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Criminal and criminological aspects of the crime - murder
Skutková, Nikola ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
Criminal a criminological aspects of the crime - murder Abstract This thesis deals with the crime of murder from the legal and criminological point of view, which implies a systematic work. The first part of the thesis, dealing with criminal law aspects, describes the previous legislation, but the emphasis is put on the current regulation, its division of the facts according to the circumstances of the offender's conduct. Other crimes directed against human life are briefly presented for completeness of the interpretation of crimes against life. In connection with this comparison, I have given more attention to the issue of euthanasia in the thesis, which is in many ways connected with the crime of murder in terms of current legislation and the development of insight into this issue is very interesting in the Czech Republic and other EU countries. The topic of the thesis is criminal and criminological aspects, so in the first part of the thesis I focused on individual aspects of the crime of murder in terms of its conceptual features, ie object, subject, objective side and subjective side and forms of crime in terms of developmental stages and criminal cooperation. Other circumstances that affect the assessment of the offender's conduct are related to the crime of murder, and the legal classification of the...
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Crime of women in Czechoslovakia
Kuželíková, Lenka ; Štemberk, Jan (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
The thesis deals with the crime of women in Czechoslovakia. The aim of the theoretical and empirical work is to map the crime of women in Czechoslovakia, namely its occurrence, and to use selected case studies to find out the motives of women perpetrators, who were victims, and apply selected theories of crime to specific cases. In the theoretical part will be introduced basic theories and concepts related to crime , from the sociological, psychological and biological point of view. Given that the work focuses primarily on female crime, the next section will specifically focus on the specificities of female crime and define the types of female criminals with the motives behind the crime, especially with a focus on murder. The last part of the theoretical part is focused on how crime was measured not only in the period of Czechoslovakia, but also how it is measured today, and where it is possible to get information about this social phenomenon. The empirical part of the thesis is devoted to the research itself, in which both qualitative and quantitative data were used. It also includes research on historical archival research, as it was worked from sources from archives. In the empirical part of the thesis, we are already working with specific data, namely data that map women's crime in...
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Criminality in the Czech Repulic
Doležalová, Barbora ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Palanská, Tereza (referee)
This thesis aims to analyze factors influencing crime rate in the Czech Republic. From time immemorial, crime rate has been a part of our society and its impacts do not influence only its victims but the whole economy as well. The main contribution of this thesis is an econometric analysis of the most recent panel data of Czech counties from 2010 to 2017. Thanks to this dataset we identified factors and their significances. For more accurate results we also examined factors influencing particular crimes - robbery, burglary, rape and murder. By analysis we found out that unemployment rate is significant factor, however, this factor has negative relationship with crime rate. This relationship can be described that by increasing unemployment rate people more care about their belongings, hence, it is harder for criminals to commit a crime. Positive and significant relationship was found between unemployment and robbery. Furthermore, results show that the percentage of foreigners is positively significant to burglary and rape. Therefore, it is important to focus on integration of foreigners into our society. Moreover, income inequality is positively significant in a rape model and the deterrence is positively significant as well in a crime rate model.
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The methodology of investigation of crimes against life (selected problems)
Vidnerová, Karolína ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
The methodology of investigation of crimes against life (selected problems) Abstract The topic of this thesis is the methodology of investigation of crimes against life. Due to the fact that this is undoubtedly a very wide topic and the investigation of all crimes against life follows the same principles using similar methods, this diploma thesis is focused on the method of a murder investigation as the most serious crime against life, if not the most serious criminal action of them all. The first chapter of my diploma thesis is devoted to the substantive regulation of all crimes against life according to § 140 to 144 of the Criminal Code. In this part of the thesis, I describe the obligatory signs of their facts, ie. their object, subject, objective side, and a subjective aspect. In the second chapter of this thesis, I deal with the criminalistics characteristics of the crime of murder, whose typical components are the way of committing, the personality of the perpetrator and the victim as well as the motive. As part of the thesis, I use examples from practice, namely cases of serial murders on which these typical characters can be shown. In the third chapter of the thesis, I describe the general division of traces, including the typical traces that criminalists can find in investigating murders. The...
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Crime of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the criminal code
Krs, Matyáš ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
This thesis deals with the crimes of murder and manslaughter which are regulated under section 140 and 141 of the effective criminal code. The main objective of this thesis is to perform an analysis of the bodies of the mentioned crimes with the help of specialised literature and case law. This thesis is divided into seven parts further split into chapters and points. The first part, which is focused on the historical development of the examined crimes, especially in the period from the foundation of the independent Czechoslovakia to the moment of the enactment of the current criminal code, is split into two chapters. The dividing line between these chapters is the "legal biennial," more precisely the moment of the enactment of the criminal code from 1950 that unified and simplified the existing regulation of the intentional killings as well as the substantive criminal law as a whole. The second part is also divided into two chapters and it places the crimes of murder and manslaughter into a wider context of the first head of the special part of the criminal code and of the systematics of the intentional killings as well. The third part of this thesis is focused on the object (protected value) of the crimes of murder and manslaughter, which is the human life, more precisely the part of the human...
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Crime of murder under section 140 of the criminal code, criminal law, criminological and criminalistic aspects
Šír, Daniel ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
Crime of murder under section 140 of the criminal code: criminal law, criminological and criminalistic aspects Abstract This thesis is intended to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the crime phenomenon of murder not only from a criminal law point of view, but also from a criminological and criminalistic point of view. Before the analysis of the actual questions is first described the history of the legal regulation of murders in the territory of nowadays Czech Republic, as the outline of the development and approach to punishment of murders in history serves to better understand the form of the present arrangement and its meaning. Subsequently, the term human life is described, in which it is important to define its beginning and end, as it is highlighted that it is the object of the murder crime and the most important criminal code protected by the interest. After that, the issue of the crime of murder from the point of view of criminal law is already addressed, especially by its inclusion within the system of intentional killing, which is contained in the current Criminal Code. At the beginning, the elements of a crime of murder are characterized and typified. Then the space is given to analysis the types of murders and their features as they are defined in § 140 of the Criminal Code....
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Forms of crime committed by organized crime
Hamouz, Tomáš ; Gřivna, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
107 Forms of crime committed by organized crime - Abstract The aim of this work was to map the range of criminal offenses and other criminal acts perpetrated by perpetrators of organized crime. Members and supporters of criminal organizations commit a large number of different offenses, primarily with the intention of obtaining illegal profits. However, some actions aim at legalizing previous revenues, establishing contacts in police, justice, and public administration, or to prevent these groups from being exposed. A specific crime may have multiple meanings in the overall strategy of the organized crime subject. Such an act is committed to both profits and cover- up (eg murder, extortion). This work is divided into three parts. The first part, consisting of Chapter 1, deals with the theoretical and legal definition of organized crime and other related concepts, such as organized groups and organized criminal groups. For these characteristics, both professional treatises and legal regulations are used, including international conventions, EU legislation and the laws of the Czech Republic. This section also provides a demonstrative list of the main criminal activities of organized crime. The second part, consisting of chapters 2 and 3, focuses on the historical development of organized crime and the...
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The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology
Miškovská, Bára ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology In my diploma thesis, I have focused on the offender's personality in Criminology. Even though the personality of each person is individual, it still has some features that are common to more offenders. By describing these characteristics and factors, I tried to find the answer to the question whether a person is predestined to be a killer or whether it depends on our decisions. In connection with this, I was asking myself whether it is possible to know in advance that someone has a predisposition to be a killer or whether murder can be prevented. Can we choose our destiny? The diploma thesis is divided into two parts. After defining the basic concepts, in the second chapter I describe the offender's personality from the point of view of psychology, criminology and criminal law. In the third chapter I provide an overview of criminological theories, formed during the development of criminology, where a divergence from the conception of born criminal is perceptible. The fourth chapter is devoted to individual types of offenders and is complemented by chapter five that deals with factors that affect criminal behaviour. The second part of my work is divided into five chapters, where the chapter six and seven deal with a murder and a personality of...
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The methodology of investigating crimes against life (selected issues)
Renková, Michaela ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
The theme of this diploma thesis is "The methodology of investigating crimes against life (selected issues) ". As the title itself suggests, the work focuses only on some aspects of the murder investigation methodology which is in criminalistics practice used also to investigate other crimes against life, as well as to investigate suspected deaths, sudden deaths or suicides. This theme is so extensive that it cannot be fully covered within a defined range, therefore the thesis only deals with certain aspects. The core of this thesis lies in the peculiarities of the initial investigative actions, with increased attention paid to the act of investigation. The first chapter contains a brief introduction to the issue of crimes against life in terms of criminal law. At the beginning of the chapter, the concept of human life as a generic object of these crimes is analyzed as well, with respect to the importance of determining its beginning and its end. The chapter is completed with statistics on the number of crimes against life in the years 2010-2016. The second chapter is focused on the criminological aspects of the murder investigation methodology, while, first of all, the components of the criminological characteristics of the murders are outlined for a better orientation in the given issue, i.e. the...
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Crime of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the criminal code
Junek, Martin ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
My thesis deals with crimes of murder and manslaughter under section of 140, 141 Czech criminal code. The main goal is to analyse obligatory and facultative facts of these crimes, especially by using legal literature and tens of judicial decisions. However, this goal is not easy to achieve if the reader is not properly familiar with general issues concerning the topic. Therefore, some of more general topics are necessary part of my thesis as well. A short introduction in the beginning is followed by a chapter dedicated to human life. Human life is protected object of both discussed crimes, murder and manslaughter. What needs to be properly understood is where a human life begins and ends. Man can be only killed only if his or hers life had begun as perceived by criminal law. The chapter is focused on the majority understanding of the beginning of a new life of the legal experts (to which I also lean towards) but the minority opinion is briefly mentioned as well. The end of human life is even more important because killing another person is the merit of the concerned crimes. However, the end of the human life is mostly quite clear and it is not usually questioned by legal experts. The second more general chapter is determined to introduce the historical development of the legal regulation of the...
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