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Effects of nitrogen supply and drought on wheat grain quality under the ambient and elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide
Moravcová, Gabriela ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with effects of nitrogen supply, drought and UV radiation on wheat grain quality under the ambient and elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide. The theoretical part deals with the global climate changes, greenhouse gases and especially with effects of elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide on plants. Also, it is dealt with effects of elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide on the wheat grain quality. In the experimental part nitrogen content by the Kjeldahl method, contents of dry and wet gluten, Zeleny test, falling number and content of starch in the wheat samples were determined. The results of this study confirmed affecting the quality of the wheat grain from the elevated concentrations of CO2, nitrogen fertilization, drought and UV radiation. The most evident was the influence of nitrogen nutrition, fertilization positively affected the quality of grain, there was an increase in content of crude protein, gluten content, value of Zeleny sedimentation test, and falling number. As a result of the increase in protein content was also a decrease in starch content. Due to increased levels of carbon dioxide protein content and gluten, Zeleny sedimentation test values and falling number decreased and conversely starch content increased. The decrease of Zeleny sedimentation test by the influence of elevated CO2 concentration was fully compensated by nitrogen fertilization.
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Stravitelnost krmiv pro kapra obecného
MAREŠ, Josef
This bachelor thesis evaluates the composition and apparent digestibility of various types of fish feed and various ingredients applicable to the feeding of common carp. This bachelor thesis also evaluates the suitability of individual components based on the digestibility of individual nutrients. The results show that the right combination of fish feed improves efficiency, reduces feed consumption and increases growth. Last but not least, the negative impact of feeding on the quality of the aquatic environment should be reduced. This bachelor thesis summarizes existing digestibility values of individual feed ingredients for common carp and then its own experiment, which was very time- consuming. Some already known values have been confirmed and some new information about the content of individual components of feed and their subsequent use has been found. The results for wheat and maize were compared with results of other authors. Triticale, daphnia and chironomidae larvae were used for the first time, so the values could not be compared, nevertheless it could be used as a basic information for further research in this area. The average content of individual cereal parameters were: 16% protein content and 64% digestibility, 2% fat content and 70% digestibility, 74% BNLV content and 74% digestibility. Fiber content 5% and ash content 2% with very low digestibility. Phosphorus content 0.6% and digestibility 30%. Average content of individual parameters for natural foods was: protein content 55% and digestibility 86%, fat content 5% and digestibility 74%, BNLV 20% and digestibility 41 %, fiber content 7% and digestibility 8%, ash content 14% and digestibility 30%, phosphorus content 1.2% and 74% digestibility. The resulting element was to determine the most suitable feed for pond aquaculture. According to the available results, wheat combined with natural food is the best option. Wheat is very energy rich, but has a low protein content. Conversely, natural food is energy rich in easily usable protein. The optimal ratio of natural food to wheat was 0.25:2. With this ratio we can meet the ideal nutritional requirements of common carp (31% digestible protein, 0.6-0.7 % phosphorus, 3200 kcal?kg-1 digestible energy). With the right feed, we are able to reduce the negative impact on water quality and this is one of the main goals for the future.
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Effects of nitrogen supply and drought on wheat grain quality under the ambient and elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide
Moravcová, Gabriela ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with effects of nitrogen supply, drought and UV radiation on wheat grain quality under the ambient and elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide. The theoretical part deals with the global climate changes, greenhouse gases and especially with effects of elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide on plants. Also, it is dealt with effects of elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide on the wheat grain quality. In the experimental part nitrogen content by the Kjeldahl method, contents of dry and wet gluten, Zeleny test, falling number and content of starch in the wheat samples were determined. The results of this study confirmed affecting the quality of the wheat grain from the elevated concentrations of CO2, nitrogen fertilization, drought and UV radiation. The most evident was the influence of nitrogen nutrition, fertilization positively affected the quality of grain, there was an increase in content of crude protein, gluten content, value of Zeleny sedimentation test, and falling number. As a result of the increase in protein content was also a decrease in starch content. Due to increased levels of carbon dioxide protein content and gluten, Zeleny sedimentation test values and falling number decreased and conversely starch content increased. The decrease of Zeleny sedimentation test by the influence of elevated CO2 concentration was fully compensated by nitrogen fertilization.
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