
SKLÁŘOVÁ, Lucie
Multiple traumas mean a present injury of at least two body systems. The patient with the multiple traumas is, because of the threatening failure of one or more organs, alternatively systems, placed on the intensive care unit. The nursing of the patient is therefore systematic, continual and its part is the monitoring of the conditions and saturation of basic needs. The nursing care on the intensive care unit is dependent on their health conditions and it permanently changes. A nurse usually takes over the whole care of the patient and they are dependent on her. Therefore the nurse must know all the patient´s needs and provide them regard to their self-sufficiency. Self-sufficiency is the level of independence during the daily routine. To its evaluation we use Barthel test of basic daily activities. In literature the word self-care is used as an identical term. The empiric part of the bachelor thesis is focused on self-sufficiency, self-care of a patient and activation of the nurses. The goal of the research is to find out the difference in the amount of care for a patient with multiple traumas on the Intensive care unit and a standard ward in connection with the level of self-care. To fulfil the goals three research questions were set. The research questions are: How do the nurses judge the self-sufficiency of a patient with multiple traumas on the intensive care unit and a standard ward? How do they provide the nursing care at a patient with multiple traumas in a standard ward? How do they provide the nursing care at a patient with multiple traumas on the intensive care unit? The qualitative research with the help of semi-structured interview was used to answer the questions and fulfil the goals. The research was taken on the traumatologic intensive care unit and in the standard ward. 5 respondents and one patient were from the intensive care unit and other 5 respondents and two patients were from the standard ward. The answers for the first research question were identical at all respondents. The evaluation of the patient´s self-sufficiency is according to Barthel test. The answers of most respondents point at the fact that the test in not practical and suitable. The results of the second and third research question can be comprehended in one conclusion. Regarding the fact, that the nurses from the intensive care unit and the standard ward made comments in the same way. The nursing care is always provided regarding the self-sufficiency of a patient. They support a patient mentally to make him more self-independent. They use different accessible tools for practice. With the help of the research questions we reached the goals. We found out that the difference in the extent of provided care is in the amount of activities which are done by nurses for the patient on the intensive care unit and in the standard ward. The nurses provide a patient with more activities logically on the intensive care unit. It is due to the conditions of a patient which are acute at the beginning. Even though, the nurses try to activate a patient as much as possible. By contrast, the nurses in a standard ward have the chance to increase patient´s self-sufficiency in more activities. They endeavour patients to be self-sufficient in hygiene, catering, walking and excretion. In these activities patients should be helped by physiotherapists. As it is agreed by the nurses from the intensive care unit as well as the nurses from the standard ward, this approach does not really work and so the only ones who activate a patient are the nurses and hospital attendants. The work should serve the nurses to clarify the importance of multiple traumas and deepen their knowledge of discussed problems.
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Comparison of the availability of resources on multicultural nursing in the Czech Republic and Great Britain.
SHIVALANKA, Anna
Currently multicultural nursing is an increasingly discussed topic. New resources are being created that inform nurses how to care about patients from different cultural groups. The main objective of the study was to explore and compare the availability of these resources to nurses in the Czech Republic and Great Britain and further clarification on what specific resources there are for nurses working with patients from minorities. We asked three research questions. Firsly, how often did staff in Czech and British hospitals get into a situation where they cared for people from some of the minorities and needed to seek information about such care? Secondly, what is the availability of resources on multicultural nursing? Thirdly, what is the clarity and intelligibility of resources on caring for members of minorities that are available to healthcare professionals? Qualitative research was conducted which has been established for the research questions. The actual survey was carried out by non-standardized interviews with a research collection. The conditions for selecting respondents were: a sample of colleagues who personally knows the author and works in a hospital, have at least 5 years? experience and were willing to devote their time to the interviews. Interviews formed a base for the research categorization. The results are based on the interviews and were processed using framework analysis (categorization groups). From these results it is evident that nurses in Great Britain face patients from minority groups more often than their Czech colleagues. Nurses from both countries appreciate that there are specifics of care for each minority group. Language barrier is resolved by nurses in both countries in a similar way. In addition the British nurses also stated that they tried to learn basic words in the language they encountered most often. In the field of multicultural education the British nurses are in advance of the Czech ones. Regarding their own initiative when searching for resources on multicultural nursing, most Czech nurses do not feel the need to search for such information. All the interviewed nurses from Great Britain actively and voluntarily seek such information. There is also a considerable difference in access to information in the workplace. Most Czech nurses stated that they do not have such resources in the workplace, while all British nurses know where to find this information at their workplace. All interviewed nurses - both from the Czech Republic and Great Britain ? would welcome a unified source that would provide them with information regarding the specifics of nursing care for minority groups. Most Czech and British nurses are also unaware of the specific legal provisions that would legislate the care of foreigners. It is imperative that nurses are aware of their own responsibility for the education and awareness of multicultural nursing. They must not be indifferent to the feelings of their patients from different cultures and must actively educate and inform themselves about multicultural care and contribute to its development. Nurses must also behave as prescribed by the Nursing and Midwifery Council and International Council of Nurses ? most importantly with unconditional respect for their patients. Responsibility for their knowledge and skills is up to the nurses themselves as well as their employers. The purpose of this thesis is to highlight the need for awareness and education of nurses in the field of multicultural nursing, both in basic training, and in subsequent courses and in the form of self-education. This paper should also highlight the need for uniform, well arranged and user-friendly resource that will be available to all nurses. Until nurses are well educated in the field of multicultural care, nursing care can not be provided in a holistic manner which is the goal of modern nursing.
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Meeting the Leeds of patients for Subsequent Care Department and cooperation with their family
FRANKOVÁ, Šárka
Objective - The focus of this thesis was to explore how nurses in the Subsequent Care Department collaborate with the patients families and vice versa, and to find out how needs of patients are satisfied. Based on the objective of the Bachelor's Thesis, the following targets have been established: Target 1: To find out whether the nurses in the Subsequent Care Department involve the family members in the nursing care. Target 2: To find out whether the family is satisfied with the meeting of patients needs in the Subsequent Care Department. Question No. 1: Do the nurses involve the family members in the provision for the needs of their hospitalized relatives? Question No. 2: Is the family satisfied with the meeting of needs of their relative hospitalized in the Subsequent Care Department? Question No. 3: Are the family members willing to participate in the provision of corresponding care for those who are close to them? Methods - To complete the practical part of the Bachelor's Thesis a qualitative research was performed. Data were collected from individual respondents by means of conversations with family members whose relative is hospitalized in the Subsequent Care Department on the one hand, and with staff members of the respective department on the other hand. Both groups of respondents were asked to verbally respond to open questions. With the consent of the respective Senior Nurse, staff members were questioned in the Subsequent Care Department during their working hours while family members were questioned when visiting their relatives in Subsequent Care Department of Nemocnice České Budějovice (České Budějovice Hospital). Moreover, while questioning the individual respondents, I observed the operation of the respective department and applied this experience, together with nursing knowledge acquired from my praxis placement when I studied at the Faculty of Health and Social Studies branch General Nurse. Research File - A cohort study of 6 staff members of the Subsequent Care Department and 6 family members of patients hospitalized in this department was undertaken. Staff members were recommended to me by the Senior Nurse of the 1st Subsequent Care Department of Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. To protect anonymity of the chosen respondents, they were identified by letters in alphabetical order. Family members were randomized during visiting hours in the individual divisions of the Subsequent Care Department irrespective of their age or sex. They were assured in advance that the information revealed by them will be considered private and their anonymity will be protected. Results - The results show that, in the future, nurses should focus their attention to improved collaboration between family members and staff members. Both groups of respondents agreed that such collaboration will produce a new understanding between the patients, those close to them and staff members which would be most beneficial for the patients. In meeting needs of their patients, the staff members primarily provide for their physical because, according to their statements, there is no time to address additional needs of the patients. According to the research, the nurses rely on family members? help in satisfying psychological, social and emotional needs of the patient. Family members are rarely included in the provision for the physical needs of their hospitalized relatives, satisfying other needs of their relatives at different levels, according to their willingness and readiness to do so. Family members would be willing to participate in the provision of corresponding care for those who are close to them, but they have to be encouraged by nurses. Conclusion - The results could assist in motivating the nurses to involve more family members in the provision of effective support for their hospitalized relatives, and to promote effective and professional communication process between the patient and their relatives.
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Problematics of premature delivery in midwifery
RUNTOVÁ, Petra
Premature delivery is known as a delivery before 37th week of a pregnancy. It´s still a very serious problem in a healthcare and also the reason of lots of perinatal complications. These pregnant women who are threatened by premature delivery are often hospitalized for a long time. The hospitalization brings itself a lot of dangerous. It´s about the place itself, each woman´s individuality, her accommodation to a strange surrounding, other clients, the service of a clinic but also the medical staff. The midwife takes care by a nursing process when she works with the client´s requirement. There is very important a holistic view of a woman. A midwife may not omit her physical and social conditions, emotional stability, self-respect and her job status and family position. My work goal consisted in finding the details about priority biopsychosocial problems at women who are hospitalized for a long time with the imminent premature delivery. There are two questions: What are the priority problems in biopsychosocial area at women with already mentioned problem? How do these women feel their requirement saturation during the hospitalization from their midwives? There was chosen qualitative investigation by unstandardized interviews to my research. Those interviews were anonymous. My research were took place eight women ? hospitalized at the risk pathological section of a Gynaecology and Obstetrics clinic of a University hospital in Pilsen. For both research questions were found answers. As the most often problem the interviewed women said about fear, worry about unborn child and the fear of the future. Good communication with a nursing staff, sufficient quantity of information and also midwife´s care helped to make their fear smaller. Just this care the clients rated as perfect and excellent. They said midwives are active, interested in their problems and feelings and they try to help them with solving their problems. My research also revealed that for hospitalized clients there was a big problem the whole day lieing and omitting their activities which coheres with that. In their department they spent their free time by reading, watching TV and surfing on the Internet. Freshly they´d welcome an opportunity pass the antenatal preparation because just hospitalization made them impossible to pass some of antenatal course. Of my research survey followed a need to make the antenatal course right for the clients of the Risk Pathological Section of a Gynaecology and Obstetrics clinic of a University hospital in Pilsen whom is recommended a quiescent regime during the hospitalization. This research value can be used as a feedback for midwives work in this section and in the whole clinic and also used for improve the care of pregnant clients.
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Actual genuine realization of 10 steps to successful breast-feeding in hospital and terrain
KREZLOVÁ, Lucie
Breast milk is one of the most precious gift that can mother give to her child. Therefore the mother's best choice is to breast-feed her child. It is very important to properly instruct the mothers to understand all advantages of breast-feeding and it's correct technique. Such a comprehensive information can be communicated only through precise methodical guidance during prenatal and postnatal period. The birth assistant represents significantly this field of activity for his/her imminent contact with mothers. He/she takes care of mother's and child's needs and realizes this care via nursing process. The thesis is focused on methodical recommendations which should support breast-feeding of carried to term newborns. First target of this thesis was to ascertain if the 10 steps to successful breast-feeding are implemented in the hospitals. Second target was to find out if the mothers are enabled to breast-feed their childern for the first time within an hour from delivery. Third target was to find out if the 10 steps for successful breast-feeding are also implemented in field. Fourth target was to find out how is the field education of mothers, concerning the 10 steps to successful breast-feeding, provided. There were following hypothesis determined: H1 - Genuine implementaiton of 10 steps for successful breast-feeding in hospitals corresponds with methodical recommendation as per WHO/UNICEF. H2 - Mothers are enabled to breast-feed their childern for the first time within an hour from delivery. Both theories have been confirmed through research.There were also asked following research questions:VO1 - Does the genuine implementation of 10 steps to successful breast-feeding in field correspond with methodical recommendations as per WHO/UNICEF? VO2 - What is the mother's opinion of implementation of 10 steps to successful breast-feeding in field? The quantitative research part was processed via questionnaires focused on mothers after delivery during they stay at Gynaecological-Obstetrical clinic of College hospital in Pilsen. For qualitative research part of the thesis was chosen a structured field conversation with mothers who were 6 months after delivery. The results of the research show that the 10 steps to successful breast-feeding is implemented indeed both in hospital and field. Mothers are allowed to breast-feed their childern within an hour from delivery. If the first breast-feeding hadn't been performed until one hour from delivery, mothers have been adquately informed how to stimulate and maintan lactation. Respondents in field declared that they were educated by nurse and pediatrician. All respondents in field coincident with opinion that implementation of 10 steps to successful breast-feeding is on high level. Results of reasearch may be a benefit and motivation for work of nursing personell of puerperium ward and rooming. Results may contribute to increase the quality of nursering care of breast-feeding mothers and newborns. In field can be results of the research used to increase the quality of mothers's training in breast-feeding both in pregnancy counsellings and prenatal courses. On the basis of this thesis results will be composed simple comprehensive manual, leaflet or web page which can be at mother's disposal by their attending gynaecologist, outpatient's department of maternity hospital, puerperium ward or at home via internet.
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Satisfaction and work behaviour
FRYDRYCHOVÁ, Václava
The bachelor work tries to define job satisfaction and related work behaviour. The theoretical part is based on knowledge from professional literature. A part of the work is a questionnaire survey aiming at assessment of general job satisfaction and the most important factors related to work behaviour.
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Seniors´ expectations of the residential & nursing home from provided services
KVASNIČKOVÁ, Markéta
Residential & nursing home is a residence facility that provides its users a comprehensive day care. Range of basic activities that are provided to users of the facilities, is stipulated by the law No.108/2006 Coll., on social services. Needs are a part of everyone's life. The needs happen to get changed in old age. The aim of the thesis was to find out what similarities and differences in users' expectations from provided services are in the residential & nursing home for the elderly. To achieve the research project, the qualitative research strategy was used and method of questioning, using a semi-structured interview techniques was chosen. The research sample included four users living in residential & nursing home for the elderly in Chynov, p.o.The first partial research question dealt with what expectations users have in an area of satisfaction of biological needs in relation to the service offered. The respondents are satisfied with the accommodation. Only one of the respondents does not like the accommodation because he/she is not alone in a single room. The respondents are satisfied with meals. Respondents sleep well in the residential & nursing home. One of the respondents gets disturbed while sleeping by a room mate who gets up early.In the field of hygiene two respondents need an additional help of the staff. One respondent suffers from urinary incontinence. Three respondents use compensatory aid when walking. One of the participants of the research minds walking on the wet floor that is very slippery. Other respondents do not see any obstacles in the residential & nursing home that would worsen their movement. Among the most common health problems there are primarily diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Respondents are very satisfied with health care.The second partial research question was addressed to what users´ expectations are in an area of meeting the mental health needs in relation to the service offered. Two respondents from the home environment and others from some residential care came to a residential & nursing home for the elderly.All respondents would recommend other people to stay in a residential & nursing home for the elderly. The respondents' answers suggest that the staff respect their privacy and intimacy. Most often the respondents find information about events on the residential&nursing home on the bulletin board or ask nurses. One of the respondents said they he/she does not know where to get information.To the question of how the respondents feel at the residential & nursing home for the elderly, some responded that they feel comfortable and safe, and others consider their stay in the facility as a necessity. The third partial research question was addressed to what users´ expectations are as to an area of satisfaction of social needs in relation to the service offered.The staff treat users well. One of the respondents had a conflict with one sister some time ago. All participants of the research have established some new friendships. All respondents agreed that there are enough social events in the facility.Among the interests of leisure there are listening to the radio, reading books, doing crossword puzzles and watching TV. The fourth research question was addressed to what users´ expectations are as to meeting the spiritual needs in relation to the service offered. All but one respondent know that there are worships in the residential & nursing home. One respondent says that meeting the spiritual needs of the facility is taboo. Only one of the respondents attends worships regularly at the facility.The respondents' answers suggest that the most common desire is to have a good health as long as possible. One of the respondents would like a single room. One research participant is thinking about death and says that his wish is to go to sleep one day and wake up no more yet.
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