|
| |
|
|
Similarity/dissimilarity analysis of genomic data on the basis of graphical representation
Těthal, Jiří ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Maděránková, Denisa (advisor)
The work deals with the identification of species of animal through the density of nucleotids of mitochondrial gene CO1. In the first part the theory summarized information about DNA barcoding and the mitochondria, cellular organel that with this method is closely related. The second part deals with virtually comparing different sequences using the density of nucleotides. For this it was created program, which uses two functions, the first of the specified nucleotide sequence calculates the density and one can compare the density by distance methods.
|
|
|
Comparison of mitochondrial DNA for species identification
Labounek, René ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Maděránková, Denisa (advisor)
The work deals with the method of recognizing species on the analysis of mitochondrial DNA segment. This analysis and classification using segment gene called CO1 in literatures such as barcode of life. In the beginning of work is analyzed the mitochondrial theory of heredity and conditions of formation of barcode. Practical use is based on this theory in creating database of barcodes generated to different animal species. Data used for creating the library are drawn from public databases NCBI and BOLD Systems. The next part of this work concerns about methods of comparison of the individual barcodes to the others and especially to the barcode of human. Three main computing methods were used tore these analyses: Needleman-Wunsch algorithm, Smith- Waterman algorithm and comparison of similarities using distance matrix. This work also concerns about transformation of DNA molecule sequences from symbols to numeric formats, which is required for the distance matrix comparison method. Algorithms for searching for a barcode of a species and vice versa were created to ease the work with data.
|
|
|
Computational modelling of mechanical tests of animal cell
Orlová, Lucie ; Fuis, Vladimír (referee) ; Burša, Jiří (advisor)
Předkládaná diplomová práce se zabývá stavbou živých živočišných buněk a jejich odezvou na mechanické zatěžování. Zobecněným zaměřením práce je popis mechanického chování buňky nejenom ve fyziologickém, ale i v patologickém stavu. Výchozím předpokladem pro úspěšné řešení zadané úlohy je vysoce interdisciplinární přístup kombinující výpočtové přístupy mechaniky těles (v~tomto případě metodu konečných prvků) s lékařským výzkumem. Nejdůležitějším bodem při tvorbě výpočtového modelu, pomocí něhož je možné aproximovat chování živé buňky při zatížení, je zejména identifikace mechanicky významných komponent a~jejich materiálových parametrů. V tomto případě jsou jako mechanicky význačné identifikovány spojité součásti jádro, membrána a cytoplazma, které jsou nově propojeny s prvky diskrétními (mitochondriální sítí) v hybridním modelu, jehož platnost je ověřena pomocí experimentálních dat. Tento model slouží jako podklad k vyhodnocení míry vlivu mitochondrií na celkovou tuhost buňky.
|
|
|
Ferrous nanoparts localization in inner organelles
Solař, Jan ; Janoušek, Oto (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
This bachelor‘s thesis describes a behavior of iron nanoparticles in human mesenchymal stem cells. First section deals with methods of fluorescent labelling of organelles and nanoparticles and settings of confocal microscope for their detection. Next section describes the iron nanoparticles metabolism and accumulation in cells. Finally, there is a section about the developement of the software utility for the localization and for the quantitative analysis of the fluorescence organelles and nanoparticles inside the living cells.
|
|
|
Monitoring of mitochondria in living cells using fluorescence methods
Taliánová, Eliška ; Čejková, Darina (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of monitoring mitochondria and evaluating their activity. The structure and function of cellular mitochondria are briefly discussed. Contains a list of commonly available fluorescent dyes. It investigates the possibilities of influencing mitochondria in vitro. It deals with the influence of mitochondrial membrane potential by means of various concentrations of glucose and subsequently evaluates mitochondrial activity using the dye JC-10.
|
|
|
Pozitive and negative selection of mitochondrial genome
Svoboda, Matěj ; Kupková, Kristýna (referee) ; Maděránková, Denisa (advisor)
The bachelor thesis engages with problematics of positive and negative selection of mitochondrial genome. Thesis is divided into two parts. First part grapples with theory and explanation of fundamental definitions, in particular understates mitochondrial genome, nucleotide mutation, positive and negative selection and furthermore evolution models. Second part focuses on processing mitochondrial DNA practically and on establishing functions in programming environment R. The emphasis is foremost on gene sequencing alignment and exploring substitutions. Consequently, obtained outcomes are contrasted with PAML and KaKs Calculator programme outcomes.
|
|
|
Monitoring of mitochondria in living cells using fluorescence methods
Taliánová, Eliška ; Čejková, Darina (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of monitoring mitochondria and evaluating their activity. The structure and function of cellular mitochondria are briefly discussed. Contains a list of commonly available fluorescent dyes. It investigates the possibilities of influencing mitochondria in vitro. It deals with the influence of mitochondrial membrane potential by means of various concentrations of glucose and subsequently evaluates mitochondrial activity using the dye JC-10.
|
|
|
The role of mitochondrial DNA in reproduction
Svobodová, Mariana ; Daňková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Jelínková, Ladislava (referee)
The bachelor's thesis focuses on the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in human reproduction, especially describing the differences in mtDNA dynamics in oogenesis, spermatogenesis and early embryo development. The physiological function of mtDNA is complemented by its pathologies and their effect on fertility and the ability of the embryo to implant successfully. Furthermore, mtDNA is discussed as a possible diagnostic marker in the evaluation of the quality of sperm, eggs and embryos. These findings of these studies are especially significant for assisted reproduction, where the goal is to select the highest quality embryo with the greatest implantation potential. The work also briefly mentions the presence of cell free mtDNA in the mother's blood and its connection with the development of preeclampsia. Key words: mtDNA, mitochondria, reproduction, (in)fertility
|
|
|
The study of mitochondrial energy-metabolism maturation
Křížová, Jana ; Hansíková, Hana (advisor) ; Pecina, Petr (referee) ; Rauchová, Hana (referee)
During intrauterine development in mammals, the fetus is exposed to a hypoxic environment. To allow proper postnatal adaptation to external conditions, a rapid transition from glycolytic to oxidative metabolism by mitochondria is required in fetal tissues after birth. Mitochondrial maturation is a complex process that is not only transcriptionally regulated. Using techniques such as microarray analysis, quantitative PCR, measurement of enzyme activities or coenzyme Q (CoQ) levels, we have described the acceleration of mitochondrial metabolism in rat liver tissue and skeletal muscle during the perinatal period and correlated the results with those in humans. Of the 1546 rat mitochondrial genes tested, we found statistically significant differences in the expression of 1119 in liver and 827 in muscle. The most significant shift in expression occurred in the rat liver between 20th and 22nd day of gestation, suggesting that the rat fetus is ready for the transition to external conditions at least 2 days before birth. Changes in CoQ levels in both rats and humans show that the amount of CoQ is low inthe prenatal period and increases after birth in both tissues. We have described the atypical kinase Coq8ap as an enzyme whose expression increases significantly after birth. It was previously predicted to...
|
guest ::
