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Determinants of Regional Differentiation of Mortality in the Czech Republic
Pachlová, Tereza
Determinants of Regional Differentiation of Mortality in the Czech Republic Abstract There are considerable differences in socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors influencing mortality on the individual and also on the aggregate levels. These differences were observed and explained in many countries of the world. The objective of this thesis is to find and evaluate the most significant external factors which influence actual regional differentiation of mortality in districts of the Czech Republic. The objective was achieved by means of the demographic and statistical analysis methods. First, there was a comparison of mortality rates calculated for each of the socioeconomic clusters. It was found out that higher mortality rates appeared among men and women living in the districts with unfavourable external conditions. Using the Poisson log-linear model, the most important factors influencing differences in mortality rates in districts of the Czech Republic were identified. These factors are: share of the unemployed, share of the divorced, share of university-educated people and the number of physicans in hospitals per 1000 inhabitants. Share of the unemployed seems to be the most significant factor. There is a correlation between this factor and the total mortality rate as well as the leading causes of...
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Prognosis in Ischemic Stroke Patients and Related Prognostic Faktors
Kielbergerová, Lenka ; Rohan, Vladimír (advisor) ; Holečková, Irena (referee) ; Petrák, Ondřej (referee)
Stroke is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. In the theoretical part of the thesis, we try to summarize the overall knowledge of stroke, the definitions and the general approach to the diagnosis and treatment, with a focus on ischemic stroke. Furthermore, the issue of acute phase treatment and secondary preventive treatment of ischemic stroke is reviewed and the modalities of the subsequent neurological deficit evaluation, the occurrence of mood disorders and the assessment of the quality of life of individuals after stroke are discussed. Our research aimed to assess the perspective of ischemic stroke patients admitted to the hospital. The first part is focusing on the mortality of patients with ischemic stroke in the period 2003-2019 in the Westbohemian region and its relation to secondary prevention. The second part aims to identify the main clinical and psychosocial factors affecting the quality of life of chronic stable post-stroke patients after their first in-life episode of stroke. The relation of poor quality of life indicators, mortality and conventional cardiovascular risk factors is prospectively assessed. The mortality of patients after first-in-life ischemic stroke hospitalization the years 2003- 2019 is higher compared to worldwide trends. In the...
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Tuberculosis - re-established problem of European population
Jírová, Jitka
Tuberculosis - re-established problem of European population Abstract The main objective of this study is to collect data and to provide information about current tuberculosis burden on European population and to capture the most important trends in development of spreading the infection in the European region in the period 1995-2010. A typology of the countries of the European region is performed on the base of main features of tuberculosis morbidity and mortality in the period 2008-2010. Detailed analysis of level of tuberculosis morbidity and mortality for each region was based on available data. The study also presents the plans of major world and European organizations to eliminate spread of tuberculosis.
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Old age, mortality and the meaning of life
RADILOVÁ, Antonie
The bachelor thesis focuses on old age as a period of balancing lived life and accepting one's own finiteness. The themes of old age, mortality and the meaning of life are put in the theoretical and research part of the thesis into mutual context. Using in-depth interviews with individuals living in a selected home for the elderly, the practical part focuses on mapping their assessment of life and finding meaning in it, accepting life in a home for the elderly and relating these seniors to their own mortality. The selected seniors evaluate their lives positively and perceive them as meaningful. The main sources of meaning in life is primarily relationships and a particular society. The home for the elderly is perceived by the respondents as a place to live and some sort of liberation. Going to this institution is mostly taken positively and the seniors are satisfied there. The selected seniors do not think about death and are reconciled to their mortality. They see death as the logical end of life, of which they have no fear. However, there is a fear of dying and a wish not to be a burden to others.
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Ukazatele výkrmnosti u kachen ve vybraném podniku
FULÍN, Ondřej
The aim of the bachelor thesis was to perform practical monitoring of production indicators of broiler hybrid Cherry Valley SM3 in the Smilkov farm Ltd. The study was carried out in two breeds (Smilkov and Kouty) with different fattening technology for the period of 1 year. The weighing always included 1 % of the total number of ducks of the monitored batch, i.e., 32 ducks. The results were obtained from 14 batches (7 batches from each barn). The highest live weight was achieved in the Smilkov breed, with an average of 3.52 kg/pcs, while the Kouty breed achieved an average weight of 3.45 kg/pcs. The Smilkov breed also achieved a better average daily gain, which was 83.3 g/head/day, the Kouty breed had a lower average daily gain of 81.5 g/head/day. The Kouty stable, which has a controlled microclimate, showed better results in mortality rate and feed consumption. The average mortality rate was 1.64 % and 153.3 t of complete feed mixture were fed during the period under review. The average mortality rate in the Smilkov farm was 2.87 % and 165.1 t complete feed mixture was consumed, a difference of 11.8 t of feed between the farms. The feed conversion ratio (amount of feed needed per 1 kg of gain) in the Kouty farm was 2.2 kg/1 kg of gain, while in the Smilkov farm the conversion was found to be 2.3 kg/1 kg of gain.
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Comparison of risks of people occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation to people working in other professions
VORÁČKOVÁ, Marcela
The diploma thesis deals with the examination of risks impacting persons professionally exposed to ionizing radiation and the dangers posed by other professions. It is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theory explains the concept of ionizing radiation and considers its sources. It also discusses the effects and subsequent exposures and protection. There is a brief chapter on workplaces with radiation sources. The practical part is designed in the form of qualitative research. The aim was to compare the risks in ccupations in which people are exposed to ionizing radiation with the risks of persons in other professions. During the research, I determined radiation doses, radiation risks in employees, the number of expected deaths, the cause of exposure, the consequences and the possibility of preventive measures. I also examined mortality in other selected professions. I determined the number of deaths caused by cancer and other diseases and injuries. At the end there are three interviews with the physicians of Prague hospitals and a nuclear power station providing information on this issue from their many years of experience. In the discussion part, the results are being compared and evaluated. The risks of death of irradiated workers, the benefits they actually receive, have been shown to be low, and their positions are therefore considered safe compared to other professions. For other jobs, on the other hand, a high number of deaths during working hours has been ascertained. In the case of the risk of death of irradiated workers with "tolerable" doses, the values are already higher in comparison with other professions. Despite the benefits of the work, its research may be negatively affected by a small selection of professions - not all existing positions have been included, such as teachers, bricklayers, train drivers, game carers and others. Therefore, it is important to further nvestigate the risks and discuss the correct setting of limits for radiation workers.
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The literature for children and teenagers as a mean of familiarising them with the death
KOLÁŘOVÁ, Veronika
Diplomová práce se zaměřuje na tématiku smrti a její detabuizaci. V první části je shrnutí informací spojených především s dětským vnímáním smrti a popsání postoje společnosti a postoje dospělých vůči dětem v situaci setkání se smrtí. Cílem diplomové práce je poskytnout inspiraci těm, kteří se podílejí na výchově dětí, jak být dětem průvodcem při setkání s tématem smrti. Práce představuje různé možnosti, jak téma smrti otevírat s dětmi především ve spojitosti s literaturou zaměřenou na tématiku smrti. Druhá část je věnována představení literatury pro děti s tématikou smrti a interaktivnímu programu, který je zaměřený na tématiku smrti a je vyústěním celé práce a nabízí inspiraci pro práci s dětmi.
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Analysis of the regional development of mortality in NUTS 3 regions in Czechia and Sweden during 1997-2011
Trajer, Jiří ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
Analysis of the regional development of mortality in NUTS 3 regions in Czechia and Sweden during 1997-2011 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze and describe the development of regional mortality in Czechia and Sweden from 1997 to 2011. Besides of total mortality of both countries and their regions we will focus on the development of regional mortality and regional differentiation of mortality from five most common causes of death for both sexes. These five groups include diseases of circulatory, respiratory and digestive system and neoplasms with external causes of morbidity and mortality. As a basic indicator from selected causes of death is used age-standardized mortality rate and in case of total mortality is also used life expectancy. In both countries the raise of life expectancy and decline of standardized mortality rates were observed during the monitored period. The decline of standardized mortality rates were observed in both countries for almost all causes of death with one exception. The exception was rise of the mortality from respiratory system diseases in Czechia. Keywords: mortality, regional analysis, causes of death, Czechia, Sweden, regional inequalities
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Impact of alcohol on health
Kohoutová, Iva ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Impact of alcohol on health Abstract According to World Health Organisation about 3 % of all deaths in the world are alcohol- -related. The Czech Republic has continuously high per capita alcohol consumption which is conected not only to health risks possibly leading to disability, permanent disability or to premature death. But also has social and economic impacts. Problematic drinking can decrease work performance which can lead to unemployment, it also increases risk of criminality and causes serious problems in family life. First part of this work briefly describes history and development of perception of alcoholism and its possible consequences. It also contains an analysis of alcohol consumption in the Czech republic and its sociodemographic determinants. The second part focuses on effects of alcohol on health and quantification of its impact on mortality and morbidity. Key words: alcohol, mortality, morbidity, alcoholism, injury, pregnancy
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