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Advanced Methods of Perfusion Analysis in MRI
Macíček, Ondřej ; Frollo, Ivan (referee) ; Mikl, Michal (referee) ; Jiřík, Radovan (advisor)
This dissertation deals with quantitative perfusion analysis of MRI contrast-enhanced image time sequences. It focuses on two so far separately used methods -- Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and Dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI (DSC-MRI). The common problem of such perfusion analyses is the unreliability of perfusion parameters estimation. This penalizes usage of these unique techniques on a regular basis. The presented methods are intended to improve these drawbacks, especially the problems with quantification in DSC in case of contrast agent extravasation and instability of the deconvolution process in DCE using advanced pharmacokinetic models. There are a few approaches in literature combining DCE and DSC to estimate new parameters of the examined tissue, namely the relaxivity of the vascular and of the interstitial space. Originally, in this scheme, the 2CXM DCE model was used. Here various models for DCE analysis are tested keeping in mind the DCE-DSC combination. The ATH model was found to perform better in this setting compared to 2CXM. Finally, the ATH model was used in alternating DCE-DSC optimization algorithm and then in a truly fully simultaneous DCE-DSC. The processing was tested using simulated and in-vivo data. According to the results, the proposed simultaneous algorithm performs better in comparison with sequential DCE-DSC, unleashing full potential of perfusion analysis using MRI.
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Centre for Prevention, Masaryk Oncology Institute in Brno
Blechová, Lenka ; Machovský, Tomáš (referee) ; Sládeček, Svatopluk (advisor)
The subject of the diploma thesis is a project of Centre for Prevention and an extension of the Clinic of Radiational oncology on the edge of Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute in Brno. The project completes pavilions composition. It responses to the future development designed in nearest surrounding. The project creates a new public space with a view towards Brno and the Pálava area. The project also proposes a sequential building – the Prevention centre at first and the Proton centre later.
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Modeling and Signal Processing in Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Kratochvíla, Jiří ; Šroubek,, Filip (referee) ; Tintěra,, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jiřík, Radovan (advisor)
The theoretical part of this work describes perfusion analysis of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging from data acquisition to estimation of perfusion parameters. The main application fields are oncology, cardiology and neurology. The thesis is focused on quantitative perfusion analysis, specifically it contributes to solving of the the main challenge of this method – correct estimation of the contrast-agent concentration sequence in the arterial input of the region of interest (arterial input function). The goals of the thesis are stated based on literature review and on the expertise of our group. Blind deconvolution is selected as the method of choice. In the practical part of this thesis, a new method for arterial input function identification based on blind deconvolution is proposed. The method is designed for both preclinical and clinical applications. It was validated on synthetic, preclinical and clinical data. Furthermore, possibilities of the longer temporal sampling provided by blind deconvolution were analyzed. This can be used for improved spatial resolution and possibly for higher SNR. For easier deployment of the proposed methods into clinical and preclinical use, a software tool for perfusion data processing was designed.
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Centre for Prevention, Masaryk Oncology Institute in Brno
Buzová, Magdaléna ; Kraus, David (referee) ; Galeová, Nicol (advisor)
The objective of the diploma thesis is the new building of Cancer Prevention Centre, first of its kind in the Czech Republic. The site is located on steep terrain of the south hillside of Žlutý kopec in Brno, which is a part of Masaryk Oncological Hospital complex. The aim of the Cancer Prevention Centre is to attract the citizens’ attention and invite them to undergo a preventive medical check-up with the potential to save hundreds of lives every year. The project takes this fact in consideration and strives to find ways leading not only towards establishing new relationship between the building and the public, but also towards connecting the city centre and nearby by residential area with the hospital complex. The three volumes of the buildings create a dynamic composition and therefore complete the characteristic development of Masaryk Oncological Centre. The main concept however revolves around the motive of instability, balance and journey which are all linked to tumour diseases.
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Centre for Prevention, Masaryk Oncology Institute in Brno
Krejčí, Johana ; Adamson,, Krsitina Richter (referee) ; Sládeček, Svatopluk (advisor)
Diplomová práce zpracovává komplexní návrh nového Centra prevence rakoviny v areálu Masarykova onkologického ústavu na Žlutém kopci v Brně. První stavba svého druhu v České republice doplňuje současnou zástavbu nemocničního areálu. Koncepce navrženého souboru budov se zaměřuje na kontakt hranice nemocničního areálu s nově vznikající obytnou čtvrtí v této lokalitě. Návrh obsahuje jak samotné centrum prevence, lůžkové oddělení nebo protonové centrum, tak pronajímatelné prostory pro další služby široké veřejnosti.
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Health centre Proficlinic
Růžička, Věroslav ; Kalánek, Jiří (referee) ; Brzoň, Roman (advisor)
The subject of my diploma thesis is the processing of project documentation of the construction part for the realization of the new build private health centre Proficlinic in the outskirts of České Budějovice. It is a two-storey partially basement building. On the first floor there is a pharmacy with the preparation of cytostatics, surgery x-ray and facilities for staff. On the underground floor there are technical facilities for new buildings and storage facilities. On the second floor there are individual surgeries and day care center of oncology. The ceilings are made of prestressed panels. The roof of the building is flat single-skinned.
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Centre for Prevention, Masaryk Oncology Institute in Brno
Lanžhotská, Klára ; Páterová, Kateřina (referee) ; Sládeček, Svatopluk (advisor)
Assignment of diploma thesis is a design of the Prevention center building and expansion of Radiation oncology clinic in Masaryk oncological institution in Brno. The newly build complex should contain aggregate facility for preventive examinations including screening section, advisory centers and center for proton therapy. Another components will also be an inpatient ward, personnel facilites, apartments for employees and rentable units. The purpose of creation of a new prevention center is an increase in capacity for carrying out prevention within commerical programme and also during taking care of people with increased risk of occurence of a malignant tumor.
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Terapeutické monoklonální protilátky v nádorovém léčbě
Danišová, Terezie
In recent years, therapy with monoclonal antibodies has been increasingly used in clinical practice. Treatment based on these antibodies has a wide range of advantages over classical therapeutic procedures such as chemotherapy, including reduced side effects. Their greatest advantage is their specificity towards cancer cells, which does not damage surrounding healthy cells. The aim of this compilation work is to summarize and present the molecular basis of tu-mour development and the processes that monoclonal antibodies suppress, stimulate, and contribute to stopping tumour progression. This compilation work provides a basic literary over-view of carcinogenesis at the molecular level, which is necessary for understanding the princi-ples on which monoclonal antibodies function. This work later focuses on monoclonal antibodies, their mechanism of action, and production techniques.
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