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Možnosti léčby smíšených infekcí ryb
KOCOUR, Jakub
Fish diseases can be one of the factors slowing down the current development of aquaculture. Frequent causes of these diseases are pathogenic bacteria and parasites. The aim of this study was to test the effects of peracetic acid (PAA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on haematological and biochemical indicators as well as on the bacterial and parasitic load in fish. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were exposed to PAA (1.5 mg?l-1 ) and H2O2 (5 mg?l-1 ) for a period of 4 days. After the test ended, blood was collected from the fish to determine haematological and biochemical indicators, and swabs from gills and skin were taken for bacterial and parasitological examination. Haematologically, the following were determined: haematocrit (PCV), haemoglobin content (Hb), mean erythrocyte count (RBC), mean erythrocyte volume (MCV), erythrocyte haemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). From the blood plasma, the following biochemical indicators were assessed: glucose (GLU), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), inorganic phosphate (PHOS), calcium (Ca), triglycerides (TRIG), and globulins (GLOB). The haematological examination showed a statistically significant difference only in the mean erythrocyte volume (P<0.05), with an increase in MCV for the tested substances. Biochemical examination revealed statistically significant (P<0.01) increases in GLU, ALT, ALP, and PHOS levels. In TRIG, a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) occurred only in the group of fish exposed to H2O2. The last statistically significant (P<0.05) difference was observed in GLOB, with a decrease in the group of fish exposed to PAA and an increase in those exposed to H2O2. Bacteriological examination showed a statistically significant (P<0.05) difference in the reduction of bacterial counts on the skin of the fish for both tested substances. Parasitological examination revealed a statistically significant (P<0.05) effect of PAA on the occurrence of Trichodina sp., leading to the complete elimination of these parasites on both the skin and gills. The results showed that the haematological and biochemical indicators were only slightly altered compared to the control. It can be inferred that the application of PAA and H2O2 at the tested concentrations does not significantly stress the fish organism. It was also confirmed that PAA has antibacterial and antiparasitic effects, while H2O2 has only antibacterial effects.
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