National Repository of Grey Literature 655 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Hmyzí škůdci ovocných dřevin v sadech postižených tornádem
Mančíková, Radka
Observations of insect pests were carried out in 2022 and 2023 on domestic apple trees in two orchards in the Hodonín region, in Lužice, in an orchard affected by a tornado, and in Prušánky. During the observation of overwintering stages of pests, a total of 6 159 individuals from two orders, four families, were recorded in 2022. The most abundant family was Diaspididae (5 922 individuals), followed by Tetranychidae (151 individuals), Psyllidae (63 individuals), and Aphididae (22 individuals). In 2023, there was a significant decline in the abundance of representatives of all families. On average, the abundance of pests was higher in the experimental plot in Prušánky. Two species – Aphis pomi and Eriosoma lanigerum – were recorded during aphid observations during the growing season. A total of 733 colonies were recorded, the species distribution was roughly the same in both plots. The apple trees damaged by the tornado had the lowest number of aphid individuals. Using a pheromone trap for Cydia pomonella, its occurrence was confirmed in both experimental plots. The observation period was from 1 May to 31 August, and two peaks of occurrence were recorded during this period. With beating, total of 331 individuals, 7 insect species from 5 families, were recorded during the period from 22 August to 25 September. The most abundant species was the apple sawfly (Hoplocampa testudinea) (80 individuals).
Problematika invazních druhů raků na území České republiky
Čuprová, Veronika
The diploma thesis following the bachelor thesis "Invasive species in the Czech Republic" is focused on the issue of invasive species of crayfish. The aim of the thesis is to describe the legislation, the current method of monitoring these species and the possibilities of their regulation. The thesis deals with the monitoring of invasive crayfish species at two selected sites in the Czech Republic and the application of appropriate regulatory interventions. Along with the monitoring, water samples were taken and analyses for the presence of crayfish plague were carried out. The results show that at the Prostřední rybník site, where the marbled crayfish occurs and where eradication measures have been underway since 2020, it has still not been completely successfully eradicated. From the interview conducted with local respondents, it was found that about half of the respondents are aware of this issue, thanks to the actions carried out to eliminate this species and the information boards posted in the area. In addition to the signal crayfish, a small population of the native endangered river crayfish is also present at Besének. Regulatory measures have also been implemented at this site in order to eliminate this invasive species as much as possible and to prevent potential threats to the native crayfish. Based on the results obtained, further possible control measures were proposed at both sites. In the future, more focus should be placed on education of this highly topical issue, as public awareness and understanding is considered one of the most effective preventive measures.
Výskyt vrtule ořechové a intenzita napadení ořešáku královského
Kabelková, Karolína
The occurrence of the walnut husk fly Rhagoletis completa was monitored in 2022 at 60 locations in the Czech Republic. The study was divided into two parts – Own experiment (5 locations) and the NAJDI.JE project experiment (55 locations), where two variants were tested - sticky traps (37 locations) and sticky traps with spray (18 locations). The occurrence was monitored mainly using yellow sticky traps in five periods. Part of the NAJDI.JE project experiment was the testing of the effectiveness of the spray, which contained the Mospilan 20 SP agent with the active substance acetamiprid and the food attractant Combi-protec. During the Own experiment, a total of 1,638 walnut fruit fly individuals were caught – most in Moravany (715). During the NAJDI.JE project experiment, a total of 28 680 individuals of the walnut husk fly were caught - the most in the South Moravian region (22 661). The highest average number of individuals per a sticky trap was recorded in Moravany (28,6) and South Moravian Region (19,86). The highest numbers of individuals were captured in the last, fifth period – Dvorska (227), South Moravian Region (6 545). The variant used and the height of the sticky trap placement had no effect on the number of captured individuals of the walnut husk fly. The experiment’s impact on fruit damage was confirmed regarding the variant. In both experiment variants (sticky traps vs. sticky traps with spray), the damage was reduced – sticky traps by 0,78 degrees, sticky traps with spray by 0,69 degrees. The experiment had an effect of increasing the yield in both variants of the experiment – sticky traps by 2,23 kg, sticky traps with spray by 12,54 kg. With regard to the variant, the effect of sticky traps was evaluated as follows – sticky traps (2,11), sticky traps with spray (2,2). For sticky traps with spray, the spraying efficiency was rated 2,7.
Zhodnocení zdravotního stavu dřevin na vybraných plochách Obecních lesů Ostrov (okr. Ústí nad Orlicí)
Starý, Pavel
The bachelor thesis evaluates the health status of trees in the Ostrov Municipal Forests in the district of Ústí nad Orlicí. The monitoring was carried out from October 2021 to December 2022 using the field method in two areas. The hard-to-determine fungal pathogen species found were sampled for laboratory determination. A total of 11 fungal pathogens were found, with the most important species being pine blister blight (Lophodermium pinastri), spruce budworm (Armillaria ostoyae) and alder blight (Phytophthora alni). Among insect pests, the spruce budworm (Ips typografus) and the alder weevil (Agelestica alni) were detected on alders. The stands of the Ostrov Municipal Forest are in a satisfactory state of health despite the presence of these fungal pathogens and insects.
Škůdci volně rostoucích a pěstovaných hluchavkovitých léčivek
Kočicová, Anna
I observed pests of Lamiaceae medicinal plants by visual inspection in the growing season of 2022 on two experimental areas. The first experimental area was the MENDELU arboretum, the second was the garden in Boleradice. 30 species of plants were monitored in area 1 (MENDELU arboretum) and 10 plant species in area 2 (Boleradice). A total of 711 individuals, 31 pest species, from 4 orders and 18 families were detected. 20 species of insects belong to the order of Hemiptera, 9 to the order of Coleoptera, 1 to the order of Orthoptera, and 1 Dermaptera. Aphids were the most nu-merous taxon (137 individuals). The representation of polyphagous, oligophagous and monophagous phytophages was almost identical on both experimental plots: polypha-gous 56–57%, oligophagous 42%, monophagous 1–2%. Phytophagous species detected on Lamiaceae plants reached a higher occurrence in the MENDELU arboretum than in Boleradice. No phytophages were detected on Salvia splendens, Nepeta cataria, Galeopsis segetum and Ocimum basalicum. The most attacked plant was Ballota nigra (104 individuals and 14 species). The monitored Lamiaceae plants were not seriously damaged, and therefore it was not necessary to use any regulatory measures against pests.
Zhodnocení rycí aktivity prasete divokého v lesním prostředí
Růžičková, Eliška
On 970 ha of the monitored area of Hodonínská Dúbrava, which includes the Hodonínská Dúbrava National Natural Monument, a field survey was carried out in the form of monitoring of wild boar (Sus scrofa) rooting in order to clarify the extent of the wild boar's impact on the forest ecosystem. The subject of the investigation were fresh wild boar rootings, therefore the monitoring was carried conducted after winter, in the spring of 2022. It was necessary to follow established lines evenly distributed over the area and each recorded fresh rooting was documented in the GPS device as well as in a spreadsheet. A total of 2,298 recordings were collected with detailed information on the rooting area, layer or for example vegetation cover. These data were supplemented with LHP data from the Forests of the Czech Republic followed by their evaluation. Wild boar largely preferred medium-aged pine stands and mature oak stands and its activities mainly affected forest types 1S and 1O. In majority of cases, the wild boar rooted to a depth of 25 cm and preferred the soil subtype Cambysem arenaceous. Distance from roads and watercourses became a significant factor in the intensity of rooting.
Datové sběrnice zemědělských strojů
Janeček, Tomáš
The diploma thesis “Agricultural machinery data buses” discusses different types of networks in vehicles, namely in agricultural machinery. In the first part, it is stated what information itself represents and in which ways information, or data, can be transferred. The principle of computer communication is illustrated using the ISO/OSI reference model. It also shows what data buses are used in vehicles, in particular the CAN bus, which provides the communication for the control units of most current vehicles. SAE J1939, the universal communication protocol used in trucks and agricultural equipment, is also described. It is also shown how the tractor is enabled to communicate with the implement via the ISOBUS. The data source was the tractor CASE IH PUMA 195. The obtained data were processed and then displayed in graphs. Each graph has a commentary discussing its potential use in practice. The last part discusses the possibilities of monitoring vehicle operational data and its use to increase the efficiency of operations.
Monitoring ohrožených druhů v přírodní rezervaci Uhliska a využití lokality pro vzdělávání a cestovní ruch
Holčík, Tomáš
The diploma thesis is devoted to the mapping of endangered animal species in the Uhliska nature reserve. The theoretical part deals with the description of plant and animal species from the point of view of taxonomy and bionomy. In the practical part, I focus on monitoring the occurrence of endangered species of spotted bluebird and marsh bluebird. The result of the monitoring will be graphs with the occurrence of individual species, the representation of the sexes of butterflies and the occurrence of the host plant of the bloodsucker toten. In the second part, the questionnaire examines public awareness of this area, attendance and satisfaction with information about this area. In the second part of the questionnaire, the thesis examines the satisfaction of the respondents with the cooperation of the municipality and the Department of the Environment, or a potential agreement with the introduction of hypotourism in the area.
Use of the Agrorisk.cz portal – an early warning system against the negative effects of weather on agriculture
Žalud, Zdeněk ; Svobodová, Eva ; Klem, Karel ; Hlavinka, Petr ; Semerádová, Daniela ; Zahradníček, Pavel ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Bláhová, Monika ; Kudláčková, Lucie ; Balek, Jan
The early warning system against negative weather effects offers a daily updated description of abiotic and selected biotic risks threatening field production at the cadastral level. It includes their 9-day forecast. The methodology is primarily intended for agronomists,plant doctors and agricultural managers, as well as scientists, agricultural consultants and representatives of public administration.
Invasive species mapping beyond activities of Nature Conservation Agency
Joščáková, Aneta ; Pergl, Jan (advisor) ; Chobot, Karel (referee)
Invasive species are a persistent problem in environmental protection. In order to grasp invasions properly and especially for their effective management, it is necessary to have good information on the occurrence of invasive species. However, mapping activities to date have mostly been narrowly focused, mainly on sites of conservation interest and selected flagship species. Records from these activities are now concentrated in the Nature Conservancy Central Register of the Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic. This database is currently the best data source on the occurrence of invasive species in the Czech Republic. Nevertheless, it still does not contain a satisfactory number of records. The largest gaps are in areas outside the interest of nature conservation. Mapping of these areas can be done through citizen science, which is specifically very suitable for mapping invasive species. Another promising but rarely used source of data on the occurrence of invasive species is the grey literature, the potential of which has been explored in this bachelor's thesis. Thesis and professional surveys organised by the county were examined. It was shown that all the studied works and surveys contained large amount of good data on the occurrence of invasive species. Unfortunately, these data...

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